4月28日，欧洲伊比利亚半岛发生大规模停电事故。在全球能源转型持续深入推进的背景下，该事件究 竟是偶然现象，还是带有某种阶段性的必然？ 现代电网具有天然的脆弱性 作为现代社会最重要的能源基础设施之一，电网的安全稳定运行关乎国计民生，实为"国之大者"。但现 代电网已经发展为由物理电力和信息通信构成的复杂耦合网络系统，具有与生俱来的脆弱性。 现代电网已经成为有史以来规模最大的人造网络系统，而电网具有超大规模网络内生的级联故障风险。 以我国为例，到2023年底，我国仅220千伏及以上的输电线路就已超过92万千米，电网运营线路总里程 超过350万千米，形成多达数百万节点的复杂拓扑结构。稍有不慎，高度互联特性就会使得局部故障扩 散、放大至区域甚至跨区电网，造成不可估量的损失。 电网受实时平衡的物理约束，对电压、频率的扰动极为敏感。为保障电力供应，电力系统需遵循严格的 能量守恒定律，发电与用电必须实现毫秒级动态平衡。国内外案例显示，电压偏差超过±10%或频率偏 差超过±0.5赫兹，都可能导致设备故障或系统不稳定，严重者甚至可能导致部分电网解列或大面积停 电。 电网设备绝大多数直接暴露于自然环境中，对环境变化的敏感性极高， ...

Core Viewpoint - The major power outage in Spain on April 28 serves as a significant warning for global energy transition, highlighting the vulnerabilities of electric grids under high renewable energy penetration [1] Group 1: Challenges in Renewable Energy Integration - The recent power outage in Spain is not an isolated incident, as similar stability crises have occurred in Germany and California due to high renewable energy penetration [3] - Key challenges include the volatility of renewable energy generation, which is heavily influenced by weather, and the lack of traditional inertia support from fossil fuel power plants [3] - There is a structural shortage of flexible resources such as energy storage and gas power generation, which hampers the grid's ability to respond to sudden power fluctuations [3] - The existing transmission capacity is insufficient to match the uneven distribution of renewable energy, limiting the ability for cross-regional power sharing [3] - The rapid expansion of renewable energy capacity is not matched by necessary upgrades in grid adaptability, with Spain's renewable energy generation reaching 51.5% in 2023 while grid investment has declined [3] Group 2: Recommendations for Grid Resilience - To enhance grid resilience, it is essential to accelerate the construction of energy storage systems and flexible resources, including the retrofitting of coal power plants for flexibility [5] - Upgrading the grid's "nervous system" through digital twin technology and smart sensors can significantly improve monitoring and response capabilities [5] - Strengthening cross-regional power sharing requires both domestic and international efforts, including the construction of ultra-high voltage transmission lines and collaboration with neighboring regions [5] Group 3: Policy and Market Mechanisms - Establishing a robust auxiliary service market is crucial for incentivizing flexible resources to participate in grid management [6] - Enhancing extreme weather response capabilities through a comprehensive early warning system and emergency response plans is necessary for sustainable energy transition [6]

