分秒必争 为防灾减灾救灾赢得宝贵先机 近日，风云气象卫星服务全球133个国家和地区的消息引发广泛关注。这组在太空中守望地球的"中国 造"天基观测网，正以其卓越性能将科技之光转化为实实在在的民生福祉。从1988年首颗风云气象卫星 成功发射至今，五十余年的发展历程，见证了中国从气象卫星的"跟跑者"到"领跑者"的精彩蜕变。 从"靠天吃饭"到"知天而作" 科技让农业更智慧 在黄淮海平原，农民轻点手机，就能通过智慧农业平台实时掌握作物长势。哪块田缺水、哪片地需要施 肥，风云卫星的遥感图像一目了然。这套系统依托风云四号卫星的高精度探测，配合地面物联网设备， 为农业生产提供精准指导。在东北黑土地，卫星指导的精准施肥减少了化肥用量；在西北干旱区，遥感 监测显著提升了灌溉效率。曾经"靠天吃饭"的传统农业，正在向"知天而作"的智慧农业转型升级。 从"跟跑"到"领跑" 展现中国全球担当 通过世界气象组织，中国向全球共享风云卫星数据。风云二号H星定点于东经79度，覆盖亚太乃至"一 带一路"沿线地区；风云四号A星在国际上首次实现垂直探测与成像同平台工作。从周边国家的洪水监 测、干旱预警，到极地科考的气象支持，中国正从气象科技的"跟跑者 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights significant advancements in meteorological services during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing improved forecasting accuracy and the establishment of a comprehensive meteorological observation network [1][3][19]. Group 1: Meteorological Infrastructure Development - China has launched five Fengyun meteorological satellites, achieving the world's first regional continuous imaging observation with a resolution of 250 meters per minute [3]. - A radar monitoring network consisting of 842 weather radars has been established, covering over 90% of population-dense areas [3]. - More than 90,000 ground meteorological observation stations have been built nationwide [3]. Group 2: Data Sharing and Utilization - The meteorological sector has shared over 100 types of meteorological data products, including refined intelligent grid forecasting products, with 153 countries and regions [6]. - A global ground climate dataset spanning 176 years has been released for the first time, with a spatial resolution of 10 kilometers for global atmospheric reanalysis products [6]. - Meteorological data identifiers have been issued over 980,000 times, supporting 140,000 application scenarios across various industries [6]. Group 3: Public Services and Technology Integration - The number of meteorological service indices has increased to over 70, integrating meteorological information into major media and mainstream services [9]. - New technologies such as IoT, 5G, and AI have enabled the public to access real-time meteorological information through mobile devices and wearables [9]. - The development of a seamless, all-encompassing intelligent digital meteorological forecasting system has been achieved [19]. Group 4: Agricultural Support and Risk Management - Meteorological departments are collaborating with agricultural sectors to provide disaster risk warnings and enhance agricultural resilience through insurance services [13]. - The implementation of the "Meteorological Services for Agriculture Quality Improvement and Efficiency Enhancement Action Plan" is ongoing [13]. Group 5: International Cooperation and Training - An independently developed early warning system is being utilized by over 40 countries, contributing to global early warning initiatives [15]. - The "Mazu" plan aims to provide training for 2,000 personnel and offers 100 scholarship opportunities and 50 visiting scholar positions over the next three years [16][15]. Group 6: Technological Advancements in Forecasting - Numerical forecasting capabilities have improved, with the usable forecast days for the Northern Hemisphere increasing from 7.9 to 8 days, nearing international advanced levels [19]. - The accuracy of heavy rain forecasts has improved by 10% compared to the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, with monthly and seasonal climate prediction levels increasing by 2.3% and 5.1%, respectively [20].

Core Insights - The article highlights the rapid modernization and high-quality development of China's meteorological services during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing the importance of meteorology in public safety, economic development, and ecological protection [1][2]. Group 1: Meteorological Modernization - China has established a comprehensive meteorological observation system consisting of 9 Fengyun satellites, 842 weather radars, and over 90,000 ground observation stations, achieving a disaster weather monitoring rate of 83% and a 13% improvement in severe convective weather warning time [2][3]. - The meteorological services now cover over 70 major sectors of the national economy, with significant contributions to emergency response mechanisms and economic loss reduction through artificial precipitation and hail prevention operations [2][3]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The development of Fengyun satellites and weather radars represents a significant leap in meteorological technology, with China now having the world's largest and most comprehensive observation system [3]. - During the "14th Five-Year Plan," five Fengyun satellites were launched, and the number of countries accessing the Fengyun satellite application service platform increased by 107%, with a 266% rise in service requests from international users [3]. Group 3: Enhanced Meteorological Services - The accuracy of weather forecasts has reached historical highs, with a 10% improvement in heavy rain forecast accuracy compared to the previous five-year period, and urban weather forecasts achieving an accuracy rate of over 80% [4][5]. - The meteorological service has expanded to include over 70 types of life-related weather service indices, providing detailed forecasts and recommendations for various daily activities [5].

