随着碳市场不断成熟，以碳排放配额、核证自愿减排量（CCER）等碳资产为核心的金融活动日益 活跃。碳金融作为绿色金融的重要组成部分，本质是在碳市场形成价格发现机制的基础上，将碳资产金 融化，使其具备融资、交易和风险管理等功能，从而服务企业的绿色低碳转型。 作为全国碳市场深化发展的重要支撑，碳金融产品和工具正不断丰富与完善，目前已形成包括碳资 产抵质押贷款、碳债券、碳资产回购等融资类工具，碳远期、碳期货、碳期权等交易类工具，以及碳保 险、碳基金等支持类工具在内的多元产品体系。这些金融工具不仅能够帮助企业降低履约成本，提升市 场流动性和透明度，还能吸引更多社会资本进入绿色产业，推动形成绿色投资与碳交易的良性循环。 在政策支持层面，2021年11月，中国人民银行发布了专门的碳减排支持工具，给予碳减排项目更加 优惠的资金支持。该工具设立3年多来，取得显著成效，有力推动了经济社会向低碳轨道转型。 不少金融机构也积极投身碳金融产品创新实践，涌现出一批特色实践。例如，九江银行聚焦林业碳 汇领域，发放以核证自愿减排量（CCER）林业碳汇收益权为质押的300万元绿色贷款，将生态资源转 化为企业可抵押的"生态资产"；北京银行南京分 ...

近年来，我国碳金融政策体系已形成"顶层设计-产品规范-市场准入"的全链条框架。2025年2月，证监 会发布《关于资本市场做好金融"五篇大文章"的实施意见》，明确"稳妥有序推进碳期货市场建设和碳 排放权期货研发上市"等，为券商参与碳金融业务提供了相应指引。 上海证券有限责任公司党委书记、董事长 李海超 2025年6月，中央金融委员会印发《关于支持加快建设上海国际金融中心的意见》；同月，国家金融监 督管理总局、上海市人民政府联合发布《关于支持上海国际金融中心建设行动方案》，明确提出"支持 上海参与国际碳金融定价权竞争，打造国际绿色金融枢纽"。作为植根上海、服务全国的券商机构，上 海证券深刻认识到，碳金融不仅是金融服务新质生产力的抓手之一，更是券商践行金融报国使命、助力 金融强国建设的重要路径。 按照碳金融业务相应指引 积极履行券商使命 三是提升价格发现功能，为市场活跃搭建高效平台。我国碳市场活跃度低，2024年全国碳市场换手率约 为3.5%，远低于欧美碳市场60%的现货换手率和600%的期货换手率。券商可以通过积极参与碳交易、 做市商机制，参与碳配额、碳信用交易，为市场注入流动性，提升价格发现功能。 多方面推动融 ...

● 上海证券有限责任公司党委书记、董事长李海超 2025年6月，中央金融委员会印发《关于支持加快建设上海国际金融中心的意见》；同月，国家金融监 督管理总局、上海市人民政府联合发布《关于支持上海国际金融中心建设行动方案》，明确提出"支持 上海参与国际碳金融定价权竞争，打造国际绿色金融枢纽"。作为植根上海、服务全国的券商机构，上 海证券深刻认识到，碳金融不仅是金融服务新质生产力的抓手之一，更是券商践行金融报国使命、助力 金融强国建设的重要路径。 按照碳金融业务相应指引积极履行券商使命 近年来，我国碳金融政策体系已形成"顶层设计-产品规范-市场准入"的全链条框架。2025年2月，证监 会发布《关于资本市场做好金融"五篇大文章"的实施意见》，明确"稳妥有序推进碳期货市场建设和碳 排放权期货研发上市"等，为券商参与碳金融业务提供了相应指引。 在推进上海国际金融中心建设的过程中，上海证券始终将碳金融作为服务国家战略的重要支点。碳金融 不是单一的金融创新，而是连接"双碳"目标与实体经济的纽带，碳金融需要与科技创新、绿色金融等深 度融合。 上海证券始终坚持金融服务实体经济、创新驱动发展，作为国资券商，积极落实国家绿色发展战略 ...

