广东省茂名市电白区南海岛水东湾海洋公园内茂密的红树林湿地景观。黄胜林摄（人民视觉） 在山东省荣成市石岛管理区的海上风电产业基地，超大型风电叶片正在吊装和运输，准备运往海上作业 区进行安装。李信君摄（人民视觉） 看不见、摸不着的碳排放也有价格、可以交易。 自2013年起，中国在多个省市开展碳排放交易试点，2021年，全国碳排放权交易市场正式启动上线。碳 市场已成为中国利用市场机制积极应对气候变化、加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型的一项重要政策工 具。 近日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅《关于推进绿色低碳转型加强全国碳市场建设的意见》（以下简 称《意见》）公布，明确全国碳市场中长期发展的时间表、路线图。在业内看来，这意味着碳市场进入 2.0时代，将推动全国碳市场更有活力、更具国际影响力。 企业减排越多、收益越多 碳市场里买卖什么？从营造红树林，到建设海上风电……企业等减排主体的贡献"份额"被量化、交易， 既可选择通过技术改造降低排放，也可选择购买配额填补缺口，从而以更低的社会成本达成总体减排目 标。 "碳市场一头牵着减碳目标，一头连着经济增长，通过市场机制作用将减排压力转化为动力，激发市场 主体和社会各界参与到减碳进 ...

加快建设更加有效、更有活力、更具国际影响力的全国碳市场 生态环境部党组书记 孙金龙 生态环境部部长 黄润秋 碳市场是利用市场机制积极应对气候变化、加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型的重要政策工具。近日，中 共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于推进绿色低碳转型加强全国碳市场建设的意见》（以下简称 《意见》），充分彰显了我国积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和的坚定决心和有力行动。要以习近平新时代中 国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平生态文明思想为指导，准确把握加强全国碳市场建设的总体要求、主 要目标和重点任务，加快建设更加有效、更有活力、更具国际影响力的碳市场，为实现人与自然和谐共 生的现代化提供有力支撑。 一、深刻认识加强全国碳市场建设的重大意义 当前，我国已建立重点排放单位履行强制减排责任的全国碳排放权交易市场和激励社会自主减排的全国 温室气体自愿减排交易市场，两个市场相互衔接，共同构成全国碳市场体系。在全面总结全国碳市场建 设成效和存在的问题、深入借鉴国内试点碳市场和国际碳市场建设实践经验的基础上，进一步加强全国 碳市场建设，具有十分重要的现实意义。 全国碳市场建设激发全社会绿色低碳发展内生动力，是统筹高质量发展和高水平保护、 ...

碳市场是利用市场机制积极应对气候变化、加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型的重要政策工具。近日，中 共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于推进绿色低碳转型加强全国碳市场建设的意见》（以下简称 《意见》），充分彰显了我国积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和的坚定决心和有力行动。要以习近平新时代中 国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平生态文明思想为指导，准确把握加强全国碳市场建设的总体要求、主 要目标和重点任务，加快建设更加有效、更有活力、更具国际影响力的碳市场，为实现人与自然和谐共 生的现代化提供有力支撑。 一、深刻认识加强全国碳市场建设的重大意义 当前，我国已建立重点排放单位履行强制减排责任的全国碳排放权交易市场和激励社会自主减排的全国 温室气体自愿减排交易市场，两个市场相互衔接，共同构成全国碳市场体系。在全面总结全国碳市场建 设成效和存在的问题、深入借鉴国内试点碳市场和国际碳市场建设实践经验的基础上，进一步加强全国 碳市场建设，具有十分重要的现实意义。 全国碳市场建设激发全社会绿色低碳发展内生动力，是统筹高质量发展和高水平保护、加快培育发展新 质生产力的重要抓手。高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务，推动经济社会发展绿色 ...

