"'零交通事故'是自动驾驶系统不断成熟要达到的终极目标，要实现这一目标，可借鉴汽车排放最终实 现'近零排放'的演进路径。"中国工程院院士、清华大学教授李骏解释，汽车排放"近零"目标是在测试设 备越来越精准完善的引领下实现的，相类似地，预期功能安全测试能力越来越强也将引领自动驾驶系统 向"零事故"的方向发展。 安全测试的要点与环境测试不同。清华大学车辆与运载学院副研究员王红告诉科技日报记者，一些自动 驾驶系统白天工作正常，晚上却出现问题，还有一些在极端场景中"宕机"，都是由于在训练的过程中缺 乏必要的环境要素测试和校正。 我国智能网联汽车发展迅猛，但由智能驾驶系统导致的交通安全事故也引发关注，暴露出汽车智能化、 网联化发展过程中的安全"痛点"。 9月12日，工业和信息化部等八部门印发《汽车行业稳增长工作方案（2025—2026年）》，明确"有条件 批准L3级车型生产准入"。 如何以安全领域的技术创新推动我国汽车产业智能网联技术的产业化应用？9月13日—14日，2025世界 智能安全大会在陕西西安举办，百余名全球科技领域顶尖专家、多名中外院士围绕自动驾驶技术发展趋 势和安全挑战展开深度研讨。与会专家认为，L3级车 ...

【总编辑圈点】 曾有实验室用可视化装置对地球上空的空间碎片进行可视化动态呈现。直观来看，地球仿佛被各种线条 缠绕包裹，太空垃圾可谓密密麻麻。这些太空垃圾迟早会成为大麻烦，清理地球轨道势在必行。此次， 科研人员提出一种新方案，让卫星可在保持自身稳定的同时，发射等离子体，使太空垃圾减速并重返大 气层。这一系统高效、安全，且成本较低，具有可推广性。清理太空垃圾是人类的责任，我们必须以对 未来负责的态度严肃面对这一课题。 研究团队此次提出并验证了一种创新解决方案。该方法通过清除卫星发射的等离子体，减缓太空垃圾运 行速度，促使其脱离轨道并在重返大气层时燃烧殆尽。然而，传统单向喷射会产生强烈反冲，导致清除 卫星偏离目标，削弱减速效果。为此，他们开发出一种"双向等离子体喷射型无电极等离子体推进器"， 可同时向太空垃圾方向和相反方向喷射两股等离子体流，从而抵消反冲力，保持清除卫星稳定。 为增强减速效率，团队还引入名为"尖点"的特殊磁场结构，用以约束等离子体羽流，防止其扩散。在模 拟太空环境的真空管实验中，该系统不仅实现了自我平衡，还使减速力提升至此前研究报道的三倍。 此外，该推进系统采用廉价且丰富的氩气作为工质，具备良好的经 ...

测试表明，该光基芯片对手写数字的分类准确率可达98%，媲美传统电子芯片。研究团队称，这是首次 将此类光学计算集成于芯片，并应用于AI神经网络。他们还证实，该芯片可通过不同颜色的激光同步 处理多路数据流。 科技日报北京9月15日电 （记者刘霞）美国科学家研发出一款光基芯片，可利用光与电协同工作，高效 完成人工智能（AI）中功耗极高的图像识别等任务。新型芯片能效比执行同样任务的传统芯片提升10 倍甚至百倍以上，有望显著缓解AI应用对电力的巨大需求，同时推动更高性能AI系统和模型的发展。 相关研究成果发表于最新一期《先进光子学》杂志。 新型芯片由佛罗里达大学、佛罗里达半导体研究所、加州大学洛杉矶分校及乔治华盛顿大学合作研制。 研究团队将光学元件直接集成于硅芯片之上，构建出一个借助激光与显微透镜进行卷积运算的系统，大 幅降低了执行AI任务时的能耗。卷积运算是机器学习的核心功能，常用于图像、视频和文本中的模式 识别，通常需消耗大量算力。 该芯片采用标准半导体工艺，在芯片表面蚀刻了两组微型菲涅耳透镜。在执行卷积运算时，机器学习数 据首先被转换为激光信号，穿过透镜完成数学变换，最终结果再转回数字信号，以完成AI任务。 随着 ...

