美国康奈尔大学研究人员受鸟类羽毛启发，制备出目前已知最黑的纺织面料。该工艺适用于羊毛、丝 绸、棉等天然纤维。相关论文发表于新一期《自然·通讯》杂志。 该方法不仅制备出当前最黑的织物，且工艺简单、易于推广。所得面料穿着舒适，黑色效果稳定，不随 观察角度改变而减弱。 研究显示，丽色掩鼻风鸟羽毛的深黑色源于其中丰富的黑色素与紧密排列的羽小枝结构，后者能使光线 在内部反复偏转、几乎被完全吸收。类似的超黑结构也存在于某些鱼类与蝴蝶身上。 在实验中，团队选用聚多巴胺这一合成黑色素作为染料，并通过等离子体蚀刻去除纤维表层部分物质， 形成尖刺状纳米纤维。光线在纤维间多次反射而不易逸出，从而实现卓越的吸光效果。 （文章来源：科技日报） "超黑"材料通常指光线反射率低于0.5%的物质，在相机镜头、太阳能电池板及天文望远镜等领域具有重 要应用价值。然而，这类材料不仅制备困难，且往往在特定视角下会出现反光变浅的问题。 团队从丽色掩鼻风鸟羽毛的深邃黑色中获得灵感。他们先以聚多巴胺对白色美利奴羊毛针织物进行染 色，再通过等离子体蚀刻技术在纤维表面构建纳米结构。这些结构模仿了丽色掩鼻风鸟羽毛捕捉光线的 机制，吸收了绝大部分入射光，呈现出极 ...

Core Insights - A new three-dimensional organoid named "Budoid" has been developed by a team at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, showcasing key features of limb development, including symmetry breaking and early cartilage formation [1][2] Group 1: Research and Development - The research published in the latest issue of "Science Advances" highlights the role of chemical signaling between different cell types during early embryonic development, particularly in limb formation [1] - The study addresses the challenges of researching the short-lived Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) cells, which guide the growth of underlying cells to form bones, cartilage, and connective tissues [1] - The team cultivated a mixed cell population from mouse embryonic stem cells that naturally formed AER, surface ectoderm, and mesoderm cells, covering all major cell types involved in limb development [1] Group 2: Applications and Implications - "Budoid" provides a novel practical system for exploring difficult areas in embryonic development, such as how cells coordinate behavior, how early structures develop, and how cartilage forms [2] - The potential applications of this research extend beyond basic studies to congenital disease modeling, testing chemicals that may impair limb development, and even promoting regenerative medicine applications [2]

近日，工业和信息化部办公厅公布了2025年未来产业创新任务揭榜挂帅入围名单，山东国耀量子雷达科 技有限公司（以下简称"国耀量子"）凭借"碳监测光量子雷达"技术入围量子科技方向揭榜名单。 12月2日，科技日报记者来到国耀量子，该公司总经理申屠国樑指着一台光量子雷达介绍："传统激光雷 达绘制一张360度的大气污染地图需要1小时，光量子雷达只需5—8分钟，就能快速捕捉污染源产生、飘 动、消逝的过程，6公里内准确率95%。" 济南市科技局高新技术发展处相关负责人介绍，目前，济南已布设15台上述设备，组建了全国首个"颗 粒物光量子雷达监测网络"，基本实现主城区全覆盖。 "此次成功入围，是我们在量子精密测量与绿色低碳技术融合领域长期深耕的成果。"申屠国樑表示，针 对传统碳监测技术在精度、抗干扰性、复杂环境适应性等方面的痛点，国耀量子组建专项研发团队攻坚 突破，形成了碳监测光量子雷达技术方案。该技术依托量子态的独特物理特性，可实现对工业碳排放源 的精准溯源、实时监测与数据核验，为"双碳"目标落地提供更高效、可靠的技术支撑。 国耀量子是济南量子科技落地产业化的众多案例之一。"布局量子产业，济南在国内城市中走在前 列。"济南量 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the successful development of a miniaturized quantum communication prototype that can receive signals from tens of kilometers away, providing a new communication method for military operations in challenging environments [1][2] - The current military communication methods face challenges in mountainous and canyon areas, where traditional systems often fail to maintain connectivity. The new quantum communication technology aims to overcome these limitations by offering long-range and strong penetration capabilities [1] - The development team has innovated a new signal reception mechanism, reducing the size of the receiving array to centimeters and the overall weight of the device to below 3 kilograms, making it suitable for individual soldiers to carry for emergency deployment [1] Group 2 - The center responsible for this development emphasizes the integration of operational needs with technological advancements, focusing on the application of cutting-edge technologies like quantum information in military communications [2] - The organization is working on over 20 functional topics to enhance combat effectiveness and support capabilities, aligning with the military's core competency development goals [2] - Future developments in quantum-based communication, computing, and detection devices are expected to transition from laboratory settings to practical military training environments, potentially leading to a new generation of equipment that enhances the military's network and information capabilities [2]

