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刘锋:构建更具活力与效能的新型碳市场
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-10-12 12:47
刘锋系中财绿金院首席经济学家、中国首席经济学家论坛理事 我国碳市场建设经历了从地方试点到全国统一市场的发展历程,呈现了清晰的"试点探索—全国统一— 全面深化"三阶段特征。 2011年,国家发展改革委发布《关于开展碳排放权交易试点工作的通知》,批准在北京、天津、上海、 重庆、湖北、广东和深圳"两省五市"开展碳排放权交易试点。七省市试点形成"双轨制"制度框架,建立 配额分配、MRV(监测、报告与核查)体系、市场交易等基础制度。深圳试点创新引入拍卖分配机 制,上海试点开发碳金融衍生品,形成差异化制度创新样本。这一实践为全国统一碳市场的建立积累了 宝贵经验。 2021年7月16 日,全国碳排放权交易市场正式启动运行,首批纳入了2162家发电行业重点排放单位,覆 盖约45亿吨二氧化碳排放量,成为全球规模最大的碳市场。通过构建"1+N"政策体系,确立了以发电行 业为基础的统一市场规则,建立了跨区域碳排放数据质量控制体系,并利用区块链技术实现了配额分配 的穿透式监管。这一阶段标志着中国碳市场从局部试点向系统集成的跨越。 《中国金融》首发 当前全球气候治理格局深刻变革下,减少温室气体排放、推动绿色低碳转型成为国际社会的普遍共 ...
把握我国碳金融发展的未来方向与政策路径
Zhong Guo Yin Hang· 2025-10-11 01:15
研究院 2025 年 10 月 11 日 2025 年第 36 期(总第 608 期) Ω 中银研究产品系列 作 者:赵廷辰 中国银行研究院 电 话:010 - 6659 1558 签发人:陈卫东 审稿人:王家强 李佩珈 联系人:程栖云 刘佩忠 电 话:010 – 6659 4016 * 对外公开 ** 全辖传阅 *** 内参材料 把握我国碳金融发展的未来方向 与政策路径* 发展碳金融对于活跃碳市场、满足经济社会低碳 转型资金需求具有重要意义。2025 年 8 月 25 日,中 共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅发布《关于推进绿色低 碳转型加强全国碳市场建设的意见》(《意见》), 这是首份由中央层面出台、专项支持全国碳市场发展 的政策文件。《意见》在"着力提升碳市场活力"章 节中,对发展碳金融作出整体部署。我国碳金融尚处 于起步阶段,下一步应参考国际经验与教训,坚持以 服务实体经济为出发点和落脚点,大力发展碳市场融 资工具,稳妥推进金融机构参与碳市场交易,不急于 推出碳期货等衍生品,探索一条符合中国国情实际的 发展路径。 ● 《经济金融展望季报》 ● 《中银调研》 ● 《宏观观察》 ● 《银行业观察》 ● 《国际金融 ...
碳资产或成为人民币国际化的“新资产锚”丨杨涛专栏
2 1 Shi Ji Jing Ji Bao Dao· 2025-09-11 23:02
Core Viewpoint - The construction of China's carbon market is accelerating, with the government aiming to create a more effective, vibrant, and internationally influential carbon market to support carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals [1] Group 1: Carbon Market Development - China's carbon market consists of three parts: the national carbon market launched in July 2021, covering over 2,200 key emission units in the power sector, with a cumulative trading volume of 680 million tons and a total transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan as of August 2025 [2] - The voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market (CCER) started in January 2024, with a cumulative certified voluntary reduction of 2.49 million tons and a transaction value of 210 million yuan as of August 2025 [2] - Local carbon markets have been piloted since 2011 in various regions, allowing non-national market sectors to trade and manage emissions [2] Group 2: Carbon Financial Market - The carbon financial market includes financing, trading, and support tools, with carbon bonds being the most significant financial instrument, totaling 805.739 billion yuan issued from 2021 to the end of 2024 to support green and low-carbon transitions [2] - Trading tools in the carbon market include carbon futures, options, forwards, swaps, and loans, while support tools encompass carbon indices, insurance, and funds [2] Group 3: Challenges and Development Strategies - Despite significant achievements, the national carbon market faces challenges such as insufficient industry inclusion, low market liquidity, and the need for improved price formation mechanisms [3] - The government has proposed new development strategies to address these challenges, emphasizing coordinated development among the national carbon market, CCER, and local markets, as well as enhancing market vitality through product diversification and regulatory improvements [3] - Key areas for strengthening include management systems, carbon emission accounting, and data quality oversight [3] Group 4: Implementation and International Cooperation - The government has outlined key directions for implementation, including improving the national carbon market's clearing mechanism and enhancing international cooperation [4] - The existing clearing model needs adaptation to meet the demands of the rapidly developing carbon market and financial sector [4] - There is significant potential for increasing the internationalization of China's carbon market, which is crucial for supporting the internationalization of the renminbi and financial openness [4]
开启中国碳市场建设新征程,激发全社会绿色低碳转型内生动力|碳市场建设解读①
Zhong Guo Huan Jing Bao· 2025-08-28 23:19
Core Viewpoint - The recent issuance of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" marks a significant step in China's carbon market development, establishing it as a key policy tool for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals [1][2]. Group 1: Carbon Market Development - China has established the world's largest national carbon emissions trading market, which aims to address high reduction costs and insufficient transformation motivation [2][3]. - The carbon market is designed to provide a flexible mechanism for achieving greenhouse gas control targets at a low cost, promoting deep transformation of traditional industries and fostering new productive forces [2][3]. - The establishment of a carbon pricing mechanism is crucial for driving industrial upgrades and ensuring that carbon prices reflect the marginal costs of emissions reduction [3][4]. Group 2: Innovation and Incentives - The national carbon emissions trading market will accelerate the transition to clean energy and process innovation in key industries such as electricity, metallurgy, and chemicals [4][5]. - Innovative incentive mechanisms will facilitate low-carbon technology innovation and the implementation of significant climate projects, addressing financing challenges for major low-carbon