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of the "Opinions" by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council marks a significant step in strengthening the national carbon market, providing a more comprehensive institutional guarantee and robust support for its construction [1][2]. Group 1: Carbon Market Development - The national carbon market consists of a mandatory carbon emissions trading market and a voluntary carbon market, which operate independently but are interconnected through a quota clearing mechanism [2]. - As of August 22, 2023, the mandatory carbon market has seen a cumulative transaction volume exceeding 680 million tons, with a transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan, while the voluntary market has recorded 2.49 million tons of certified voluntary emission reductions, amounting to 210 million yuan [2]. - The "Opinions" outline a timeline and roadmap for the development of the national carbon market, aiming for comprehensive coverage of key emission sectors by 2027 and a transparent voluntary carbon market by 2030 [3][4]. Group 2: Quota Management and Regulation - The establishment of a clear and transparent carbon emissions quota management system is essential for the healthy operation of the carbon trading market [4]. - The current quota distribution method is based on intensity control, with plans to gradually implement total quota control for stable emission sectors by 2027 [4]. - The government aims to enhance data quality management and strengthen regulatory measures to prevent data manipulation in carbon emissions reporting [5][6]. Group 3: Market Vitality and Financial Integration - The ecological environment department plans to collaborate with financial institutions to develop green financial products related to carbon emissions rights and certified voluntary emission reductions [6]. - New policies such as carbon pledging and carbon repurchase are being explored to improve financing channels for key emission units and enhance their proactive engagement in energy conservation and emission reduction [6][7]. - The "Opinions" emphasize the importance of involving qualified financial institutions and individuals in the carbon market to broaden participation and enhance market dynamics [7].

Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Opinions" marks the first central document in China's carbon market sector, outlining a clear timetable and roadmap for the development of the national carbon market by 2027 and 2030 [1][2]. Group 1: National Carbon Market Development - The national carbon market consists of a mandatory carbon emissions trading market and a voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading market, which are interconnected to form a comprehensive carbon market system [2][3]. - As of August 22, 2023, the mandatory carbon market has seen a cumulative trading volume of over 680 million tons, with a transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan, while the voluntary market has recorded 2.49 million tons of certified voluntary emission reductions, amounting to 210 million yuan [2]. Group 2: Market Expansion and Coverage - By 2027, the mandatory carbon market aims to expand its coverage to include major industrial sectors, while the voluntary market will extend to biomass utilization and solid waste treatment, achieving full coverage in key areas [1][2]. - The government plans to gradually shift from intensity control to total control of carbon emissions, establishing a clear and transparent carbon emissions quota management system [3]. Group 3: International Cooperation and Leadership - The "Opinions" emphasize the importance of international cooperation in climate governance, positioning the improvement of the national carbon market as a significant step in demonstrating China's commitment to global climate leadership [4][5]. - China's experience in carbon trading and voluntary reduction markets is seen as valuable for other developing countries facing similar challenges in balancing economic development and carbon reduction [5][6]. Group 4: Financial Empowerment and Market Vitality - The "Opinions" propose enhancing market vitality by diversifying trading products and expanding trading participants, including the introduction of financial institutions into the carbon market [7][8]. - Financial institutions are encouraged to develop green financial products related to carbon emissions rights and certified voluntary emission reductions, thereby supporting greenhouse gas reduction efforts [7][8].

