记者丨 郑青亭 编辑丨和佳 据新华社，1月5日，正在对华进行正式访问的爱尔兰总理马丁在北京对中国媒体表示，爱尔兰 高度重视发展对华关系，愿同中方一道持续深化政治互信，拓展经贸、人文等领域务实合作， 共同推动欧中关系不断改善，特别是在贸易领域坚持开放贸易原则，营造公平竞争的市场环 境。 马丁在5日的发布会上透露，当天上午他同中方领导人举行了"热情而富有建设性的会晤"。双 方一致重申致力于建设稳固的中爱互惠战略伙伴关系，并同意共同推动欧盟—中国关系朝着更 加稳定、建设性的方向发展，尤其是在贸易领域推进开放、公平和基于规则的合作。 马丁表示，中国市场对爱尔兰企业和产品具有至关重要的意义，尤其是在食品和饮料产业领 域。爱尔兰在牛肉、乳制品和婴幼儿配方奶粉等方面拥有全球领先的质量和安全标准，农业及 食品饮料产业已成为中爱经贸关系的重要支柱，希望在可持续基础上持续保持对中国市场的准 入。 与此同时，生命科学和科技产业仍将是双边合作的重要组成部分。随着两国经济数字化进程不 断加快，技术、知识和经验的交流愈发关键，加强研发合作尤为重要。 他举例称，当天见证的一项围绕糖尿病肾病开展的中爱科研合作，充分体现了双方在相互尊重 基础 ...

中央财经大学国际经济与贸易学院副教授刘春生5日在接受《环球时报》记者采访时表示，中爱双方对 多边主义和基于规则的国际贸易体系的共同支持，在当前保护主义抬头的背景下显得尤为重要。这种基 于相互尊重和规则的合作模式，为处理复杂国际关系提供了良好范本。 本报记者 李迅典 本报特约记者 王 逸 爱尔兰总理马丁1月4日起应邀对中国进行正式访问，1月5日上午，中国国家主席习近平在北京人民大会 堂会见爱尔兰总理马丁。作为今年首位访华的欧洲国家领导人，马丁此次访问受到外界广泛关注。"贸 易，欧盟：爱尔兰打头阵，赴北京探路"，法国《论坛报》4日以此为题报道称，这是14年来爱尔兰政府 首脑首次访华。此访持续到周四，旨在都柏林即将于7月接任欧盟轮值主席国之际，巩固双边经贸关 系，并加强中欧之间的商业关系与对话。 习近平在会见马丁时指出，当今世界变乱交织，单边霸凌行径严重冲击国际秩序。各国都应尊重他国人 民自主选择的发展道路，遵守国际法及联合国宪章宗旨和原则，大国尤应带头。中国和爱尔兰都支持多 边主义，倡导国际公平正义，要在国际事务中加强协调合作，共同维护联合国权威，推动全球治理体系 朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。中欧双方要着眼长远， ...

【环球网报道 记者 李梓瑜】爱尔兰总理马丁1月4日乘机抵达北京首都国际机场，开启为期5天的访华行 程。马丁5日在社交平台X上发帖称，爱尔兰和中国之间存在巨大的双向投资机遇。 据英国路透社5日报道，作为14年来首位访问北京的爱尔兰总理，马丁表示，爱尔兰承认中国在国际事 务中"不可或缺的重要作用"，并强调中国在促进世界和平方面的作用。马丁还强调爱尔兰在开放贸易问 题上的立场，并在谈到与中国的贸易关系时说，"我们认为，努力实现开放贸易至关重要，因为我们认 识到世界是相互依存的"。 马丁在帖文中表示，他在北京与爱尔兰贸易与科技局和爱尔兰投资发展局的客户公司举行了富有成效的 会议。"可以明确的一点是，爱尔兰和中国之间存在巨大的双向投资机遇，利于促进爱尔兰经济增长"。 作为今年首位访华的欧洲国家领导人，马丁此次访问受到外界广泛关注。"贸易，欧盟：爱尔兰打头 阵，赴北京探路"，法国《论坛报》4日以此为题报道称，这是14年来爱尔兰政府首脑首次访华。此访持 续到周四，旨在都柏林即将于7月接任欧盟轮值主席国之际，巩固双边经贸关系，并加强中欧之间的商 业关系与对话。 ...

据欧洲《现代外交》杂志网站5日报道，此次接触凸显了在中国与欧盟关系紧张之际，中方采取的逐个与欧盟成员国接触的策略。随着中欧在 贸易、技术和关税方面的争端升级，北京方面视爱尔兰为缓解摩擦的潜在桥梁。对爱尔兰而言，此次会谈正值中国对欧盟乳制品加征关税，影 响到其关键出口部门之际，这使得在欧盟内部平衡开放贸易与政治立场变得更加重要。 文章称，预计马丁在前往上海进行访问期间，双方将继续进行磋商，贸易、技术合作和多边问题将是重点议题。尽管关税紧张局势依然存在， 爱尔兰可能会利用其欧盟轮值主席国的身份，推动北京和布鲁塞尔之间的对话。中爱关系的进一步加强能否转化为中欧关系的更广泛改善，将 取决于双方如何处理日益加剧的经济和战略分歧。 刘春生认为，爱尔兰的欧盟轮值主席国身份为中欧关系提供了新的沟通桥梁与对话窗口。爱尔兰一贯秉持务实、开放的对华态度，理解并支持 欧中发展建设性关系。在其担任轮值主席国期间，有望推动中欧在气候变化、数字治理、经贸平衡等议题上增进理解、探索合作。 据爱尔兰广播电视台5日报道，马丁随后参观了北京故宫。在北京期间，他还将与爱中商界领袖等进行会面。报道称，此次访问正值欧盟与中 国之间贸易紧张局势加剧之际， ...