Core Viewpoint - The event "China Green Certificate: Smooth Sailing in China, Moving Towards the World" marks a significant step for China's green certificate system, showcasing its development and international recognition, particularly in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area [1][9][10]. Group 1: Market Development - The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is recognized as a key driver for economic growth and a pioneer in cultivating the green certificate market, with expanding coverage and record trading volumes [2][3]. - The cumulative trading volume of green certificates in the Greater Bay Area reached 1,329 billion kilowatt-hours, with an average growth rate of 10 times, and is projected to reach 491 billion kilowatt-hours in 2024, marking an 11-fold year-on-year increase [3]. - The region's green electricity trading achieved a remarkable start in Q1 2025, with a trading volume of 780 billion kilowatt-hours, a 16-fold increase year-on-year, accounting for 39% of the national trading volume during the same period [3]. Group 2: Energy Supply and Consumption - The development of the green certificate market is supported by a robust supply of green energy, with the installed capacity of renewable energy in the Greater Bay Area exceeding 200 million kilowatts, making it the largest power source for the Southern Power Grid [4]. - The Southern Power Grid delivers over 2,000 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity to the Greater Bay Area annually, with non-fossil energy accounting for 55% of its total energy supply [4]. - The diversity of consumption participants in the green certificate market is notable, with over 3,000 entities involved in green electricity consumption in 2024, driven by energy-saving policies and the green transformation of supply chains [6]. Group 3: International Recognition and Impact - The global recognition of China's green certificate by the RE100 initiative is a pivotal moment, allowing both Chinese enterprises and international partners to confidently adopt green certificates for renewable energy procurement [9][10]. - This recognition enhances the competitiveness of Chinese enterprises in the global market, particularly in light of international carbon trade regulations, and supports their green transformation efforts [11]. - The comprehensive acknowledgment of China's green certificate system signifies its alignment with international standards and its emerging global status [10]. Group 4: Future Directions - The green certificate market is transitioning to a new phase focused on high-quality development driven by demand, with a dual mechanism of mandatory and voluntary consumption to stimulate market vitality [12]. - Green certificates are evolving from mere proof of green electricity consumption to essential tools for corporate green transformation and carbon reduction [12]. - The successful implementation of the green certificate system in the Greater Bay Area serves as a replicable model for broader market development, contributing to global sustainable development efforts [14].

原标题：全国劳动模范李斌：一把焊枪"点亮"美丽海岛 | 新时代奋斗者 盛夏时节，锅炉房40多摄氏度的高温下，他手持焊枪连续工作24小时。春寒料峭，60多米高的锅炉 检修现场，他连续奋战三天三夜......32年来，他用一把焊枪，守护电厂安全运行8900余天，也照亮了舟 山海岛的千家万户。他就是国家能源集团浙江公司舟山电厂锅炉专工、锅炉班长李斌。 1993年7月，李斌怀揣着青春梦想，跨入舟山电厂大门，成为一名锅炉检修工。舟山电厂是燃煤机 组，金属材料品种多，工艺要求复杂。每天一上班，李斌就钻入焊接培训室，平焊、横焊、立焊、仰 焊，一天轮回着来。为强化手臂稳定性，他在焊把上系上至少2公斤的砖块。"刚开始，一天下来手臂酸 得连筷子都夹不住。"李斌回忆说。手臂上烫起的水泡瘪了又起，被电弧灼伤的皮好了又褪。一次，因 为练习仰板焊新技术，工作服被火花烫出密密麻麻的洞眼。母亲看到后，边缝补工装，边暗自落泪。李 斌搂住母亲肩膀，安慰说："这可是刻在我身上的特殊印章，别人想要，我还不舍得给呢。" 李斌在现场。舟山电厂马卫平 摄 勤学理论，苦练实操，短短三个月，李斌考取了锅炉压力容器焊工证书，独自承担起锅炉设备焊接 任务。200 ...

Core Viewpoint - The conference held by Dongfang Electric on May 10 showcased its leading green low-carbon technologies and innovations, emphasizing the company's commitment to high-end, intelligent, and green development in the energy sector [1] Group 1: New Technologies and Products - Dongfang Electric introduced the 26 MW offshore wind turbine, the largest in the world, capable of generating over 100 million kWh of clean energy annually under optimal wind conditions [3] - The company unveiled the G50 heavy-duty gas turbine, which has a power output of over 70,000 kWh per hour, sufficient to meet the daily electricity needs of 7,000 households, and can reduce carbon emissions by approximately 500,000 tons annually [5] - Dongfang Electric has developed a complete set of key technologies for pumped storage, with an annual production capacity of 50 units, exceeding 1,500 MW [7] - The company is focused on tower-type solar thermal technology, participating in over 20 solar thermal projects, including the first domestic solar thermal demonstration projects [9] - Dongfang Electric has created a 12,000-meter intelligent drilling rig, leading in oil and gas exploration and development equipment [11] - The new generation of coal power technology has achieved breakthroughs in clean carbon reduction and flexible operation, enhancing the efficiency and reliability of power generation [13] - The 700 MW ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler technology has improved thermal efficiency to 46.5%, saving over 175,000 tons of standard coal annually and reducing CO2 emissions by 500,000 tons [15] - The company has developed a green low-carbon power plant solution that significantly enhances the efficiency of traditional coal power units [17] - Dongfang Electric's smart products for coal power units are applied in numerous power plants, providing advanced operational support and maintenance recommendations [20]