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" marks the first central document in China's carbon market sector, aiming to provide a more comprehensive institutional guarantee and stronger capability support for the national carbon market construction [1][2]. Summary by Relevant Sections National Carbon Market Development - The national carbon market consists of a mandatory carbon emissions trading market and a voluntary carbon emissions trading market, which operate independently but are interconnected through a quota clearing mechanism [2]. - As of August 22, 2023, the mandatory carbon market has seen a cumulative transaction volume exceeding 680 million tons, with a transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan, while the voluntary market has recorded 2.49 million tons of certified voluntary emission reductions, amounting to 210 million yuan [2]. Timeline and Roadmap - The "Opinions" outline a timeline for the national carbon market's development, aiming to cover major industrial sectors by 2027 and achieve full coverage in key areas by 2030 [3]. - The mandatory carbon market will expand to include major industrial sectors, while the voluntary market will broaden its scope to include biomass utilization and solid waste treatment [3]. Quota Management System - A clear and transparent carbon emissions quota management system is essential for the healthy operation of the national carbon trading market [4]. - The quota distribution system will balance emission reduction targets with economic costs and industry differences, with a gradual shift towards total quota control by 2027 [5]. Development of Voluntary Carbon Market - The government aims to accelerate the development of the voluntary carbon market by focusing on key areas and technologies related to carbon neutrality [6]. - Strengthening market regulation and ensuring accurate carbon emission data are critical for the success of the carbon market [6]. Systematic Improvement - The construction of the national carbon market is a complex system engineering task that requires a problem-oriented and goal-oriented approach [7]. - The government will enhance the reliability of data and inclusivity of industries within the carbon market [7]. Implementation Strategies - The implementation of the "Opinions" will focus on expanding the coverage of the mandatory carbon market and developing the voluntary market with a robust methodological framework [8]. - Financial institutions will be encouraged to develop green financial products related to carbon emissions, such as carbon pledges and carbon repurchase agreements, to enhance market liquidity and reduce financing costs [8]. Management Enhancement - Strict regulations on carbon emissions verification and improved technical standards for key industries will be enforced [9]. - The government will strengthen the entire process of carbon emissions data quality supervision and combat fraudulent activities [9].

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" marks the first central document in China's carbon market sector, aiming to provide a more comprehensive institutional guarantee and stronger capability support for the national carbon market construction [1] Group 1: Carbon Market Development - The national carbon market consists of a mandatory carbon emissions trading market and a voluntary carbon emissions trading market, which operate independently but are interconnected through a quota clearing mechanism [2] - As of August 22, 2023, the mandatory carbon market has seen a cumulative transaction volume exceeding 680 million tons, with a transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan, while the voluntary carbon market has recorded a cumulative transaction of 2.49 million tons, valued at 210 million yuan [2] - The "Opinions" outline a timeline and roadmap for the development of the national carbon market, aiming for full coverage of key emission sectors by 2027 and a transparent voluntary carbon market by 2030 [3] Group 2: Quota Management and Distribution - The establishment of a clear and transparent carbon emissions quota management system is essential for the healthy operation of the national carbon trading market [4] - The quota distribution system will balance emission reduction targets with economic costs and will gradually implement total quota control for stable emission industries by 2027 [5] Group 3: Voluntary Carbon Market and Data Quality - The development of the national voluntary carbon emissions trading market is emphasized, focusing on key areas for carbon peak and neutrality, and establishing a methodology system for voluntary reduction projects [6] - Continuous enhancement of data quality management is crucial, with measures including monthly verification of key emission data and the use of big data and blockchain for risk monitoring [6] Group 4: Market Mechanism and Financial Integration - The construction of the national carbon market is a complex system project that requires a problem-oriented and goal-oriented approach, enhancing the reliability of data and inclusivity of industries [7] - The ecological environment department plans to explore green financial products related to carbon emissions rights and certified voluntary reduction amounts, which will help improve financing channels for key emission units [8] Group 5: Management and Compliance - Strict regulation of carbon emissions verification and enhancement of the responsibility of key emission units for carbon accounting and reporting are necessary [9] - Comprehensive supervision of carbon emissions data quality will be enforced to combat fraudulent activities [9]

