Core Insights - The Qinghai Salt Lake Research Institute is the only national research institution in China and globally dedicated to salt lake research, leading the construction of world-class salt lake industrial bases [1] - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the institute established a "Green High-Value Utilization Laboratory for Salt Lake Resources" and received support for building one of the top ten national scientific innovation platforms in Qinghai Province [1] - The institute is involved in 140 major national scientific tasks with a total funding of approximately 270 million yuan, focusing on the extraction and separation of difficult-to-utilize potassium and lithium resources, isotope separation technology, and green efficient separation of key strategic resources from salt lakes [1] - Significant research breakthroughs have been made regarding the potential resources of rubidium and cesium in Tibetan salt lake brine, as well as the current status and future prospects of lithium, potassium, and oil and gas mineral resources, which have been recognized as major advancements in the second scientific expedition to Tibet [1]

Core Viewpoint - "Range anxiety" is a core pain point in the development of electric vehicles, and all-solid-state batteries are seen as a potential solution to this issue [1] Group 1: Differences from Lithium-ion Batteries - The main difference between all-solid-state batteries and traditional lithium-ion batteries is the replacement of the electrolyte and optimization of the electrode materials [2] - All-solid-state batteries use non-flammable solid electrolytes instead of liquid organic electrolytes, which enhances safety and energy density [2] Group 2: Enhancing Electric Vehicle Range - The low energy density of current lithium-ion batteries is the fundamental reason for range anxiety in the electric vehicle industry [3] - All-solid-state batteries can utilize higher theoretical capacity electrode materials, leading to a significant increase in energy density and potentially allowing electric vehicles to achieve a range of over 1000 kilometers [3] Group 3: Challenges to Large-scale Application - The research and development of all-solid-state batteries are still in the early stages, facing several key technical challenges for large-scale application [4] - High-performance solid electrolytes and the cost of raw materials pose significant challenges, requiring breakthroughs in low-cost synthesis and preparation technologies [5] - The stability of the solid-solid interface in all-solid-state batteries is a major challenge due to volume changes during charge and discharge cycles, necessitating in-depth research on the electrochemical and mechanical properties of solid electrolytes [5]

同"生态药方"。 北京市园林绿化局生态保护修复处副处长王翔宇介绍，"燕山山地南部生态综合治理工程"中，对土层厚 度低于20厘米的灌木林地和荒山荒地，他们会选择耐干旱、抗寒冷、适应性强的乡土树种，采用自然式 混交方式，构建复层、异林的混交结构林地；对林木生长不良、森林群落稳定性降低、短期内难以自然 恢复的地块，通过补植补播、采伐修复、更替修复等技术改善退化林林分结构，提升森林的稳定性、多 样性和生态功能。 记者12月1日从北京市园林绿化局获悉，作为北京"三北"工程六期规划的开局之战和重中之重，北京市 燕山山地南部生态综合治理工程日前圆满完成54万余亩的林业建设任务，成为北京"三北"六期首个完工 的工程，为后期工程打下了坚实基础。 "今年春天，我们在八达岭林场青龙桥分场造林苗木的搬运工作中大力应用无人机。"八达岭林场管理处 森林经营科负责人蒲凌奎介绍，人工运苗在山高路陡区域运输时间长，易造成苗木损伤，利用无人机运 苗能够提高苗木在春季造林黄金时期的运输效率和成活率，既节约了人力成本，又加快了造林进度。 此外，在推进"燕山山地南部生态综合治理工程"中，北京市还以问题为导向，为不同山区和林场开出不 《北京市"三北"工 ...

Core Viewpoint - The research team from Kunming University of Science and Technology has developed a new catalyst with "dynamic shape-selective effect" for the deep removal of sulfur compounds in industrial exhaust gases, achieving a residual sulfur content below five parts per billion, thus providing an innovative and efficient solution for green governance and resource utilization of industrial emissions [1][2]. Group 1: Technological Breakthroughs - The new catalyst utilizes a manganese-doped iron oxide synthesis method, creating a unique "iron-oxygen-manganese" structure that enhances catalytic performance for sulfur compound conversion [2]. - The catalyst demonstrates a removal rate of over 99.99% for typical sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide, significantly exceeding current national emission standards [2]. Group 2: Economic and Environmental Impact - The technology allows for the targeted conversion of sulfur compounds into valuable by-products like sulfur, sulfuric acid, or high-purity sulfur, achieving a purity of 99.95% for sulfur, which can be sold as a chemical raw material [2]. - The research team is actively collaborating with multiple chemical enterprises to accelerate the industrial application of this technology, aiming to help companies meet environmental goals while achieving economic benefits [3].