Group 1 - The article emphasizes China's commitment to international cooperation and the successful implementation of various projects, including meteorological collaboration, which reflects the achievements of the Belt and Road Initiative [1][2] - The China-Arab cooperation has expanded in depth and breadth, focusing on customized services, technology sharing, and talent cultivation, showcasing a strong foundation for future collaborations [1][2] - The article highlights the potential for international cooperation in addressing common challenges such as water resource scarcity and climate change, which provides a basis for collaboration between China and Arab countries [2][3] Group 2 - The establishment of the China-Arab Agricultural Technology Transfer Center in Ningxia aims to provide comprehensive solutions to countries like Mauritania and Morocco, enhancing local development capabilities [3] - China's position as the largest trading partner of Arab countries has evolved from trade and project contracting to rule alignment, knowledge sharing, and mechanism building, indicating the limitless potential for further cooperation [3]

Group 1 - The article highlights the significance of international cooperation between China and Arab countries, particularly in addressing common challenges such as water scarcity and climate change, which provides a foundation for collaboration [1][2] - Various projects, including meteorological cooperation, have been successfully implemented, showcasing China's commitment to openness and the achievements of the Belt and Road Initiative, contributing positively to the global economy [1][2] - The exhibition serves as a platform for establishing connections, demonstrating China's industrial, technological, and market advantages, which are essential for high-level foreign trade [2][3] Group 2 - The establishment of the China-Arab Agricultural Technology Transfer Center in Ningxia aims to provide comprehensive solutions in countries like Mauritania and Morocco, enhancing local development capabilities [3] - China's continuous position as the largest trading partner of Arab countries reflects the deepening cooperation that extends beyond trade to include rule alignment, knowledge sharing, and mechanism building [3]

Core Points - The article highlights the significant development and achievements of the People's Meteorological Service over the past 80 years, emphasizing its role in national modernization and disaster prevention [2][3][5][7]. Group 1: Historical Development - The People's Meteorological Service was established in 1945 during wartime to support the victory of the Anti-Japanese War and has since evolved significantly, reflecting the importance placed on meteorology by the central government [2][3]. - The service has transitioned from a nascent organization to a robust entity, showcasing the advantages of the socialist system in China [2][3]. Group 2: Disaster Prevention and Response - The service plays a crucial role in disaster prevention, having reduced the average annual death toll from meteorological disasters from approximately 1,300 during the 12th Five-Year Plan to below 800 in recent years, and the economic losses as a percentage of GDP decreased from 0.6% to 0.3% [3][4]. - The establishment of the "Mazu" early warning brand has gained international recognition, with applications in countries like Mongolia, Pakistan, and Djibouti [3][4]. Group 3: Economic and Social Contributions - The meteorological service has expanded its support across over 70 sectors of the national economy, including agriculture, energy, transportation, and finance, integrating deeply into the modern economic system [3][4]. - It has become one of the most widely covered and highly rated public services, essential for daily life and major infrastructure safety [3][4]. Group 4: Modernization and Technological Advancements - The service has made significant strides in modernization, with a comprehensive meteorological observation system achieving over 80% monitoring rate and advanced satellite and radar technologies [5][6]. - The development of a seamless forecasting system allows for regional weather predictions up to 7 days in advance, with a 24-hour rainfall forecast accuracy at an internationally advanced level [5][6]. Group 5: Future Directions - The focus will be on enhancing the capabilities of meteorological technology, integrating AI and quantum computing, and improving data sharing and utilization [6][8]. - There is a commitment to fostering a skilled workforce and enhancing public meteorological services to support rural revitalization and urban development [6][8].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant development and achievements of China's meteorological services over the past 80 years, emphasizing the importance of serving the nation and the people as the foundation of the meteorological industry [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Development - The People's Meteorological Service was established in 1945 in Yan'an, Shaanxi, and has undergone transformative growth from non-existence to a robust system, reflecting the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics [1]. - The service has played a crucial role in disaster prevention and mitigation, with the average annual death toll from meteorological disasters decreasing from approximately 1,300 during the 12th Five-Year Plan to below 800 in recent years [1]. - Economic losses from meteorological disasters have also reduced, with the proportion of GDP affected dropping from 0.6% to 0.3% [1]. Group 2: Modernization and Technological Advancements - The modernization of meteorological services is seen as a vital part of China's overall modernization efforts, with a focus on high-quality development and innovation [2][5]. - The establishment of a comprehensive meteorological observation system has led to a disaster monitoring rate exceeding 80%, and the country has developed the world's largest weather radar network with 842 units [2]. - The accuracy of weather forecasts has improved significantly, with a 24-hour rainfall forecast accuracy rate reaching international advanced levels and a 62-kilometer average error in typhoon path predictions [2]. Group 3: Future Directions and Goals - The meteorological sector aims to enhance its service capabilities by integrating advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and quantum computing into meteorological applications [4][6]. - There is a commitment to developing personalized and customized meteorological services to better meet the needs of the public and support rural revitalization and urban development [2][5]. - The focus will also be on ecological protection and climate change adaptation, with initiatives to improve the quality of wind and solar energy forecasts and promote the value of climate ecological products [2][5].