Core Viewpoint - The development of carbon finance is crucial for supporting China's dual carbon goals and enhancing the role of financial institutions in facilitating green transformation and innovation [1][5]. Group 1: Policy and Strategic Framework - In June 2025, the Central Financial Committee issued opinions to accelerate the construction of Shanghai as an international financial center, emphasizing the importance of carbon finance [1]. - The regulatory framework for carbon finance in China has been established, including top-level design, product specifications, and market access guidelines [1][2]. - The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) has provided guidance for the development of carbon futures and carbon emission rights futures, encouraging brokerages to engage in carbon finance [1][2]. Group 2: Role of Shanghai Securities - Shanghai Securities has actively participated in the green finance sector, launching various initiatives since 2015, including the establishment of a carbon emission trading investment trust [2]. - The company has set up a Green Finance Research Center to support the development of green finance and has contributed to industry standards and ESG reports [2]. - Shanghai Securities aims to leverage its position to enhance resource allocation, risk management, and price discovery in the carbon finance market [2][3]. Group 3: Market Development and Opportunities - The carbon market in China is still in its infancy, with only 18 brokerages currently authorized to participate in carbon emission trading [2]. - There is a need for regulatory bodies to expand participation and relax market access to facilitate broader engagement in the national carbon trading market [2]. - The carbon finance market requires collaboration among regulatory authorities, market institutions, and enterprises to develop effectively [2]. Group 4: Financial Instruments and Services - Shanghai Securities is exploring various carbon finance instruments, such as carbon bonds and asset-backed financing, to support enterprises in their green transitions [3][4]. - The company is also focusing on risk management through carbon derivatives to help businesses hedge against price volatility in the carbon market [3]. - Enhancing liquidity and price discovery in the carbon market is essential, as evidenced by the low turnover rates compared to international markets [3]. Group 5: Integration and Innovation - The integration of carbon finance with investment banking and asset management is being pursued to create synergies and meet diverse corporate needs [4]. - Shanghai Securities has successfully facilitated green bond issuances for projects that contribute to significant carbon reductions, demonstrating its commitment to sustainable finance [4]. - The company is dedicated to advancing green low-carbon technology innovation and expanding its green financing capabilities [5].

Core Insights - The national carbon market has been operating for four years, showing a healthy and orderly development with a cumulative trading volume exceeding 670 million tons and a transaction value of 46 billion yuan [1][2][3] - The introduction of the "Interim Regulations on Carbon Emission Trading Management" in 2024 provides a strong legal framework for the market, with the first expansion planned for 2025 to include steel, cement, and aluminum industries [2][3][9] - The market price has shown a positive trend, with the average closing price surpassing 100 yuan per ton in April 2024, and recent prices fluctuating between 70-80 yuan per ton [3] Market Development - The national carbon market has seen accelerated development in 2024, with the introduction of new trading methods such as single-direction bidding to enhance trading efficiency [2][3] - The trading system's continuous improvement has positively impacted market activity and price formation mechanisms, with trading prices remaining within a reasonable range [2] Regional Market Coordination - The implementation of the regulations on May 1, 2024, clarifies the boundaries between national and local carbon markets, preventing overlapping controls [4] - Shanghai's carbon market has introduced various carbon financial products, significantly increasing green electricity consumption and achieving a 72% growth in carbon reduction credits used for compliance [5][6] Financial Products and Innovations - Shanghai has launched multiple innovative carbon financial products, including carbon pledges, carbon repurchase, and carbon insurance, effectively mobilizing over 800 million tons of carbon assets [6][7] - The introduction of the carbon neutrality index and the upcoming capital market transformation index aims to enhance the synergy between carbon markets and financial markets [7] International Context and Challenges - The EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) poses challenges and opportunities for Chinese export enterprises, particularly in high-carbon industries [8] - Companies are encouraged to track domestic and international policies, build carbon data management systems, and enhance their low-carbon management practices to adapt to evolving trade rules [8][9]