Core Insights - The research team led by Professors Zhang Junjie and Tao Xutang from Shandong University has achieved a significant breakthrough in nickel-based superconductors, developing a new material that sets a record for the highest superconducting transition temperature (Tc) in this category at 96K (-177.15℃) [1][2] Group 1: Research Breakthroughs - The newly developed nickel-based superconductor surpasses previous records, with the highest Tc now at 96K, compared to the previous maximum of 83K (-190.15℃) [1] - The research was published in the international journal "Nature," highlighting its importance in the field of high-temperature superconductors [1] Group 2: Methodology and Innovations - The team introduced a novel method called "atmospheric pressure flux method," utilizing potassium carbonate as a flux to grow single crystals at atmospheric pressure, which reduces costs and enhances the feasibility of crystal preparation [2] - A key finding of the research is the correlation between lattice distortion and superconducting temperature, indicating that greater lattice distortion leads to higher Tc [1][2]

记者3日从湖北武汉岱家山科创城获悉，岱家山数字环保传感器中试平台正式投用，标志着岱家山数智 传感产业园开启实体化运行。此前，岱家山数智传感产业加速器已牵头组建湖北省首个"智能传感器产 业链质量技术创新联合体"。 岱家山数智传感产业园是"汉口数字智谷"的组成部分，占地面积57.4亩，总投资2.5亿元。其采用"区属 国企+村改制企业"合作架构，致力于促进科技创新与产业创新融合发展，打造集研发、孵化、生产、 服务于一体的现代化产业园区。 "智能传感器产业链质量技术创新联合体"则整合武汉市各方资源力量，将"标准质量""技术研发""产业 孵化"三大功能模块有机融合。针对技术转化难、产品质量提升难、产业集聚难等痛点，该联合体提 供"家门口"的专业化质量技术支撑，缩短产品研发周期，提升企业核心竞争力。 为此，武汉江岸经济开发投资有限公司与武汉岱家山兴城实业发展有限公司共同出资设立武汉岱家山智 谷科产融合科技发展有限公司（以下简称"智谷科产"），负责岱家山数智传感产业园及配套中试平台运 营工作。 （文章来源：科技日报） 岱家山数智传感产业园聚焦智慧传感、数谷概念等前沿领域，重点吸引人工智能产业链上下游企业入 驻。智谷科产出资 ...

科技日报北京12月3日电 （记者张佳欣）每一秒，都有数以万亿计的微小"包裹"在人的血液中穿 行，在体内细胞之间传递重要信息。这些被科学家称为"分子信使"的微粒，实际上是细胞外囊泡。如 今，澳大利亚贝克心脏与糖尿病研究所研究团队首次绘制出了细胞外囊泡的完整分子组分，并以前所未 有的细致程度呈现了信使携带的内容。相关论文发表于最新一期《自然细胞生物学》杂志。 为了让更多人能够了解这一发现，研究团队还开发了名为EVMap的互动式在线资源，免费向全球 科研人员开放。该平台整合了细胞外囊泡的完整分子组分信息，可用于样本比对、机制研究和潜在临床 标志物开发，或将显著提升相关研究的效率。 几十年来，科学界一直试图解析这些纳米级微粒的组成，但血液本身结构复杂，含有大量胆固醇、 抗体和其他纳米颗粒，导致在实验中难以将细胞外囊泡准确分离出来。由于缺乏对细胞外囊泡结构成分 的完整认识，科学家始终无法真正理解它们在体内承担的信息传递功能。 在最新研究中，团队利用超纯分离技术结合多组学分析，对健康人群血浆中的细胞外囊泡进行了系 统解析，最终识别出构成细胞外囊泡核心结构的182种蛋白质和52种脂类。他们还找到了另一组能够将 细胞外囊泡与 ...