Core Insights - China Shipbuilding Group (CSG) announced its top ten technological achievements during the Technology Innovation Conference, highlighting advancements in major equipment development and cutting-edge technology [1] Group 1: Technological Achievements - The top three technological achievements include the Fujian aircraft carrier, the "Dream" deep-sea drilling vessel, and the "Fighter" deep-sea manned submersible [1] - Other notable achievements include the "Ida·Magic City" large cruise ship, a 174,000 cubic meter LNG transport ship, and the development of core equipment for liquid cargo systems [1] - CSG has demonstrated a transformation from "catching up" to "leading" in the shipbuilding industry, showcasing its commitment to high-level technological self-reliance [1] Group 2: Innovation Strategy - CSG released a list of first batch technological challenges and signed cooperation agreements with universities and innovative enterprises to foster an innovation ecosystem [1] - The chairman of CSG emphasized the importance of innovation, collaboration, and creating a supportive cultural environment to enhance technological advancements [2]

Core Insights - The implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is transitioning from pilot projects to large-scale promotion, with a roadmap set to achieve widespread application by 2027 and full coverage by 2030 [1][2] Group 1: AI Applications in Healthcare - The "Implementation Opinions" outlines 24 key applications of AI across eight areas, with a primary focus on grassroots applications [2] - AI will enhance diagnostic capabilities for common diseases at the grassroots level, providing support for diagnosis, prescription review, and follow-up management [2][3] - AI technologies are already being integrated into various hospital scenarios, significantly improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency [2][3] Group 2: Efficiency and Capacity Building - AI systems can handle routine patient inquiries, allowing doctors to focus on more complex cases, thus increasing their daily patient load by 3-5 cases [3] - AI provides real-time reference suggestions to doctors, enhancing their professional skills and ensuring better patient care [3][5] Group 3: Data Management and Quality - By 2027, a high-quality data set and trustworthy data space for the healthcare industry will be established, requiring collaboration among various hospital departments [4][5] - AI model developers are working on specialized models for common tumors and chronic diseases, aiming to provide high-level medical services even in resource-scarce areas [5] Group 4: Safety and Regulation - The "Implementation Opinions" emphasizes the importance of safety in healthcare AI, proposing measures for regulatory oversight, data security, and privacy protection [6][7] - A comprehensive governance mechanism involving government regulation, institutional autonomy, industry self-discipline, and social supervision is being developed [6] - Techniques like federated learning are being explored to ensure data privacy while allowing collaborative AI model training across hospitals [7]

Core Insights - A research team from Kunming University of Science and Technology, in collaboration with Nanjing University and Tsinghua University, has discovered a multi-color photochromic lead molybdate (PMO) microcrystal with reconfigurable memristive behavior, enabling optical interlocking and cascading hash time-space self-encryption [1][2] - The PMO microcrystal can switch between light yellow, gray, and pink optical response channels when exposed to specific wavelengths of light, making it suitable for integrated photonic devices that require all-optical solutions [1] - The gray and pink channels exhibit excellent reversibility and durability, with optical transmittance modulation ratios of 60% and 99% respectively, and the pink channel shows non-volatility, remaining stable for over 1500 days [1] Application and Implications - The research team proposed a new optical encryption paradigm using PMO and patterned photolithography arrays, resembling blockchain encryption, where different plaintext and private key information are encoded in separate photochromic channels [2] - This method is particularly effective for high-value assets or intellectual property, providing robust anti-cloning and anti-cracking measures [2] - The breakthrough holds significant theoretical value in materials science and shows promising applications in information security and anti-counterfeiting, especially with the rise of emerging technologies like quantum computing [2]