Core Insights - A research team from the University of Washington has developed a quantum sensor that operates stably under extreme conditions exceeding 30,000 times atmospheric pressure, enabling high-sensitivity measurements of material stress and magnetism [1][2] Group 1: Quantum Sensor Development - The new quantum sensor utilizes neutron radiation to eject boron atoms from boron nitride sheets, creating vacancies that can immediately capture electrons [1] - The sensor's design allows it to be embedded within two-dimensional materials, with a distance of less than 1 nanometer from the material being studied, significantly enhancing signal resolution [1] Group 2: Applications and Implications - The sensor has demonstrated the ability to detect minute changes in the magnetic fields of two-dimensional magnets, maintaining stability and high sensitivity under high-pressure conditions [2] - This new sensor provides opportunities for superconductivity research, as it can collect more accurate quantum detection data under high pressure, which is crucial for studies related to room-temperature superconductors [2]

Core Insights - The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region's technology transaction post-subsidy program has allocated 68.92 million yuan to support 856 technology transfer projects, enhancing the conversion of scientific achievements into practical applications [1] - The program aims to provide incentives for technology transfer and related services, targeting three main entities: technology demanders, suppliers, and transfer service institutions [1] - The funding is designed to stimulate technological upgrades in local enterprises, fostering high-quality economic development in the region [1] Group 1: Company Initiatives - Inner Mongolia Jinyu Baoling Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. has received 1.436 million yuan in post-subsidy funding, which will be directed towards ongoing R&D projects and capacity expansion [2] - The company is collaborating with Guangdong Lanyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Blue Magpie Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. to develop advanced vaccines, enhancing its technological capabilities and market competitiveness [2] - The funding is expected to support the health of the livestock breeding industry by ensuring the effective application of new technologies [2] Group 2: Industry Impact - The post-subsidy program has been tailored to meet the diverse innovation needs across various sectors, including pharmaceuticals, rare earths, and financial services [3][4] - In the pharmaceutical sector, companies like Lianbang Pharmaceutical (Inner Mongolia) Co., Ltd. are using the subsidies for process upgrades and green technology adoption, aiming to improve product quality and sustainability [3] - The rare earth industry is also benefiting, with companies like China Northern Rare Earth Group investing in new materials and technologies to enhance product value [3] Group 3: Policy Effectiveness - The policy is designed to ensure that subsidies are allocated to key innovation areas, such as green processes and digital transformation in service industries [4] - The program facilitates a seamless integration of academic research and industrial needs, exemplified by Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy Group's project that combines university resources with market demands [6] - The funding not only reduces innovation risks for companies but also promotes a virtuous cycle of research output, industrial application, and market feedback [7]

Core Insights - The event in Xiamen showcased over 100 interactive science popularization projects, emphasizing hands-on experiences in various scientific fields [1][2] - Xiamen has integrated diverse scientific resources and established a collaborative framework involving government, society, and digital empowerment to enhance science popularization [2][3] - The city has seen significant achievements in youth science competitions, with local participants winning a majority of awards in national events, reflecting the effectiveness of its science education initiatives [2] Group 1 - The National Science Popularization Month event featured innovative applications from local tech companies, universities, and research institutions, providing an engaging platform for public interaction [1] - Over 400 science popularization volunteer service activities were conducted during the month, targeting schools, communities, enterprises, and rural areas [1][2] - The event included a variety of activities such as science education, technology training, and community experiments, creating a feedback loop for continuous improvement [1] Group 2 - Xiamen has prioritized science popularization as a key strategy to enhance urban innovation capabilities and improve the scientific literacy of its citizens [2][3] - Policies encourage universities and research institutions to open their facilities and convert research outcomes into popular science resources, aligning with local industrial development [3] - The city has made significant progress in global technology rankings, moving up 31 places in three years, indicating a strong correlation between science popularization and technological innovation [3]

此次团队开发出名为"化学液体沉积"的新工艺，首次实现了在溶液中的硅片上大面积沉积咪唑基金属有 机抗蚀剂，并能以纳米级精度调控涂层厚度。该方法通过调节金属种类与有机分子的组合，灵活调整材 料对特定波长辐射的响应效率。 研究显示，至少有10种金属和数百种有机物可用于构建此类材料体系，为未来优化提供了广阔空间。例 如，锌虽不适用于当前极紫外光刻，却在B-EUV波段表现出优异性能。团队相信，这项技术有望在未 来十年内投入工业应用。（记者张梦然） 为此，美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学、布鲁克海文国家实验室及劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室，联合中国华东 理工大学、苏州大学，以及瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院共同展开研究，探索使用金属有机材料作为新型抗蚀 剂。这类材料由金属离子（如锌）与有机配体（如咪唑）构成，在B-EUV辐射下能高效吸收光子并产 生电子，从而引发化学变化，精确地在硅片上形成纳米级电路图案。此前研究已证明其潜力，但如何在 晶圆尺度上均匀、可控地沉积此类材料仍是难题。 一个国际联合团队在微芯片制造领域取得关键突破：他们开发出一种新型材料与工艺，可生产出更小、 更快、更低成本的高性能芯片。该研究结合实验与建模手段，为下一代芯片制造奠定 ...