technology innovations [4][5]. - The voluntary carbon emissions reduction trading market will promote the industrialization of cutting-edge technologies in areas like carbon sinks and renewable energy [4][5]. Group 3: Market Relationships and Coordination - The construction of the carbon market involves balancing various stakeholder interests and policy elements, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach to achieve carbon peak and neutrality goals [5][6]. - There is a need to integrate the mandatory carbon trading market with the voluntary market to enhance policy synergy and stimulate green innovation [5][6]. - The relationship between effective markets and proactive government roles must be harmonized to ensure a well-functioning carbon market [6][7]. Group 4: Future Directions - The carbon market should initially focus on its primary function of emission reduction, gradually enhancing its financial attributes as the system matures [7][8]. - Coordination between the national carbon market and local pilot markets is essential, with local markets continuing to serve as testing grounds for policy innovations [8].
中办、国办重磅发布!
Jin Rong Shi Bao· 2025-08-25 14:08
Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the importance of the carbon market as a policy tool for addressing climate change and promoting a green transition in the economy and society [1] - The main goals set forth in the recent opinion include achieving basic coverage of major industrial sectors in the national carbon emissions trading market by 2027 and establishing a comprehensive voluntary emissions reduction trading market by 2030 [1][2] - The expansion of the national carbon emissions trading market will include new sectors such as steel, cement, and electrolytic aluminum, which are significant contributors to emissions and are heavily influenced by international green trade [2][3] Group 2 - The opinion outlines the need to improve the carbon emissions quota management system, including establishing a transparent quota management framework and gradually shifting from intensity control to total control of emissions quotas [4] - The introduction of carbon finance is highlighted as a key strategy to enhance market vitality, allowing financial institutions to develop green financial products related to carbon emissions rights [5][6] - The article references the EU carbon market as a model for integrating financial attributes into carbon markets, which has led to a diverse range of trading products and active market participation [7]
支持新型工业化 期市大有可为
Qi Huo Ri Bao Wang· 2025-08-22 01:11
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of the futures market in supporting China's new industrialization and manufacturing strength, highlighting the need for product innovation to better serve national strategies [2][10]. Group 1: Current State of the Futures Market - China's futures market has developed a diversified product system covering various sectors, including agriculture, metals, energy, chemicals, and finance, with a total of 131 listed commodity futures and options [3]. - Industrial futures and options account for 64% of the total, with significant products like PTA and iron ore becoming global pricing benchmarks [3]. - The correlation between futures prices and spot prices for copper and aluminum on the Shanghai Futures Exchange is as high as 0.99, demonstrating effective price discovery [3]. Group 2: New Industrialization Characteristics - New industrialization is characterized by three main features: intelligence, greenness, and financial integration [4]. - Intelligent manufacturing involves the application of AI and new information technologies across various industrial processes [4]. - Green transformation focuses on promoting low-carbon technologies and practices in industrial development [4]. - Financial integration aims to enhance resource allocation efficiency and support manufacturing development through financial means [4]. Group 3: Demand for Futures Products - The new industrialization strategy highlights the need for futures products in six key industries: automotive, high-end equipment, new energy, new materials, biomedicine, and information technology [4]. - These industries require risk management tools to address price volatility in critical materials like semiconductors, aerospace materials, and lithium [5]. Group 4: Future Product Innovation Directions - Future product innovation in the futures market can focus on three main lines: strategic resources, advanced materials, and green transformation [6][7][8]. - The development of futures products for lithium hydroxide and cobalt is suggested to manage price risks in the new energy sector [6]. - The introduction of photovoltaic futures indices is proposed to enhance stability in the semiconductor materials market [7]. - The exploration of electricity futures is encouraged to support low-carbon development and manage costs associated with carbon emissions [8]. Group 5: Strategic Role of the Futures Market - The futures market is positioned as a strategic infrastructure that enhances the resilience and competitiveness of industrial chains [10]. - By anchoring prices for essential industrial commodities, the futures market is expected to facilitate a more stable and high-quality development of Chinese manufacturing [10].