一季度，全社会用电量累计23846亿千瓦时，同比增长2.5%，在政策与需求双轮驱动下，电力行业持续 向上生长。 Wind数据统计显示，A股电力板块74只个股中，26只获资本市场"国家队"持有，最新持仓市值529.5亿 元，从其持股路径看，或为被"低估"的行业黑马。 "国家队"一季度增持6股 民营企业占得1席 资本市场"国家队"通常指具有政府背景、在金融市场中发挥重要稳定和调节作用的机构投资者。"国家 队"的资金规模庞大，投资行为往往对资本市场具有较强影响力。 纵观"国家队"持股表现，一季度增持电力板块6只个股，减持9只，增持个股最新持仓市值65.31亿元。 除中央及地方国有企业上榜增持名单外，民营企业也占得1席，体现出主力资金对民营经济的促进与支 持。 就具体企业看，地方国资代表浙江浙能电力股份有限公司（以下简称"浙能电力"）一季度获"国家队"增 持数量最多，达6841.11万股；民营企业广东宝丽华新能源股份有限公司（以下简称"宝新能源"）增持 股数位列其后，为1493.51万股。 "福建海风市场空间广阔，加之第一大股东福建省投资开发集团有限责任公司加速海风资产注入，中闽 能源2025年全年归母净利润有望同比 ...

Core Viewpoint - The global green power consumption initiative RE100 has officially recognized China's renewable energy green power certificates, marking a significant milestone that is expected to have profound implications for corporate practices and market development [1][2]. Group 1: Recognition of China's Green Certificate - RE100's recognition of China's green certificate comes at a crucial time when global companies face pressure to meet sustainability goals and adapt to changing international market conditions [2]. - In 2024, RE100 member companies reported a substantial electricity consumption of 770 billion kilowatt-hours, with 59% sourced from renewable energy, highlighting the potential of China's green certificate system [2]. - The decision to recognize China's green certificate is based on a strong consensus regarding the improvement of the certificate system in China, supported by a series of recent policy developments [2]. Group 2: Impact on Corporate Practices - The recognition of China's green certificate provides companies in China with more diverse options for green power procurement, enhancing flexibility and potentially lowering costs [4]. - The simplified process for declaring green power consumption using China's green certificate is expected to attract more companies to increase their procurement efforts, thereby promoting market development [4]. - The recognition is anticipated to create new opportunities for the Chinese green certificate market, leading to more reasonable pricing and expanded market size [4]. Group 3: Internationalization and Best Practices - The internationalization of China's green certificate presents unprecedented development opportunities for Chinese export companies, encouraging them to leverage international cooperation [7]. - Companies are advised to strengthen international exchanges and learn from best practices to enhance their green power consumption levels and international competitiveness [7]. - The collaboration between the climate organization and Chinese partners aims to accelerate the large-scale implementation of the green certificate, facilitating the transition to green power consumption [8].

