近年来，国内消费市场的潜力与现实表现之间的落差，引发了广泛关注。我的那位从事进出口贸易的朋友，在一次饭局上无意间透露，尽管中国人口是美国 的四倍之多，但整体消费总额却远不及美国的一半，这不禁让人深思。庞大的人口基数，为何未能转化为相应的消费动能？是哪些深层因素制约了国人的消 费能力？今天，我们就来抽丝剥茧，深入剖析这一现象背后的复杂原因。 首先，高企的房价无疑是压在中国消费者身上的一座大山。一个在北京打拼的朋友，月薪税前三万，其中一半都贡献给了房贷，再加上日常开销、子女教 育、保险等，几乎所剩无几。他常常感叹，虽有可观的收入，却难以享受消费的乐趣，即使想买件心仪的奢侈品，也要再三思量。这种现象在大城市里普遍 存在，高房价直接挤压了人们的消费空间。反观美国，尽管房价也不便宜，但房价收入比相对合理，房贷负担较轻，人们有更多的可支配收入用于提升生活 品质，享受消费带来的愉悦。 投资观念的不同也影响着消费。中国人除了存银行外，主要投资于房产和股票，而美国人的投资方式更加多元化，包括度假、学习新技能、改善生活质量 等。这些投资虽然不能直接增加GDP，但能提高生活幸福感。中国人更倾向于将资金用于保值增值，而非改善当下的生 ...

（来源：经济日报） 转自：经济日报 租车自驾、租相机记录美景、租无人机航拍……这个国庆假期，"以租代买"的消费模式在年轻游客中悄 然兴起。 再如，更关注产品实际使用价值。年轻群体更看重即时体验与性价比，不愿为低频使用的高价商品买 单。广告词这样说，"不在乎天长地久，只在乎曾经拥有"。而现在，"以租代买"让用户将重点从"拥 有"转向"使用"。 正是看到这一趋势，众多平台与商家积极布局租赁业务，配套推出保险、维保与物流服务，进一步降低 了商品使用门槛。"以租代买"甚至反过来推动企业改变盈利模式与产品策略。 信用体系的完善也为租赁经济提供了支撑。第三方征信机构纷纷入场，逐步建立起适应新租赁场景的信 用规则。以信用代替押金，成为新租赁经济最显著的特征之一。 当然，"租经济"也面临挑战。随着可租赁品类与场景不断拓展，平台方需要在放宽信用门槛与控制履约 风险、坏账率之间找到平衡。"残值管理"也是行业共同难题——当产品因老化或过时而无法继续出租 时，是该回收利用还是折价出售？目前市场上尚未形成一套公认的、标准化的残值评估体系。 随着假日消费场景不断细分，租赁正从一种"临时选择"逐渐发展为"长期习惯"。伴随人工智能、物联网 ...

洞见 （ DJ00123987 ） —— 不一样的观点，不一样的故事， 3000 万人订阅的微信大号。点击标题下蓝字 " 洞见 " 关注，我们将为您提供有价值、有意思的 延伸阅读。 作者：洞见jinian 每一位今天的富人，很可能就是昨天的穷人。 ♬ 点上方播放按钮可收听 洞见主播楚翘朗读音频 想起之前刷到的一个提问： 为什么越穷的人，越喜欢把钱花在没用的地方？ 因为很多人控制不住享乐的欲望，缺乏延迟满足的定力。 他们习惯放纵享乐欲望，一拿到工资就忙着吃喝玩乐、四处旅游； 《贫穷的本质》一书中，讲过一个故事。 有次，作者到摩洛哥的一个偏远山村考察。 他发现村子里的小孩，大多都瘦得皮包骨，到他们家里一看，条件也十分艰辛。 但奇怪的是，几乎每家都有一台电视机。 作者就很纳闷，明明眼前就有温饱问题等着解决，为什么他们宁愿把钱拿来买电视机，也不愿意填饱肚子？ 村民的回答是：因为电视机比食物重要。 在他们看来，电视带来的即时满足，更容易让他们产生幸福感。 所以，哪怕他们一穷二白，也要把仅有的钱拿来买电视机。 01 他们也经受不住促销诱惑，不加思考就买买买，钱包很快就会见底。 却不知，钱是会选人的。 倘若一味挥霍无度，钱 ...

