招商证券股份有限公司 招商证券股份有限公司 关于浙江艾罗网络能源技术股份有限公司 2025 年度持续督导工作现场检查报告 上海证券交易所： 根据《证券发行上市保荐业务管理办法》、《上海证券交易所科创板股票上市 规则》、《上海证券交易所上市公司自律监管指引第 11 号——持续督导》、《上海 证券交易所科创板上市公司自律监管指引第 1 号——规范运作》、《上市公司募集 资金监管规则》等有关法律法规和规范性文件的规定，招商证券股份有限公司（以 下简称"招商证券"、"保荐机构"）作为正在履行浙江艾罗网络能源技术股份有 限公司（以下简称"艾罗能源"、"上市公司"、"公司"）持续督导工作的保荐机 构，对公司 2025 年 1 月 1 日至本次现场检查期间（以下简称"本持续督导期"） 的规范运行情况进行了现场检查，就现场检查的有关情况报告如下： 一、本次现场检查的基本情况 （一）保荐机构 （二）保荐代表人 刘奇、张钰源 （三）现场检查时间 2025 年 12 月 9 日——2025 年 12 月 11 日 （四）现场检查人员 刘奇、贺军伟、宋晓晖 （五）现场检查内容 公司治理和内部控制情况、信息披露情况、公司的独立性以及与 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that after 2H25, China's provinces will successively implement capacity pricing policies, leading to excellent economic viability for independent energy storage under the "peak-valley arbitrage + capacity pricing + ancillary services" revenue model, with high demand expected to continue in the short term [1] - The European market is experiencing positive storage demand due to energy shortages and a lack of grid flexibility resources, with a shift in focus from household storage to large-scale and industrial storage [1] - The Australian electricity market is maturing, with large-scale storage projects accelerating, while household storage is being reinforced by high subsidies, ensuring medium to long-term demand [1] Group 2 - The AIDC (Automated Industrial Data Center) demand in the U.S. is expected to grow significantly, with projections indicating that by 2030, AIDC storage demand could reach 100-200 GWh, driven by the need for enhanced flexibility and interconnectivity [2] - The green methanol sector is seeing increased demand from the shipping industry, which is catalyzing the construction of numerous wind-solar-storage hydrogen-methanol integrated projects in China, thereby boosting storage demand [2] Group 3 - The strong demand for energy storage is leading to a tight supply of storage cells, with major companies experiencing full order books and production schedules extending into Q1 2026; however, relief is expected post-Q2 2026 as production capacity is released [3] - Major companies are building competitive barriers through overseas factories and technology licensing in response to local policy trends in Europe and the U.S., allowing them to benefit from high growth in overseas markets [3] Group 4 - Recommended companies for front-of-the-meter storage include CATL (300750.SZ, 03750), EVE Energy (300014.SZ), and Haibo Technology (688411.SH), while for behind-the-meter storage, recommended companies include Deye Technology (605117.SH), Airo Energy (688717.SH), and Pylon Technologies (688063.SH) [4]

Core Viewpoint - Airo Energy is actively expanding its market presence in Australia through localized marketing and high-performance products, leveraging local policy opportunities [2] Group 1: Company Strategy - The company has established a wholly-owned subsidiary in Australia to enhance its market reach [2] - Airo Energy focuses on modular stacked design for its battery-related products, allowing for easy installation [2] - The company plans to strengthen its local service team and increase product awareness while consolidating its residential storage base [2] Group 2: Market Opportunities - Airo Energy aims to explore new scenarios in commercial and industrial energy storage in Australia [2]

Core Viewpoint - The company is actively responding to the increased demand for home energy storage in Australia due to new policies, focusing on local marketing and high-performance products to seize market opportunities [1] Group 1: Company Strategy - The company has a wholly-owned subsidiary in Australia, which allows for localized marketing efforts [1] - The company plans to enhance its local service team and increase product awareness to strengthen its position in the home energy storage market [1] - The company is exploring new scenarios for commercial and industrial energy storage in Australia [1] Group 2: Product Features - The company's battery products feature a modular stacking design, facilitating easy and convenient installation [1] - The company aims to simplify installation and debugging processes, potentially creating a user-friendly installation experience [1]