Group 1 - The World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body has been "inactive" for nearly six years due to the United States' unilateral and protectionist measures that undermine WTO principles [1][4] - Pascal Lamy, former WTO Director-General, suggests that the WTO must adapt to new realities and continue to operate even without U.S. participation [1][4] - Lamy emphasizes the urgent need for collective action to address climate change, as 90% of the global population is affected by environmental crises [1][3] Group 2 - Lamy identifies two main issues in international trade: the lack of enforceable regulations despite global agreements and the U.S.'s non-cooperation, which hampers international progress [4][6] - He advocates for a platform to address North-South tensions and believes that international trade and labor division can benefit the environment [4][5] - Lamy proposes a comprehensive forum on climate change and trade, emphasizing the need for open discussions based on expertise rather than negotiations [5] Group 3 - The transition from "fast globalization" to "slow globalization" is noted, with international trade still growing but at a slower pace [6][7] - Lamy highlights three characteristics of the current multilateral trade system: weaponization of trade, U.S. protectionism, and the rise of preventive trade measures due to public health and environmental concerns [6][8] - He points out that while the U.S. accounts for only 13% of global imports, the remaining 87% of countries can maintain a stable global trade system if not affected by protectionism [7] Group 4 - China is identified as a major player in global trade, with a projected total import and export value of 43.85 trillion yuan in 2024, a 5% increase year-on-year [9] - Lamy advises that companies must enhance their strategic flexibility and adaptability in response to geopolitical and technological changes [9][10] - Digitalization is recognized as a new variable affecting global trade, with digital technologies lowering transaction costs and facilitating service trade growth [10] Group 5 - Reform of the WTO is deemed necessary, particularly in balancing power between members and the secretariat to improve decision-making efficiency [10] - Lamy calls for the WTO to enhance trade facilitation in areas such as trade, environment, e-commerce, and subsidy disciplines [10]

Core Viewpoint - The World Trade Organization (WTO) appellate body has been "inactive" for nearly six years due to the United States' unilateral and protectionist measures, which have undermined the organization's principles and obstructed the appointment of appellate body members [2][3] Group 1: WTO's Current Situation - The WTO appellate body officially ceased operations on December 11, 2019, after over 20 years of functioning [2] - Pascal Lamy, former WTO Director-General, suggests that the WTO must adapt to new realities and continue to operate even without U.S. participation [2][3] - Lamy warns that avoiding large-scale wars and environmental degradation should be prioritized in the coming years, as 90% of the global population is affected by these crises [2] Group 2: Climate Change and Trade - Lamy emphasizes the need for a friendly trade environment to protect against the harmful effects of environmental degradation while utilizing Earth's resources more effectively [3][4] - There is a lack of consensus between developed and developing countries on addressing climate change, necessitating a platform to resolve North-South tensions [3] - Existing global agreements lack enforceable regulations, leading to fragmented actions that could escalate trade frictions [3][4] Group 3: Global Trade Regulations - Some global regulations have pointed the way to resolving trade disputes, but trade protectionism remains a significant barrier [4] - Lamy notes that developed countries often adopt avoidance strategies regarding climate issues, while some developing countries resist discussions that could lead to negotiations within the WTO [4][5] - A proposed comprehensive forum on climate change and trade could facilitate discussions based on expertise and openness, rather than formal negotiations [5] Group 4: The Future of Global Trade - Lamy argues that the world must pursue open trade, environmental protection, and domestic economic development simultaneously, especially for developing countries [5][6] - The transition from "fast globalization" to "slow globalization" is underway, with international trade still growing but at a slower pace [6] - The new normal of the multilateral trade system is characterized by trade weaponization, U.S. protectionism, and the rise of preventive trade measures due to public health and environmental concerns [6][7] Group 5: China's Role in Global Trade - China's total import and export value is projected to reach 43.85 trillion yuan in 2024, a 5% increase year-on-year, with exports growing by 7.1% and imports by 2.3% [7] - As a major player in global trade, China must balance its macroeconomic rebalancing with the need to explore emerging markets and optimize trade structures [7][8] Group 6: Digitalization and Trade - Digitalization is reshaping global trade dynamics by lowering transaction costs and facilitating service trade growth [8] - However, significant differences in data governance and regulatory frameworks across countries create new barriers for service trade [8] Group 7: Reforming the WTO - The WTO faces a systemic contradiction as the U.S. participates in decision-making while having withdrawn from its constraints [9] - Lamy calls for reforms to improve the WTO's structure and efficiency to better address complex new issues [9] - A rebalancing of power between members and the secretariat is necessary to enhance decision-making efficiency within the WTO [9]