上海证券董事长李海超:以碳金融为钥 启绿色金融新局
Zhong Guo Zheng Quan Bao· 2025-08-22 00:14
Core Viewpoint - The development of carbon finance is crucial for supporting China's dual carbon goals and enhancing the role of financial institutions in the green economy [1][2][7] Group 1: Policy and Strategic Framework - In June 2025, the Central Financial Committee issued opinions to accelerate the construction of Shanghai as an international financial center, emphasizing the importance of carbon finance [1] - The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) has established a comprehensive policy framework for carbon finance, including guidelines for the development of carbon futures and emissions trading [2] Group 2: Role of Shanghai Securities - Shanghai Securities recognizes carbon finance as a key component of its mission to support national strategies and has been actively involved in the carbon finance sector since 2015 [2][6] - The company has established a Green Finance Research Center in 2022 to enhance its capabilities in green finance and has participated in industry standards and ESG reports [2][6] Group 3: Market Potential and Opportunities - The carbon market in China is still in its early stages, with at least 18 brokerages approved for carbon emissions trading, indicating significant growth potential [3] - The company aims to enhance resource allocation, risk management, and price discovery in the carbon finance market to support green transitions [3][4] Group 4: Financial Instruments and Services - Shanghai Securities plans to utilize various carbon financial instruments, such as carbon bonds and derivatives, to provide financing solutions for enterprises transitioning to low-carbon operations [3][4] - The company has successfully issued green bonds for projects that contribute to significant carbon emissions reductions, demonstrating its commitment to green finance [6] Group 5: Integration and Collaboration - The integration of carbon finance with other financial services is essential for meeting diverse corporate needs in green development and transformation [6] - Shanghai Securities is focused on creating synergies between investment banking, asset management, and green finance to enhance its service capabilities [6][7]
以碳金融为钥 启绿色金融新局
Zhong Guo Zheng Quan Bao· 2025-08-21 20:11
Core Viewpoint - The development of carbon finance is crucial for supporting China's dual carbon goals and enhancing the role of financial institutions in the green economy [1][5][7] Group 1: Policy and Strategic Framework - In June 2025, the Central Financial Committee issued opinions to support the construction of Shanghai as an international financial center, emphasizing the importance of carbon finance [1] - The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) has established a comprehensive policy framework for carbon finance, including guidelines for the development of carbon futures and emissions trading [2] Group 2: Role of Shanghai Securities - Shanghai Securities recognizes carbon finance as a key pathway to fulfill its mission of serving the national strategy and promoting green financial development [2][6] - The company has initiated various projects, such as the establishment of a carbon emissions trading investment trust plan in 2015 and the creation of a green finance research center in 2022 [2][6] Group 3: Market Potential and Functionality - The carbon market in China is still in its early stages, with only 18 brokerage firms authorized to participate in carbon emissions trading, indicating significant growth potential [3] - The company aims to enhance resource allocation, risk management, and price discovery functions within the carbon finance market [3][4] Group 4: Integration and Innovation - Carbon finance serves as a core component of green finance, and brokerage firms can contribute by underwriting green bonds and participating in carbon trading [6] - Shanghai Securities has developed innovative financing solutions, such as a green bond issuance for a new energy vehicle project, demonstrating its commitment to supporting low-carbon initiatives [6] Group 5: Commitment to Dual Carbon Goals - The company is dedicated to improving its green finance strategy and actively participating in the carbon market to support the achievement of China's dual carbon goals [7] - Shanghai Securities aims to leverage its expertise and resources to provide comprehensive financial services to enterprises and investors involved in the carbon market [7]
以碳金融为钥启绿色金融新局
Zhong Guo Zheng Quan Bao· 2025-08-21 20:11