Core Insights - Despite declining bank deposit rates, Chinese residents show unprecedented enthusiasm for saving, with new deposits reaching 9.9 trillion yuan in Q1 2023, averaging over 3.3 trillion yuan per month [1] - The contradiction between high savings and the actual financial situation of most families is influenced by macroeconomic conditions and individual choices [1] Group 1: Factors Influencing Savings - The attractiveness of investment channels has decreased, leading to a surge in bank deposits as individuals seek safer options amid stock market volatility and poor performance of other investment products [3] - The uncertainty brought by the three-year pandemic has made people more cautious, prompting them to save more in anticipation of potential risks such as unemployment and health issues [4] Group 2: Disparities in Savings - The average savings figure of 80,000 yuan masks significant disparities, with 60-70% of families holding less than this amount, and only 0.37% of the population having savings over 500,000 yuan [5] - The distinction between personal savings and property value is crucial, as personal savings are highly liquid, while property is less easily converted to cash due to mortgage obligations [7] Group 3: Challenges to Accumulating Savings - The contradiction between income levels and living costs is evident, with most residents earning between 3,000 and 6,000 yuan monthly, making it difficult to save significantly amid rising living expenses [8] - Young people's consumption habits and debt levels contribute to low savings, with nearly 90% of those born in the 1990s carrying an average debt of 127,000 yuan [8] - High mortgage payments consume a large portion of household income, leaving little for savings, making the goal of reaching 400,000 yuan in savings nearly unattainable for many families [8] Group 4: Overall Economic Reflection - The high savings willingness among Chinese residents contrasts with the reality of most families' financial situations, highlighting the challenges faced in wealth accumulation amid economic development [9]

Core Insights - The article discusses the recent theft at the Louvre Museum in Paris, highlighting the vulnerability of French museums and the broader implications for French society and governance [5][6][9]. - It examines the political instability in France, particularly surrounding pension reforms and the rise of extreme political parties, which reflects a deep societal divide and economic challenges [10][11][14][15]. - The article also explores changing consumer behaviors in France, particularly among different socio-economic groups, and the rise of low-cost brands like Temu amid economic pressures [20][19][21]. Group 1: Theft at the Louvre - The theft involved four suspects who used electric tools to break into the museum and stole eight valuable items, raising concerns about security in French cultural institutions [6][9]. - The incident has sparked political outrage, with leaders expressing disappointment and anger over the state of security and governance in France [6][10]. Group 2: Political and Economic Context - France is experiencing a government crisis, with a "hung parliament" situation leading to difficulties in passing legislation, which undermines President Macron's authority [10]. - The country's fiscal situation is dire, with a deficit of 5.8% of GDP and a national debt of 114% of GDP, prompting credit rating downgrades from major agencies [11]. - The rise of extreme political parties reflects a shift in public sentiment, with traditional parties losing influence amid growing economic inequality [14][15]. Group 3: Consumer Behavior and Market Trends - The article notes a significant increase in poverty rates, with 9.2 million people living below the poverty line, leading to changes in consumer habits towards lower-priced goods [19][20]. - Temu, a low-cost e-commerce platform, has gained traction in France, with a market penetration rate of 11.9%, appealing to cost-conscious consumers [20]. - The luxury goods market remains strong, with French brands dominating, but there is a growing trend among younger consumers towards sustainability and ethical consumption [18][32]. Group 4: Opportunities for Chinese Brands - The article highlights successful Chinese brands like Huawei and TCL in the French market, emphasizing the importance of local partnerships and brand image [29][30]. - There is potential for growth in the food and beverage sector, particularly with tea and vegetarian options, as French consumers show interest in diverse culinary experiences [32][33]. - The rise of outdoor living and camping culture in France presents new market opportunities for related products, with a projected market size of $11 billion by 2031 [28].