围绕户外光照多变导致图像失真、幼苗与杂草形态颜色相似难以区分，以及早期杂草目标过小易被忽略 等问题，研发团队构建了基于2000多张不同环境标注图像的轻量化杂草识别模型，并利用全卷积网络实 现像素级定位，有效提升杂草识别精度与抗干扰能力，为机器人除草作业提供有效定点坐标。 记者11月26日获悉，内蒙古草业技术创新中心联合西北农林科技大学成功研制出我国首台苜蓿田间智能 除草机器人。这款机器人可针对苜蓿苗期实施"激光+机械"除草，每秒处理40株杂草，每小时清除杂草 量突破万株，清理率超98%。 当前，我国苜蓿种植面积已超3000万亩，但苗期杂草危害导致其产量降幅超30%。杂草防除长期依赖人 工与化学手段，人工成本高、化学污染大，市场对高效绿色除草技术需求迫切。针对这些行业难题，内 蒙古草业技术创新中心提出"株间激光+行间机械"智能除草机器人方案。该方案融合机械工程、人工智 能、导航定位等多领域技术，形成"感知—决策—执行"一体化除草系统，有效破解复杂环境中杂草快速 识别、高效除草以及精准导航三大难题。 此外，为满足激光除草快速响应、机械模块在遇障时可及时避障等需求，科研团队创新采用"株间激光 +行间机械"协同模式。 ...

这款轻薄贴片面积约10—14平方厘米，可精准监测胎儿的翻滚、伸展和踢腿等动作。在针对59名孕妇的 临床试验中，设备识别这些动作的准确率超过90%。 （文章来源：科技日报） 胎动是反映胎儿健康状况的重要信号，然而至今仍缺乏简便、舒适的医院外监测方式。目前孕妇在家多 依靠自我计数来感知胎动，这种方式易产生不确定性，还可能增加心理负担。新型柔性可穿戴设备有望 改变这一现状，孕妇可长时间舒适佩戴，持续进行无创监测而不影响日常生活。 澳大利亚莫纳什大学科学家研发出一款创可贴式可穿戴贴片，能实时监测母体中胎儿的活动情况，为实 现更安全的居家孕期监护提供了新手段。相关研究成果发表于新一期《科学进展》杂志。 团队强调，该技术并非取代临床评估，而是对标准护理的补充，可在胎动模式发生变化时助力早期干 预。 新设备的优势在于将柔性材料、智能信号处理与AI技术相结合。胎儿的不同动作会在母体腹部表面形 成不同模式，由设备上的两个传感器捕捉，再通过机器学习系统识别胎动发生的时间。这种融合设计使 系统在保持轻便舒适的同时，能自动捕捉比现有可穿戴方案更全面的胎儿活动信息。 ...

同期发表的论文中，美国加州大学旧金山分校团队在接受联合免疫疗法后实现HIV-1复制控制的个体 中，发现了与病毒抑制相关的免疫特征。尽管该试验未设对照组，无法对联合免疫疗法的疗效作出确切 结论，但团队识别出T细胞中与病毒控制相关的特征，这些特征存在于治疗后病毒反弹较慢的个体中。 德国柏林夏里特医学院报告了一例通过干细胞移植实现HIV-1缓解的病例，其供体细胞仅携带一个突变 受体基因拷贝（CCR5 Δ32杂合子）。患者2009年确诊HIV感染，2015年发展为急性髓系白血病。由于 未能找到纯合子CCR5 Δ32供体，患者接受了异基因干细胞移植治疗癌症。移植3年后患者停用抗逆转录 病毒疗法，移植6年后检测未发现HIV-1复制迹象。 在第38个世界艾滋病日当天，《自然》杂志发表论文报道了德国一名60岁男性通过干细胞移植实现艾滋 病病毒（HIV）感染症状持续缓解的案例，这是迄今已知的第七例。该患者移植的细胞仅携带一个突变 基因拷贝（该基因编码HIV-1感染所需蛋白质），与先前的两拷贝突变细胞实现缓解的案例不同。这表 明具有消除HIV潜力的干细胞供体群体，可能比此前预想的更为广泛。 此前六例通过癌症干细胞移植实现HIV清 ...