Market Overview - The Shanghai Composite Index is at 3885.56 points, slightly down by 0.10%, with a total trading volume of 896.24 billion yuan [1] - As of now, 150 A-shares have surpassed the half-year line, indicating a positive market trend [1] Stocks with Significant Deviation - Notable stocks with high deviation rates include: - Aerospace Information (600271) with a deviation rate of 8.95% and a price increase of 10.00% [1] - Great Wall Electric (600192) with a deviation rate of 8.62% and a price increase of 10.02% [1] - Tiankang Biological (002100) with a deviation rate of 6.61% and a price increase of 7.35% [1] Stocks Just Above the Half-Year Line - Stocks with smaller deviation rates that have just crossed the half-year line include: - Xusheng Group (300743) with a deviation rate of 4.74% and a price increase of 7.98% [1] - Zhenxin Technology (688600) with a deviation rate of 3.68% and a price increase of 10.09% [1] - Xingye Technology (002674) with a deviation rate of 3.61% and a price increase of 10.01% [1] Additional Stocks with Positive Movement - Other stocks showing positive movement include: - Dajia Weikang (301126) with a price increase of 6.55% and a deviation rate of 3.37% [1] - Beiken Energy (002828) with a price increase of 5.04% and a deviation rate of 3.20% [1] - Huide Technology (603192) with a price increase of 3.96% and a deviation rate of 2.94% [1]

Group 1: Core Insights - The report highlights a new growth cycle for energy storage, projecting significant increases in installed capacity and demand in both domestic and international markets [2][5][32] - Domestic energy storage demand is driven by capacity pricing and innovative business models, with a projected installed capacity of 163 GWh in 2025, a 47% year-on-year increase, and 265 GWh in 2026, a 60% increase [2][32] - Internationally, the U.S. is experiencing a surge in demand due to AI data centers, while Europe and emerging markets are also showing strong growth potential [2][34] Group 2: Domestic Market Dynamics - In the domestic market, the introduction of capacity pricing subsidies by local governments has significantly boosted the internal rate of return (IRR) for energy storage projects, with IRR rates ranging from 6% to 12% [2][13] - The report notes that from January to November 2025, domestic energy storage bidding reached 190 GWh, a 138% increase year-on-year, with a total of 175 GWh awarded [2][27] - The cumulative installed capacity of domestic energy storage reached 72 GWh from January to October 2025, marking a 42% increase year-on-year [2][27] Group 3: International Market Trends - The U.S. is expected to see a demand for approximately 53 GWh of new energy storage installations in 2025, driven by AI data centers and peak load shortages [2][34] - In Europe, the energy storage market is projected to grow significantly, with an expected installation of 20 GWh in 2025, a 131% increase year-on-year, and 42 GWh in 2026, a 109% increase [2][34] - Emerging markets, particularly in the Middle East, Australia, Southeast Asia, and South America, are anticipated to contribute to a combined installation of 34 GWh in 2025, a 220% increase year-on-year [2][34] Group 4: Industry Chain and Competitive Landscape - The global demand for energy storage batteries is projected to reach 628 GWh in 2025, a 91% increase, and 663 GWh in 2026, a 61% increase [2][6] - The report indicates that leading companies in the energy storage sector, such as Tesla and BYD, are expected to strengthen their market positions as battery prices stabilize and production capacity increases [2][6] - The integration of large battery cells is expected to reduce system costs by 10-15%, enhancing the competitive advantage of leading firms [2][6] Group 5: Investment Recommendations - The report recommends strong investment in large-scale energy storage companies, including Sungrow Power Supply, CATL, and BYD, as they are positioned to benefit from the anticipated growth in the market [2][6] - It also highlights the potential for growth in residential and commercial energy storage sectors, suggesting companies like DeYe and Airo Energy as promising investment opportunities [2][6]