科技日报讯 （记者江耘）记者从浙江大学获悉，中国科学院院士、浙江大学航空航天学院交叉力 学中心主任杨卫团队和中国科学院院士、浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院院长蔡秀军团队，历时3年交 叉研究，阐明了"基于活结的力学传导机制"，并创新性研发出"活结智能缝线（Sliputure）"，成功将其 应用于外科缝合，弥补了机器人手术"力盲"缺陷。该研究成果日前以封面文章的形式发表于国际期刊 《自然》。 历经上千次设计迭代，团队完成了"基于活结的力学传导机制"的程序，并最终成功将这一力学"密 码"稳定地"编织"进外科缝线中，研发出Sliputure。 文章通讯作者、浙江大学航空航天学院交叉力学中心教授李铁风说，Sliputure将力学智能融入外科 缝线，其核心在于给活结预设的打开力，刚好等于缝合某一组织时适宜打死结的力。机械臂搭载的自动 识别与反馈系统检测到活结打开信号，会立即停止打"外科结"的动作，实现"感知—反馈—制动"的闭环 控制。 外科手术中闭合组织时需要缝合打结，但"外科结"普遍是死结，一旦打牢很难调整，非常依赖医生 的精巧施力。文章通讯作者、浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院医师陈鸣宇介绍，在传统开放手术中，医 生的双手 ...

Core Insights - The research team from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne has developed a new three-dimensional organoid called "Budoid," which exhibits key features of developing limbs, including symmetry breaking and early cartilage formation [1][2] Group 1: Research and Development - The study published in the journal "Science Advances" highlights the importance of chemical signaling between different cell types during the early stages of embryonic development, particularly in limb formation [1] - Previous organoid models focused mainly on mesodermal cells, neglecting the role of the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) and other ectodermal cells in guiding limb formation [2] - The "Budoid" was created using mixed cell populations derived from mouse embryonic stem cells, which naturally formed structures resembling AER, superficial ectoderm, and mesoderm cells, covering all major cell types involved in limb development [2] Group 2: Applications and Implications - "Budoid" provides a novel platform for exploring difficult-to-study areas in embryonic development, such as how cells coordinate behavior, how early structures develop, and how cartilage forms [2] - The implications of this research extend beyond basic science, potentially aiding in congenital disease modeling, testing chemicals that may impair limb development, and advancing regenerative medicine applications [2] - The new stem cell-based approach offers a more ethical alternative to traditional animal experiments in biomedical research, allowing for the reproduction of key embryonic tissue features without the need for large numbers of embryos [3]

Core Viewpoint - The recent launch of the Zhuque-3 rocket by Blue Arrow Aerospace marks China's first attempt at orbital-level recovery verification for reusable rockets, despite the failure of the first stage recovery during landing, highlighting the challenges and complexities involved in rocket recovery technology [1][2]. Group 1: Launch and Recovery Challenges - The Zhuque-3 rocket successfully completed its flight mission, with the second stage entering the designated orbit, but the first stage experienced an abnormal burn during landing, resulting in a failed recovery test [1]. - The recovery of rockets is highly complex, requiring perfect coordination of sensors, grid fins, flight control algorithms, and variable thrust engines, with many issues only becoming apparent during real flight tests [1]. Group 2: Comparison with Global Peers - Compared to the United States, China's commercial space industry is relatively new and has a weaker technological foundation; however, the progress in developing reusable rockets is commendable [2]. - SpaceX, founded in 2002, took 13 years to master rocket recovery technology, while Blue Origin, established in 2000, achieved success with its New Glenn rocket 25 years later; in contrast, Blue Arrow Aerospace, founded in 2015, has already entered the orbital recovery testing phase with the Zhuque-3 [2]. Group 3: Industry Environment and Public Perception - The commercial space sector is an important complement to the national space team, characterized by efficiency, flexibility, low costs, and a willingness to take risks; fostering an environment that embraces failure is crucial for its development [2]. - Following the failure of the Zhuque-3 recovery test, social media reactions were largely supportive and encouraging, reflecting a public understanding of the risks associated with commercial space endeavors and confidence in national technological progress [2].