Core Viewpoint - The world is facing challenges in globalization, but it is transitioning from "fast globalization" to "slow globalization" rather than retreating from globalization altogether [1][2] Group 1: Globalization Trends - Pascal Lamy emphasizes that the overall scale of international trade is still growing, although the growth rate is slowing down [1] - The perception of globalization's social impact varies across different regions, indicating a complex landscape [1] Group 2: WTO Challenges - Lamy suggests that the power structure between WTO members and the secretariat needs to be rebalanced to improve decision-making efficiency [1] - The current imbalance, where member powers are too great and the secretariat's role is insufficient, hinders the WTO's effectiveness [1] - There is a need to promote trade facilitation in areas such as trade, environment, e-commerce, and subsidy disciplines [1] Group 3: China's Role in Global Trade - China is urged to continue its macroeconomic rebalancing between production and consumption while expanding into emerging markets and optimizing trade structure [2] - As a significant player in globalization, China will continue to play a crucial role in the current and next phases of globalization [2] Group 4: Environmental Considerations - Lamy highlights the necessity of protecting the environment while maintaining open trade, addressing the dual challenges of decarbonization and biodiversity preservation [2] - Balancing environmental protection with open trade is complex but essential to avoid exacerbating existing international tensions [2]

Group 1 - The Chinese government will continue to impose anti-dumping duties on certain imported polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) products from the US, Japan, South Korea, and Malaysia starting December 1, with rates as high as 220.9% for US companies and between 25.2% and 69.1% for Japanese companies, signaling a strong response to external pressures and a commitment to protecting domestic industry [1][3][5] - The PPS industry in China requires protection due to past market disruptions from 2015 to 2018, which led to significant production cuts among domestic companies, prompting a successful anti-dumping investigation that resulted in the current duties [3][5] - PPS is a critical material in high-end manufacturing, with applications in automotive, electronics, and aerospace sectors, and the demand for PPS is expected to rise with the growth of the electric vehicle market, highlighting the potential risks of low-priced imports [5][7] Group 2 - The differentiated tax rates reflect the severity of dumping, with the highest rate for US companies indicating significant price undercutting, while Japanese companies benefit from a lower rate due to their technological and quality advantages, ensuring fair competition in the domestic market [5][7] - China's strategy aims to create a complex economic relationship that protects domestic industries while remaining open to cooperation with countries that adhere to market rules, sending a warning to nations engaging in unfair competition [7] - The geopolitical landscape requires smaller countries to navigate their positions carefully, as they may face pressure from larger economies, with China's tariff measures serving as a broader warning to the international market about the importance of maintaining independence and cooperation [7]

Core Viewpoint - The UAE is committed to promoting open, rules-based international trade to foster global sustainable economic growth [1] Group 1: Trade Initiatives - The UAE's Minister of Foreign Trade, Thani Al Zeyoudi, emphasized the importance of open trade during the first ministerial meeting of the FITP [1] - A "Ministerial Declaration on Supply Chain Resilience" was released to enhance cooperation in addressing supply chain risks [1] Group 2: Digital Trade - The UAE has initiated a working group focused on digital and paperless trade to promote the adoption of international standards [1]

Core Viewpoint - The eighth Hongqiao International Economic Forum emphasizes the importance of open trade and security development in the context of global economic challenges, including protectionism and unilateralism [1][3]. Group 1: Forum Overview - The forum, held in Shanghai, gathered nearly 20 experts from academia, strategy, business, and think tanks to discuss building an open, inclusive, and balanced global trade system [1]. - The event included the release of a think tank research report titled "Pathways to Coexistence in Trade Security Development between China and the World by 2050" [1][10]. Group 2: Key Themes and Discussions - Open trade is highlighted as a means to build trust among different governments and systems, promoting shared prosperity [5]. - The report emphasizes that future trade security will involve not only national strategies but also micro-level enterprise survival and macro-level governance [10]. - Experts agree that China's ongoing high-level opening-up efforts provide a stable foundation for reconstructing the global economic order amidst rising uncertainties [25][31]. Group 3: Expert Insights - Michelle Umulenge from Rwanda stressed that open trade is a driving force for peace and development, supported by initiatives like the Belt and Road [5]. - Jeffrey Sachs criticized the U.S. protectionist policies, arguing they undermine multilateralism and global prosperity [8][29]. - Martin Jacques noted a shift in global narratives from economic growth to security priorities, influenced by Western countries' strategies against China [17]. Group 4: Future Directions - The report outlines a vision for 2050, proposing a "coexistence security" model as a core pathway for trade development [10]. - It calls for innovative rules and collaborative global governance to address trade security challenges [10]. - The discussions highlighted the need for countries to seek balance through openness amidst structural changes in globalization [23][32].