Core Insights - The article discusses the unprecedented complexity facing energy systems in Europe due to the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources and storage systems, highlighting the inadequacy of traditional scheduling and operational strategies to meet current digital energy demands [1][25]. Group 1: AI Energy Matrix Overview - The company has introduced a new AI Energy Matrix that consists of five core intelligent modules designed to create a "learnable, optimizable, and predictable" energy system [2][26]. - The five modules include AI Battery Management (AiChi), AI Energy Scheduling (AiCe), AI Intelligent Assistant (AiXi), AI Intelligent Operations (AiMou), and AI Knowledge Base (AiShu) [2][26]. Group 2: AI Battery Management (AiChi) - AiChi enhances battery management by transitioning from control logic to machine intelligence, addressing the limitations of traditional threshold-based and experience-based judgments [5][28]. - It achieves a State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) accuracy of less than 3%, enabling smarter charge and discharge control and extending battery life by over 10% [6][29]. - The AI-based monitoring at the cell level improves balancing efficiency by 20%, allowing a system like the ESS-TRENE liquid-cooled 125kW/261kWh to recover approximately 1000 kWh of usable energy annually [7][30]. Group 3: AI Energy Scheduling (AiCe) - AiCe represents a significant leap in energy scheduling, moving from rule-based execution to strategic decision-making, and is designed for both residential and commercial applications [11][33]. - It features a dual-engine architecture combining cloud-based high-precision computation with edge-based autonomous operation, resulting in up to a 50% increase in return on investment compared to static scheduling methods [13][35]. Group 4: AI Intelligent Assistant (AiXi) - AiXi is a large language model-based assistant aimed at making complex systems understandable and operable, providing real-time dynamic system diagrams and visual fault diagnosis processes [14][36]. - It evolves into a personal energy manager that learns from user behavior, simplifies decision-making, and supports user participation in virtual power plants [16][38]. Group 5: AI Intelligent Operations (AiMou) - AiMou focuses on predictive maintenance and proactive system management throughout the photovoltaic lifecycle, featuring AI Arc Fault Protection Technology (AFCI) and intelligent IV curve diagnostics [18][39]. - The intelligent IV curve diagnostic system can assess the health of a large-scale solar plant in minutes, significantly reducing labor input by over 50% [39]. - The AFCI technology achieves a response time of 0.5 seconds with an accuracy rate exceeding 99%, greatly reducing fire hazards by over 75% compared to traditional methods [40][41]. Group 6: AI Knowledge Base (AiShu) - AiShu serves as the foundational "brain" of the matrix, responsible for aggregating telemetry data, recording long-term operational behavior, and analyzing fault evolution [20][42]. - It ensures that the entire energy matrix not only functions but also evolves, enhancing the capabilities of the other modules [21][42]. Group 7: Future of Energy Systems - The next generation of energy systems will prioritize intelligence over capacity, with the AI Energy Matrix showcasing the future direction of the photovoltaic and storage industry [22][43]. - The value brought by this transformation includes improved predictability from battery to system, smarter operations from scheduling to maintenance, and enhanced efficiency from installation to operation [24][43].

Core Viewpoint - The energy storage industry is experiencing sustained demand growth, as indicated by recent data on battery production, project approvals, and system installations, suggesting a positive outlook for the sector in the short term [4][5]. Demand Side Analysis - In December, global battery production reached 172.59 GWh, with domestic production at 148.84 GWh, indicating strong demand despite the seasonal downturn [4][5]. - China saw a significant increase in energy storage installations, with 3.21 GW/8.82 GWh added in November, a month-on-month increase of 18% [4]. - North America is expected to see a substantial increase in large-scale storage installations, with projected growth of 61% year-on-year, reaching 18 GW in 2025 [4]. - In Europe, major markets like Germany, Italy, and the UK have sufficient approved and under-construction projects to support growth in installations next year [4]. Competitive Landscape - The competition among global energy storage system manufacturers is intensifying, leading to a dilution of market share among top players [5]. - The market concentration ratio (CR5) for large-scale storage systems is projected to decrease from 62% in 2023 to 45% in early 2025, indicating increased competition [5]. - Major manufacturers are expected to see significant growth in shipments in Q4 and next year, driven by high demand and large project backlogs [5]. Pricing Trends - Battery cell prices and energy storage system prices have shown an upward trend due to supply constraints and increased demand [41]. - The price of lithium carbonate has risen by 20% year-to-date, while the price of 314Ah battery cells has increased by approximately 7% [41]. - Despite rising prices, the overall trend in energy storage system pricing has been downward due to competitive pressures and cost reductions [46]. Regional Insights - In the U.S., large-scale storage projects are expected to continue growing, with a cumulative installed capacity of 39 GW by October 2025, and an anticipated addition of 10 GW in the first ten months of the year [19]. - In Europe, the market is shifting from residential storage to large-scale and commercial storage, with expectations of a 36% increase in overall storage installations in 2025 [26]. - Emerging markets are seeing a rise in storage demand driven by policy support and the need for reliable electricity supply, particularly in regions like the Middle East and Latin America [39]. Future Outlook - The energy storage sector is expected to maintain a high level of demand in 2026, supported by ongoing energy transition trends and significant project pipelines in major markets [88]. - The anticipated growth in AI data center projects is likely to further boost storage demand, particularly in North America [88].

