来源：科技日报 基础研究是整个科学体系的源头，是所有技术问题的总机关。从探索宇宙奥秘到勇攀科学高峰，"十四 五"以来，坚持自由探索和目标导向"两条腿"走路，我国基础研究整体实力显著增强。 看自由探索的基础研究，我们取得了一批具有世界影响力的重要原创性成果：在国际上首次实现光子的 分数量子反常霍尔态，为容错量子计算奠定理论基础；首次揭示了月球背面存在年轻的岩浆活动，为完 善全月演化框架提供关键科学证据；构建了新型可编程的染色体大片段DNA精准操纵技术，首次实现 兆碱基级别多染色体的精准操纵。 看目标导向的基础研究，聚焦国家需求，部署纳米前沿、催化科学、物态调控等重点研发任务，一批重 大科学问题实现突破。例如，基于信息超材料的新架构无线通信系统，为6G技术提供了前瞻性的基础 支撑；建立的稀土资源绿色高效采集、精选和冶炼理论，为稀土材料引领发展提供了重要支撑。 科技强国：从夯实根基到勇攀高峰 全球首个！8月26日，广东江门一处静谧山体深处传出一则喜讯：位于地下700米的江门中微子实验(简 称"JUNO")成功完成2万吨液体闪烁体灌注，并正式运行取数，成为国际上首个运行的超大规模和超高 精度中微子专用大科学装置。 这 ...

Core Insights - The province achieved a historic breakthrough in the number of National Natural Science Foundation projects, with 1,305 projects supported, a year-on-year increase of 14.0%, and funding amounting to 582 million yuan, a 20.5% increase compared to the previous year [1][2]. Group 1: Project Approval Highlights - The approval range has significantly expanded, involving 61 institutions in the province, a 24.5% increase year-on-year, with nearly 17,000 applications submitted, reflecting a 17.8% increase [1]. - High-level projects have seen new breakthroughs, with Professor Shen Huabin from Henan University receiving funding for a Youth Science Fund A-type project, marking the first such funding in two years for the province [1]. - A total of 470 projects received general project funding, a 24.7% increase, while 816 projects received youth project funding, an 8.1% increase [2]. Group 2: Future Directions - The provincial government is committed to enhancing support for basic research, establishing a provincial Natural Science Foundation Committee, and expanding the scale of funding to 500 million yuan [2]. - There is an ongoing effort to improve the funding system and explore mechanisms for rolling support for outstanding young talents, alongside deepening collaboration with the National Natural Science Foundation [2].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the Shanghai Qiyuan State-owned Assets Innovation Fund (referred to as "Qiyuan Public Welfare Foundation") marks the first public welfare foundation for basic research initiated by state-owned enterprises in China, aimed at funding forward-looking and disruptive basic research and its related transformation [1][5]. Group 1: Foundation Overview - The Qiyuan Public Welfare Foundation was officially unveiled on July 30, with contributions from 16 state-owned enterprises in Shanghai [1][5]. - The foundation is supervised by the Shanghai State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission and aims to support high-risk, high-value basic research, particularly focusing on youth innovation [8][9]. Group 2: Focus Areas - The foundation emphasizes four key areas: 1. Tackling "bottleneck" issues by supporting innovative projects with disruptive potential that align with national strategic needs and Shanghai's leading industries [9]. 2. Exploring "unmanned areas" by focusing on cutting-edge disciplines such as quantum technology, controllable nuclear fusion, and brain science, supporting high-risk and controversial projects [9]. 3. Connecting the "transformation chain" by linking various resources, including innovation scenarios, incubators, and industry funds, to facilitate the transition from laboratory to industry [9]. 4. Cultivating a "new force" by providing early-stage funding to the most innovative young talents, using public welfare resources to support technological talent [9]. Group 3: Research Demand List - The foundation announced a list of 20 basic research demands covering areas such as immunotherapy, protein quantification technology, AI drug design, and computing power scheduling [12][14]. - Specific research topics include: - Mechanisms of stem cell-like T cells in tumors and inflammation [14]. - Dynamic regulation networks of inflammatory factors in autoimmune diseases [14]. - AI-based drug design techniques for difficult-to-develop drug targets [14]. - Research on high-efficiency low-temperature electrolysis of carbon dioxide [15]. - Collaborations have been established with institutions like Fudan University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University to enhance research capabilities [15].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes Huawei's resilience and commitment to overcoming challenges, highlighting the importance of focusing on internal capabilities rather than external pressures [1][3]. Group 1: Challenges and Responses - Huawei's CEO Ren Zhengfei expresses a mindset of not dwelling on difficulties, advocating for a proactive approach to progress [2][3]. - The company acknowledges the competitive landscape in chip manufacturing, stating that while it has made strides, it still lags behind the U.S. in certain areas [4][5]. - Ren emphasizes the importance of education and talent development in addressing challenges, particularly in the semiconductor industry [5]. Group 2: Research and Development - Huawei invests approximately 180 billion yuan annually in R&D, with around 60 billion yuan dedicated to foundational theoretical research, which is not subject to performance evaluation [11][12]. - The company recognizes the long-term nature of basic research, which can take decades to yield results, and stresses its necessity for technological breakthroughs [8][11]. Group 3: The Role of Theoretical Research - Ren highlights the significance of theoretical scientists and the need for societal understanding and support for their work, as breakthroughs often take time to be recognized [10][12]. - He draws parallels between historical scientific discoveries and their eventual applications, underscoring the value of patience in research [9][10]. Group 4: Future Outlook - Ren discusses the potential of artificial intelligence as a transformative technology for society, noting that its development will require decades of effort [15]. - He points out China's advantages in AI, including a robust power supply and advanced communication networks, which are essential for its growth [16][17]. - The CEO believes that the integration of AI into manufacturing will lead to the emergence of unique Chinese models and solutions [18]. Group 5: Economic and Social Development - Ren argues that socialism facilitates social development by enabling investments in infrastructure that may not be immediately profitable, contrasting it with capitalist approaches [14]. - He emphasizes the importance of a harmonious development model that fosters value creation and legal compliance among enterprises [19]. - The article concludes with a vision of increasing openness in the economy, which is expected to drive progress and national rejuvenation [20].