何文龙还介绍了兆瓦级长脉冲回旋管在热核聚变中的应用，团队设计的回旋管实现了核心技术突破，成 为国内首台成功应用于热核聚变的电子加热设备。"未来，核聚变用回旋管将沿着提升性能及深化国际 合作的方向大步迈进，为实现核聚变能源的商业化利用奠定坚实基础。"何文龙表示。 在自由发言环节，与会专家围绕推动产业结合、加速研发效率以及新型制造工艺等话题，结合研究专长 发表各自见解。冯进军建议高功率电磁波源的研究应在健康医疗领域找寻关键应用。北京航空航天大学 教授阮存军团队分享了大功率宽带毫米波及太赫兹真空电子器件的关键技术，指出器件正朝着高频化、 宽带化、小型化方向发展，并建议推进工艺创新，提升器件性能和可靠性。杜朝海建议要加速技术迭代 与产业化，注重跨学科人才培养和技术梯队建设，为行业可持续发展提供坚实人才支撑。安徽华东光电 技术研究所有限公司总工程师席洪柱分享了高频段电磁波源器件的关键技术，强调应加强工艺创新，推 动器件向小型化、低成本方向发展，以拓展应用场景，提升市场竞争力。中国科学院空天信息创新研究 院研究员丁海兵建议，推进器件模块化设计，以降低研发与实验的人力、物力投入，提升研发效率。合 肥综合性国家科学中心能源研 ...

科技日报记者 刘园园 日前，国家发展改革委、国家能源局印发的《新型储能规模化建设专项行动方案（2025-2027年）》 （以下简称《行动方案》）公布。《行动方案》旨在发挥新型储能支撑建设新型能源体系和新型电力系 统作用，培育能源领域新质生产力，进一步扩大内需，推动新型储能规模化建设和高质量发展。 《行动方案》提出，2027年，新型储能基本实现规模化、市场化发展，技术创新水平和装备制造能力稳 居全球前列，市场机制、商业模式、标准体系基本成熟健全，适应新型电力系统稳定运行的多元储能体 系初步建成；全国新型储能装机规模达到1.8亿千瓦以上，带动项目直接投资约2500亿元，新型储能技 术路线仍以锂离子电池储能为主，各类技术路线及应用场景进一步丰富。 "'双碳'目标引领下，新能源快速发展，系统调峰、电力保供压力不断增大，作为重要的灵活性调节资 源，新型储能成为构建新型电力系统的客观需要。"国家能源局有关负责同志表示，新的形势下，为推 动新型储能产业高质量发展，亟需进一步明确新型储能应用拓展、创新融合及市场机制等方面举措要 求。 该有关负责同志介绍，"十四五"以来，我国新型储能快速发展，截至2024年底，全国新型储能装机 ...

Economic Overview - In August, the national economy maintained overall stability and progress, with a focus on strengthening macro policy adjustments and promoting a unified national market [1] - The industrial added value above designated size grew by 5.2% year-on-year in August, with mining, manufacturing, and electricity sectors showing growth rates of 5.1%, 5.7%, and 2.4% respectively [1] Industrial Performance - The equipment manufacturing sector's added value increased by 8.1%, while high-tech manufacturing saw a growth of 9.3%, outperforming the overall industrial growth by 2.9 and 4.1 percentage points respectively [1] - From January to August, the industrial added value above designated size grew by 6.2% year-on-year [1] Profitability - From January to July, the total profit of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 40,204 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year decline of 1.7% [1] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) reached 326,111 billion yuan from January to August, marking a year-on-year increase of 0.5%, with a 4.2% growth when excluding real estate development investment [2] - Investment in high-tech industries such as information services, aerospace equipment manufacturing, and computer and office equipment manufacturing grew by 34.1%, 28.0%, and 12.6% year-on-year respectively [2]