Core Viewpoint - The development of carbon finance is crucial for supporting China's dual carbon goals and enhancing the role of financial institutions in facilitating green transformation and innovation [1][5]. Group 1: Policy and Strategic Framework - In June 2025, the Central Financial Committee issued opinions to accelerate the construction of Shanghai as an international financial center, emphasizing the importance of carbon finance [1]. - The regulatory framework for carbon finance in China has been established, including top-level design, product specifications, and market access guidelines [1][2]. - The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) has provided guidance for the development of carbon futures and carbon emission rights futures, encouraging brokerages to engage in carbon finance [1][2]. Group 2: Role of Shanghai Securities - Shanghai Securities has actively participated in the green finance sector, launching various initiatives since 2015, including the establishment of a carbon emission trading investment trust [2]. - The company has set up a Green Finance Research Center to support the development of green finance and has contributed to industry standards and ESG reports [2]. - Shanghai Securities aims to leverage its position to enhance resource allocation, risk management, and price discovery in the carbon finance market [2][3]. Group 3: Market Development and Opportunities - The carbon market in China is still in its infancy, with only 18 brokerages currently authorized to participate in carbon emission trading [2]. - There is a need for regulatory bodies to expand participation and relax market access to facilitate broader engagement in the national carbon trading market [2]. - The carbon finance market requires collaboration among regulatory authorities, market institutions, and enterprises to develop effectively [2]. Group 4: Financial Instruments and Services - Shanghai Securities is exploring various carbon finance instruments, such as carbon bonds and asset-backed financing, to support enterprises in their green transitions [3][4]. - The company is also focusing on risk management through carbon derivatives to help businesses hedge against price volatility in the carbon market [3]. - Enhancing liquidity and price discovery in the carbon market is essential, as evidenced by the low turnover rates compared to international markets [3]. Group 5: Integration and Innovation - The integration of carbon finance with investment banking and asset management is being pursued to create synergies and meet diverse corporate needs [4]. - Shanghai Securities has successfully facilitated green bond issuances for projects that contribute to significant carbon reductions, demonstrating its commitment to sustainable finance [4]. - The company is dedicated to advancing green low-carbon technology innovation and expanding its green financing capabilities [5].
中国首个再生金属衍生品(铸造铝合金期货和期权)上市的战略意义|资本市场
清华金融评论· 2025-08-15 09:30
Core Viewpoint - The launch of the first recycled metal derivatives, specifically casting aluminum alloy futures and options, marks a significant advancement in China's green finance market, providing a new perspective for risk management and supporting the development of the circular economy [2][4][8]. Summary by Sections Launch of Recycled Metal Derivatives - The Shanghai Futures Exchange has officially listed casting aluminum alloy futures and options, filling a gap in the domestic futures market for recycled metals [2][5]. - On the first trading day, the main contract closed at 19,190 yuan/ton, up 825 yuan/ton, a 4.49% increase from the listing price, with a total trading volume of 57,300 contracts and a transaction value of 11.01 billion yuan [5]. Industry Overview - Casting aluminum alloy, primarily made from scrap aluminum, is a key pathway for low-carbon transition, with energy consumption only 3%-5% of that of traditional electrolytic aluminum production [6]. - The carbon emissions from producing one ton of casting aluminum alloy are approximately 3.6% of those from electrolytic aluminum, saving 3.4 tons of standard coal and 22 tons of water [6]. - China's recycled aluminum production is expected to exceed 10 million tons in 2024 and reach over 18 million tons by 2030, with the new derivatives promoting standardized development in the industry [6]. Complete Aluminum Industry Chain - The introduction of casting aluminum alloy futures and options completes the risk hedging system for the aluminum industry, covering the entire supply chain from bauxite to recycled aluminum [7]. - Companies can now use these derivatives to manage risks associated with raw material costs and product price fluctuations, enhancing the resilience of the entire aluminum industry chain [7]. Green Finance and Risk Management - The emergence of casting aluminum alloy derivatives signifies a new phase in green finance, moving beyond traditional credit and bond products to include market-based pricing and risk hedging mechanisms [8][10]. - These derivatives allow companies to lock in costs for recycled materials and manage price volatility, thus enhancing operational efficiency and competitiveness in the low-carbon economy [8][10]. Innovation in Green Financial Products - The derivatives market introduces innovative functions for green finance, transitioning from single financing tools to comprehensive risk management platforms [11]. - The development of structured financial products that combine futures with green indicators, such as carbon emissions and recycling rates, is encouraged [16]. Recommendations for Financial Institutions - Financial institutions are advised to expand their green finance product offerings and enhance competitive differentiation, particularly in the carbon market, where China's trading volume is significantly lower than that of the EU [16][18]. - Collaboration between banks and futures exchanges is essential to create a comprehensive risk management system that supports the green transition of the real economy [15][18].