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青藏高原人工草地面积 34年来增加2.4倍
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-07-09 01:22
原标题:青藏高原人工草地面积 34年来增加2.4倍 科技日报讯 (记者颉满斌)记者7月7日从兰州大学获悉,该校教授贺金生团队研究发现,从1988 年到2021年,青藏高原人工草地面积增加了2.4倍,其中青海省的增长尤为突出。相关研究日前发表在 国际期刊《地球系统科学数据》上。 受气候变化和人类活动增强的影响,过去30年间,青藏高原部分地区的天然草地出现了不同程度的 退化。人工草地是天然草地的补充,其快速发展带来的生态影响引发学界关注。 贺金生团队构建的随机森林二值分类模型,使用了精选训练样本训练,而后在两个气候地貌迥异的 试验区进行验证,结果显示,模型总体精度达97%,表明该模型适用于青藏高原人工草地制图。研究首 次基于卫星遥感数据,构建了自1988年以来34年间的青藏高原人工草地分布数据集。 此外,研究表明,由于定义不统一,各类统计数据所反映的人工草地变化趋势与遥感数据并不完全 吻合,未来还需进一步科学评估天然草地转变为人工草地后所带来的生态和环境效应。 据介绍,该研究明确了青藏高原人工草地的空间分布信息,为促进青藏高原的生态保护和草牧业的 高质量发展提供了理论支撑。 "我们通过为期3年的大量野外考察,明确 ...
奏响新时代“黄河大合唱”的草牧乐章——来自沿黄省份的一线调研
Ren Min Ri Bao· 2025-07-03 21:59
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of promoting a comprehensive green transformation in development and enhancing the quality of the Yellow River Basin's ecological and agricultural systems, particularly through the advancement of grass and livestock industries [1]. Group 1: Grass and Livestock Industry Development - The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has launched a three-year project for high-quality development of grass and livestock in the Yellow River Basin, aiming to balance ecological protection with production [1]. - In Qinghai, the mixed planting of forage oats and peas has improved the efficiency of grass production, with fresh grass yield per mu reaching 3.6 tons, a 12% increase compared to previous monoculture practices [2][3]. - The protein content of mixed forage can reach 13%, nearly a 50% increase compared to single-crop oats, leading to reduced reliance on concentrated feed and shortening the fattening period for cattle by 10-15 days [3][4]. Group 2: Technological Innovations in Forage Production - The introduction of membrane hole sowing technology in Gansu has increased seedling emergence rates by 18% and survival rates by 15%, significantly improving the economic viability of forage production [6]. - The use of acid fertilizers instead of alkaline ones in saline-alkali soils has enhanced the effectiveness of fertilization by over 20%, contributing to the successful cultivation of high-quality alfalfa [8]. Group 3: Ecological and Economic Benefits - The implementation of mixed planting and advanced cultivation techniques has led to a 20% reduction in soil erosion rates and improved vegetation coverage in regions like Gansu [6]. - In Henan, the rotation of alfalfa with grain crops has improved soil fertility, with pH levels decreasing from 8.6 to 8.2 and salt content dropping from 0.3% to 0.2%, resulting in increased crop yields [9].
从“寸草不生”到牧草丰盈 戈壁小镇以草为媒振兴高原乡村
Yang Shi Wang· 2025-06-22 05:38
清晨,第一缕阳光洒下戈壁滩时,牧民伊国凯正忙着把自家的羊赶出羊圈,今天他要给家里的羊剪羊毛。这几年,村里家家户户养羊的数 量都成倍增长,剪羊毛就成了一项"大工程",一家忙不过来,于是村民们就自发前去帮忙。 央视网消息:青海省德令哈市尕海镇地处柴达木盆地,这里常年降雨量小、蒸发量大,特殊的地质条件造就了大片戈壁滩和盐碱地,被人 们称为"寸草不生"的"荒凉小城"。这几年,一家企业不仅在这片盐碱地上成功种植了大片优质牧草,还带动周边农户更新技术、种草增收,为 冬季常面临"草荒"的当地牧民带来新的致富机遇。他们是如何做到的呢?《一线调研·民企见闻》将带您了解他们的故事。 伊国凯告诉记者,今年他一共养了1000只羊,每一只都膘肥体壮,这是以前想都不敢想的。以前家里每年就养100多只羊,冬季遇上极端 天气,还会饿死不少。 伊国凯家所在的尕海镇郭里木新村是传统的牧业村,家家户户以养羊为生。每年冬天,大家最犯愁的事就是家里的羊没有草吃。 2019年,这片盐碱地上迎来转机和变化。这一年,一家来自西宁的农牧业龙头企业落户了尕海镇,在当地专注草业发展,将这片盐碱地变 成了一望无际的草场。通过逐步改善盐碱地的土壤条件,青贮玉米、燕麦 ...