Core Viewpoint - The articles highlight the importance of international cooperation in meteorology and climate resilience, particularly emphasizing China's role in supporting developing countries through technology transfer and capacity building in meteorological services [1][2][5]. Group 1: International Cooperation and Initiatives - The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit emphasized enhancing environmental cooperation among member states to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change [2]. - The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) president noted that China has been a leading entity in cross-border ecological protection and meteorological cooperation, particularly through its "South-South Cooperation" initiative [2][5]. - China is actively involved in providing financial support, technology transfer, and training to developing countries, especially in Africa, to improve their meteorological observation and early warning systems [2][3]. Group 2: Technological Advancements and Applications - The establishment of a meteorological satellite data application center in collaboration with the UAE aims to enhance remote sensing capabilities and data sharing [3]. - The "MAZU" early warning system developed in China has been recognized for its contributions to global climate resilience efforts [3]. - The Guangdong region is highlighted as a key platform for China's meteorological technology cooperation, showcasing advancements in extreme weather response and early warning systems [4][5]. Group 3: Future Expectations and Goals - The WMO president expressed the expectation for Guangdong to further develop a regional disaster prevention and reduction cooperation center, sharing its successful experiences with other countries [5]. - There is a call for continued innovation in meteorological science, technology, and policy to help developing countries bridge capacity gaps and build climate resilience [5]. - The articles suggest that China's leadership in international meteorological cooperation is becoming increasingly significant, particularly through multilateral platforms like the WMO and the China-Africa Cooperation Mechanism [5].

Core Viewpoint - China is collaborating with UAE, Jordan, and Egypt to enhance meteorological capabilities through the establishment of a meteorological satellite data application center, early warning systems, and AI models, aiming to improve disaster weather forecasting and promote AI technology in the Arab region [1] Group 1: Meteorological Collaboration - China and UAE will jointly build a meteorological satellite data application center focusing on data sharing frameworks and remote sensing application technology planning [1] - The Fengyun meteorological satellite data platform has connected with 17 Arab countries, providing 40 types of products and services across four major categories [1] - China has been providing high-frequency, customized monitoring services to Gulf countries for several consecutive years [1] Group 2: Early Warning Systems - China will collaborate with Jordan to develop a localized early warning system using high-performance computing resources, AI meteorological models, and AI early warning algorithms [1] - The aim is to effectively deploy and apply disaster weather warnings in various scenarios [1]

Core Viewpoint - The China-Arab States Expo has initiated several practical cooperation projects between the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) and the UAE National Meteorological Center, focusing on meteorological satellite data application and capacity building [1][2] Group 1: Cooperation Initiatives - The CMA and the UAE National Meteorological Center will establish a meteorological satellite data application center, focusing on data sharing frameworks, remote sensing application technology planning, and joint talent cultivation [1] - The CMA has already signed a memorandum of cooperation on meteorological satellites with the UAE in April, and the China Fengyun meteorological satellite data platform has connected with 17 Arab countries, providing 40 types of products and services [1] - The CMA will collaborate with Jordan and other countries to develop the "MAZU" early warning system, tailored to local needs, utilizing Fengyun satellites, numerical weather prediction models, AI meteorological models, and early warning algorithms [1] Group 2: Technological Development - The CMA is also working with the Egyptian Meteorological Authority to develop and apply AI-driven meteorological models to enhance disaster weather forecasting and warning capabilities [1] - The focus on AI technology aims to promote its development and application in the meteorological field across the Arab region [1][2] Group 3: International Cooperation - The CMA emphasizes international cooperation in disaster prevention and reduction, aligning with the Belt and Road Initiative, covering areas such as weather forecasting, meteorological satellite applications, and disaster monitoring and early warning [2]