Group 1: Energy Storage - The demand logic for energy storage is being reshaped, with a global ceiling opening up due to policy shifts from being driven by regulations to being driven by value, leading to high growth in future demand [4][10] - In China, new energy storage installations reached 34.9GW/89.3GWh from January to October 2025, marking a year-on-year increase of 90%/91% [11] - The profitability model for energy storage is improving, with the internal rate of return (IRR) for a hypothetical independent storage project in Gansu estimated at 8.5% for total investment and 14.8% for equity [20][21] Group 2: Wind Power - The domestic wind power market is expected to see stable growth, with offshore wind power projections indicating a doubling of annual new installations compared to the previous five-year plan [6] - The price of domestic onshore wind turbines has shown a clear upward trend since late 2024, with profitability expected to recover significantly by 2026 [6] - The gearbox market for wind power is projected to have a market space exceeding 40 billion, with a focus on leading companies in the industry chain [6] Group 3: International Markets - In the U.S., energy storage installations increased by 11.3GW/34.3GWh from January to October 2025, with a year-on-year growth of 11%/24% [23] - The European market is experiencing a surge in energy storage demand, with the UK and Germany showing significant increases in planned and installed capacities [37][32] - Emerging markets, particularly in the Middle East and India, are seeing substantial growth in energy storage projects driven by favorable policies and abundant solar resources [42][48] Group 4: Investment Recommendations - Key companies to watch in the energy storage integration sector include Haibo Shichuang, Sungrow Power, and Canadian Solar, which are expected to benefit first from the demand surge [6][52] - In the PCS (Power Conversion System) segment, independent third-party companies like Sangfor Electric, Shenghong Co., and Kehua Data are recommended due to their favorable market positioning [56][57] - For temperature control solutions in energy storage, companies like InvoTech and Tongfei Co. are highlighted as leaders benefiting from the evolving market dynamics [61][64]

再次提交招股书一个月后，果下科技终于在12月3日通过了港交所聆讯。 招股书数据显示，2022年至2024年，果下科技毛利率分别为25.1%、26.7%、15.1%，今年上半年进一步 下滑为12.5%。在各项业务中，大储业务始终毛利率最低，几乎总是低于公司整体毛利率水平，这意味 着高增的大储业务虽然增厚了果下科技的收入，但也在短期内拖累了公司的盈利能力。 果下科技成立仅六年，创始人冯立正曾就职于昔日明星电池企业沃特玛。公司的董监高团队中，多人与 冯立正同为江南大学校友。 果下科技的业务核心为储能系统，这家年轻的企业在过去几年间经历了业务结构的重大调整，国内大储 业务迅速取代海外户储业务成为核心收入来源。不过，毛利率偏低的大储业务也拉低果下科技的盈利能 力。 招股书数据显示，2022年至2024年，果下科技毛利率分别从25.1%跌至15.1%，今年上半年进一步下滑 为12.5%。 营收重心调整，低毛利的大储业务"拖后腿" 果下科技的单一生产基地位于江苏无锡。截至今年上半年末，公司储能系统的年产能为907.8 MWh。上 半年产能利用率为116.7%。 公司九成以上的收入来源于储能系统，而就在过去数年间，果下科技的 ...