Core Viewpoint - The former deputy governor of the central bank, Zhu Min, stated that housing prices are unlikely to rise significantly again, indicating a fundamental shift in the underlying support for housing prices in China [3]. Group 1: Population Structure - The birth rate in China has drastically declined, with the number of newborns dropping from 17.86 million in 2016 to an estimated 9.54 million in 2024, leading to a projected 50% reduction in annual new housing demand over the next 20 years [5]. - The willingness of the 25-30 age group to purchase homes has decreased from 65% to 48% over the past five years, indicating a shift in young people's attitudes towards home buying due to financial constraints [5]. Group 2: Land Finance - The revenue from land sales has halved, dropping from 8.7 trillion yuan in 2021 to 4.87 trillion yuan in 2024, disrupting the traditional cycle of land sales, developer purchases, and bank lending [7]. - The decline in housing demand has led to a halt in the entire real estate chain, affecting local governments, developers, and banks [7]. Group 3: Changing Perspectives - The traditional belief that "having a home means having a family" is being abandoned by younger generations, who are now reluctant to use their family's savings to purchase a home [9]. - The financial burden of homeownership is significant, with a typical family in Beijing needing to gather 1.5 million yuan for a down payment and facing monthly mortgage payments that consume a large portion of their income [9]. Group 4: Economic Implications - There are two conflicting views regarding housing prices: one argues that high prices suppress consumer spending, while the other fears that falling prices will reduce household wealth and consumption [10]. - The government's stance is clear in the "14th Five-Year Plan," which aims to curb real estate speculation and shift focus towards new economic drivers such as electric vehicles and artificial intelligence [10]. Group 5: Future Outlook - Based on international experiences, it is projected that China's housing market may bottom out around 2027, following a similar adjustment period seen in Japan and the U.S. [11]. - Major cities like Beijing and Shanghai may stabilize by 2026, with expected annual price increases of 3%-5%, while smaller cities may face greater adjustment pressures [11]. Group 6: Long-term Transformation - The transition from viewing real estate as an investment to recognizing it as a necessity will involve challenges, including asset volatility for current homeowners and economic uncertainties for potential buyers [12]. - Ultimately, the goal is to ensure that home buying does not deplete family savings, allowing other industries to thrive and contributing to sustainable economic growth in China [12].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the dilemma of spending versus saving, emphasizing that while time can be a friend of compound interest, it can also be an enemy of life, suggesting that money should be spent to enjoy life rather than hoarded as mere numbers [1][2]. Group 1: Spending Philosophy - The notion that money not spent is essentially meaningless, as it represents a debt owed by society that remains unfulfilled [2]. - The idea that delaying spending reduces the joy derived from that spending, as happiness diminishes over time [4]. - A perspective that suggests individuals should prioritize spending on quality products, such as Tesla for electric vehicles and Apple or Samsung for phones [7]. Group 2: Personal Financial Guidelines - Recommendations for car purchases suggest that spending on a vehicle should ideally not exceed a certain percentage of annual income, with specific thresholds mentioned (e.g., cars under 300,000 should not exceed annual income) [9]. - A common guideline among investors is to limit personal consumption to a small percentage of total assets, typically around 1% to 5% [11][13]. - The article highlights that the decision to buy should be based on personal feelings and circumstances rather than external standards, emphasizing individual needs [13]. Group 3: Emotional Considerations - The emotional aspect of purchasing decisions is highlighted, suggesting that if one feels conflicted about a purchase, it may be better to refrain from buying [13]. - The joy derived from experiences and purchases in the present is argued to outweigh potential future gains, advocating for enjoying life now rather than postponing happiness [14].