Core Viewpoint - The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasizes the need to deepen ecological civilization reforms and promote a carbon trading market to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals [1] Group 1: Carbon Market Development - The national carbon emissions trading market currently covers 2,257 key emission units in the power generation sector, accounting for approximately 5.1 billion tons of CO2 emissions annually, which is about 40% of the national total [1] - The current carbon market is limited in industry coverage and has low market activity due to high homogeneity among participants, necessitating the inclusion of more high-emission industries such as steel, cement, and aluminum [1][2] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has issued a plan to gradually include the steel, cement, and aluminum industries into the national carbon emissions trading market, aiming to enhance carbon reduction efforts and create a more effective carbon market [1][2] Group 2: Policy Implementation and Mechanisms - The plan aims to expand the market coverage by incorporating around 1,500 enterprises from the steel, cement, and aluminum sectors, focusing on those with annual greenhouse gas emissions of 26,000 tons of CO2 equivalent [2] - It establishes a unified management system for emissions across various industries, enhancing the carbon pricing mechanism and encouraging companies to prioritize carbon management [2] - The plan outlines a multi-layered and differentiated collaborative control model for direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions, integrating the carbon trading market with renewable energy and green certificate markets [2] Group 3: Data Management and Monitoring - The plan emphasizes improving carbon emission accounting standards and data governance, requiring enterprises to conduct high-quality measurements of key parameters and explore online monitoring technologies [3] - It mandates monthly verification of key parameters by major emission units and implements a three-tier data quality audit system to enhance transparency and reliability in the carbon trading market [3] Group 4: Allocation of Carbon Quotas - The plan details a phased approach to carbon quota allocation for the steel, cement, and aluminum industries, with the 2024 quota based on verified actual emissions, avoiding compliance costs for enterprises [4] - Future quotas for 2025 and 2026 will be determined based on carbon intensity, with a focus on minimizing the impact on normal business operations [4] - The plan aims to gradually tighten total quota limits to facilitate the transition of these industries towards green and low-carbon practices [4] Group 5: Recommendations for Policy Enhancement - The plan suggests establishing a long-term management mechanism for carbon emissions rights, gradually reducing annual quota totals while ensuring alignment with industry development stages [5][6] - It advocates for the integration of various policies to promote the collaborative development of carbon and electricity markets, enhancing the market's overall effectiveness [6]

为扩大区域内绿电交易规模，长三角电力市场一方面将常态化开展跨省绿电交易，积极推动绿电需求旺 盛、绿电资源不足的省市跨省购买绿电。另一方面适应新能源预测难度大、出力波动大的特点，兼顾送 受两端实际情况，探索开展区域内跨省可中断绿电交易。力争2025年区域内绿电交易实现规模化增长， 提升至12亿千瓦时。 在完善富余发电资源互济交易机制方面，长三角电力市场一方面在原有富余火电跨省交易的基础上进一 步推动新能源和核电等富余市场化电力直接参加跨省中长期交易，提高交易频次，细化交易时段划分， 允许交易主体不断修正中长期合约曲线，灵活调整交易合同。另一方面"皖电东送"机组在按分电比例签 订年度合同的基础上，运行阶段通过市场化方式调整交易合同，提高资源优化配置灵活性。另外，还将 有序推动用户参与跨省电力交易，研究推动建立适应长三角一体化的可再生能源消纳责任考核和控煤指 标考核制度。 《方案》明确，2025年长三角电力市场建设将推进区域内新能源跨省交易、完善富余发电资源互济交易 机制、扩大区域内绿电交易规模、组建长三角电力市场管理委员会，完善市场治理模式以及建立长三角 电力市场常态化评估工作机制，扎实推进评估发现问题整改。 4 ...

完善绿电、绿证交易制度。政府部门、电网企业、交易中心等相关方需要共同建立起常态化的绿证、绿 电交易等市场机制，同时保证其中环境权益的唯一性、权威性、可溯源性，提高其在全球范围内的认可 度。在绿电供给较为紧张的地区，宜进一步畅通跨省跨区绿电交易机制，从而提高交易频次、交易规模 和输电通道的可得性。 发展算力与电力系统的友好互动，有利于实现电网清洁化和数据中心用电低碳化的协同效应。 在碳中和背景下，解决算力增长带来的能耗和碳排放问题变得尤为迫切。随着全球产业数字化、智能化 转型升级趋势进一步加深，尤其在人工智能技术进步的带动下，算力已成为最受重视的战略性生产力， 市场需求快速攀升，预计未来五年内全球算力规模年均增速将超过50%。同时，由于算力产生于数据中 心的运行，伴随着大量的电力消耗，全球数据中心年用电量预计将从2022年的4600亿千瓦时快速上升到 2030年的7500亿~2.3万亿千瓦时，对应年碳排放将达到约3.4亿~10.4亿吨二氧化碳。要在大力发展数字 经济的同时实现碳中和目标，必须实现算力增长与电力消耗碳排放的解耦。若算力发展能在未来进一步 打破由传统能源带来的碳排放约束，实现规模化增长，算力驱动的数 ...