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" marks the first central document in China's carbon market sector, providing a more comprehensive institutional guarantee and stronger capability support for the national carbon market construction [1][2]. Group 1: National Carbon Market Development - China has established a national carbon emissions trading market that includes both a mandatory carbon market and a voluntary carbon market, which operate independently but are interconnected through a quota clearing mechanism [2][3]. - As of August 22, 2023, the cumulative transaction volume of the mandatory carbon market exceeded 680 million tons, with a transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan, while the voluntary carbon market recorded a cumulative transaction of 2.49 million tons, valued at 210 million yuan [2][3]. Group 2: Timeline and Roadmap - The "Opinions" outline a timeline and roadmap for the national carbon market, aiming to cover major industrial sectors by 2027 and achieve comprehensive coverage in key areas by 2030 [3][4]. - The mandatory carbon market will expand to include major industrial sectors, while the voluntary market will extend to biomass utilization and solid waste treatment by 2027 [3][4]. Group 3: Quota Management System - A clear and transparent carbon emissions quota management system is essential for the healthy operation of the national carbon trading market [4][5]. - The quota distribution system will balance emission reduction targets with economic costs and industry differences, gradually implementing total quota control by 2027 [4][5]. Group 4: Development of Voluntary Carbon Market - The government aims to actively develop the national voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading market, focusing on key areas and technologies for carbon neutrality [6][7]. - Strengthening market regulation and ensuring accurate carbon emission data are crucial for the success of the carbon market [6][7]. Group 5: Enhancing Market Vitality - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment plans to collaborate with financial institutions to explore green financial products related to carbon emissions rights and certified voluntary reduction amounts [8][9]. - Initiatives like carbon pledging and carbon repurchase will help improve financing channels for key emission units and enhance their proactive engagement in energy-saving and carbon reduction efforts [8][9]. Group 6: Management Improvement - Strict regulations on carbon emissions verification and enhanced oversight of data quality are necessary to ensure compliance and integrity within the carbon market [9].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the release of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, emphasizing the development of the national carbon market as a key policy tool for controlling greenhouse gas emissions and achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals [2][7]. Group 1: National Carbon Market Goals - The document sets specific targets for the national carbon market, aiming for basic coverage of major industrial sectors by 2027 and a comprehensive trading system by 2030, including quota control, distribution, and international market integration [12][13]. - The goals reflect a coordinated approach with the dual control system for carbon emissions, transitioning from intensity control to total control by 2030 [16][17]. Group 2: Development of Trading Systems - The national carbon market consists of mandatory emission reduction trading and voluntary emission reduction trading, with key sectors like power generation, steel, cement, and aluminum already included [3][18]. - The voluntary carbon market is set to restart in January 2024, with methodologies being developed for various sectors, including power, oil and gas, and forestry [20]. Group 3: Financial Product Innovation - The document encourages financial institutions to develop green financial products related to carbon emissions, such as carbon bonds, carbon futures, and carbon funds, to enhance support for greenhouse gas reduction [22][23]. - Local governments, such as Guangdong and Shanghai, are implementing policies to support carbon asset financing and expand the range of market participants [24]. Group 4: Carbon Emission Accounting and Verification - The article highlights the need for improved carbon emission accounting and reporting management, including the revision of guidelines for key industries and the establishment of a national carbon measurement center [25][26]. - The ecological environment department has released guidelines for greenhouse gas accounting and reporting for four key industries since the market's inception in 2021, with ongoing updates needed for other sectors [27].

Core Viewpoint - The recent issuance of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" aims to enhance the national carbon market and expand its coverage to key industries such as steel, cement, and aluminum smelting, while establishing new policies like carbon pledge and carbon repurchase to boost market activity [1][2][3][4] Group 1: Carbon Market Development - The national carbon market has been established with a focus on utilizing market mechanisms to address climate change and promote green economic transformation [2] - As of August 22, 2025, the cumulative transaction volume of the mandatory carbon market reached 680 million tons, with a transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan [2] - The voluntary carbon market recorded a cumulative transaction of 2.49 million tons of certified voluntary emission reductions, amounting to 210 million yuan [2] Group 2: Policy and Regulatory Framework - The new central document outlines a long-term development roadmap for the national carbon market, emphasizing the need for a transparent quota management system and a shift from intensity control to total control of carbon emissions [3] - The allocation method for carbon quotas will transition from entirely free to a combination of free and paid allocations, gradually increasing the proportion of paid allocations [3] Group 3: Market Mechanisms and Financial Integration - The introduction of carbon pledge and carbon repurchase policies aims to enhance financing channels for key emission units, allowing them to leverage carbon assets for loans and short-term liquidity [4] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will collaborate with financial institutions to develop green financial products related to carbon emissions [4] - Strict regulations will be enforced on carbon emission verification, ensuring accountability among major emission units and enhancing data quality management [4]