Group 1 - The discussion focused on the living costs and consumption concepts of the youth, aiming to understand their current situation and needs [1][3] - Youth representatives expressed concerns about the pressure from living costs and the challenges in making consumption choices, sharing personal experiences [3] - Suggestions included increasing housing support for youth, especially new citizens and recent graduates, through more talent apartments and flexible rental subsidy policies to alleviate the burden of rent and mortgage [3] Group 2 - Recommendations were made to optimize urban public transportation networks to reduce commuting time and economic costs [3] - Youth expressed a desire for more inclusive skill enhancement and cultural activities to enrich their leisure time while minimizing developmental expenditure [3] - There was a call for improved consumer guidance to help youth plan their finances more scientifically, enhancing their ability to avoid consumption traps and excessive spending [3] Group 3 - The local government representatives acknowledged the feedback from youth and committed to acting as a bridge to ensure that every voice is heard and every demand is addressed [3] - The initiative aims to support youth in settling down and thriving in Shijiazhuang [3]

Core Viewpoints - The article emphasizes the importance of establishing a solid material foundation before pursuing spiritual satisfaction, highlighting the impulsive consumption habits of the younger generation and the long-term consequences of such behavior [1][2][4]. Group 1: Consumption Behavior - The article discusses the impulsive consumption behavior of the younger generation, exemplified by a case of a tenant who prioritizes car loans over paying rent and utilities [1]. - It contrasts this with the author's own experience of saving diligently to purchase property, which has proven to be a more valuable investment compared to the depreciating value of luxury goods [1][5]. - The concept of delayed gratification is introduced, illustrated by a candy experiment where only a small percentage of children could wait for a greater reward, suggesting that many struggle with long-term financial planning [2][4]. Group 2: Social Implications of Saving - The article raises concerns about the broader social implications of widespread saving behavior, questioning how a collective focus on frugality could lead to reduced consumption and increased unemployment [3][4]. - It argues that while individual saving is beneficial, if everyone adopts the same mindset, it could harm the economy and lead to job losses [3][4]. Group 3: Personal Reflections on Spending - The author reflects on personal experiences of saving money during college, expressing regret over not spending on experiences that could have created lasting memories [7][8]. - There is a discussion on the balance between saving and spending, emphasizing the need for young individuals to learn financial responsibility while also enjoying life [6][11]. Group 4: Generational Perspectives - The article highlights the differences in financial perspectives between generations, noting that older generations may not fully understand the spending habits of younger individuals [12][14]. - It suggests that societal diversity in consumption habits is essential, and that each generation has its own unique financial challenges and opportunities [12][14].

Core Viewpoint - The phenomenon of a young woman in Shanghai frequently avoiding payment for her purchases reflects a concerning trend in consumer behavior among some young people, highlighting issues with their consumption values and the need for guidance in responsible spending [1][3]. Group 1: Consumer Behavior - The young woman has developed a habit of finding excuses to avoid payment, which indicates a potential psychological issue of escaping reality and seeking comfort through material consumption [3]. - This behavior not only causes direct economic losses for businesses but also disrupts the normal functioning of the market economy, negatively impacting other consumers and potentially leading to increased prices or decreased service quality [3][4]. Group 2: Social Implications - The actions of this individual reflect a shift in societal values and a lack of personal integrity, as some individuals excessively pursue material enjoyment while neglecting the importance of honesty and responsibility [3]. - The competitive and employment pressures in society may drive some young people to adopt avoidance strategies regarding payment, further exacerbating the issue [3]. Group 3: Solutions and Recommendations - A comprehensive approach is needed to address this issue, including strengthening consumer rights protection, increasing penalties for evasion of payment, and enhancing public awareness of integrity and responsibility [4][6]. - Businesses should improve risk management and service quality, while family education and psychological counseling are essential to help individuals develop correct values and a healthy mindset [4][6]. - Collaborative efforts from businesses, society, and legal frameworks are necessary to promote healthy market development and instill the importance of honest consumption among young people [6].