金秋九月，佛山市高明区大布村的澳洲坚果种植示范基地里，饱满翠绿的坚果挂满枝头，农户们正忙着 采摘。采摘后的坚果在山下分拣、烘干，下一步就要拉入加工厂进行深加工，最终才能成为人们熟知 的"夏威夷果"。 除了为当地的山村带来经济收入，这片近万亩的坚果林更代表着广东省深化集体林权制度改革在地方上 的一个有益探索。近年来，广东以绿美广东生态建设为核心导向，深化集体林权制度改革，推动林业产 业走向转型升级。 南都N视频记者梳理全省已有的案例发现，"沉睡"的林业资源渐渐成为"活资本"，也利好广东从林业大 省"进化"为林业强省。有专家认为，当前广东省深化集体林权制度改革可以看作是对"林改四 问"（即"山要怎么分""树要怎么砍""钱从哪里来""单家独户怎么办"）进行的一次系统性、集成式的"广 东作答"。 现状 林地经营权实现多种方式流转 多地市以林业带动地方经济"开源" 广东作为林业大省，林业产业总产值约占全国十分之一。但集体林地经营碎片化、分散化一直都是制约 林业发展的主要瓶颈。 改革的关键在于"活"字。2024年8月，《广东省深化集体林权制度改革实施方案》（以下简称《实施方 案》）正式公布，《实施方案》要求，通过深化集体 ...

(乡村行·看振兴)福建大田：青山变"银行" 红菇成"金元" 中新网三明9月16日电 (吴贵戊 姜光伟)初秋时节，在福建省大田县东风农场盂坂自然村阔叶林下，村民 们正忙着采摘红菇。盂坂村阔叶林覆盖率达92%，今年红菇干品产量预计可达1500余公斤，户均分红近 12万元，是2006年分散经营时的23倍。 "以前红菇林没人管，村民、外人都来抢，一年少收上千公斤，树也快砍完了，真是'山秃了，菇也没 了'。"对此，村民刘晓燕记忆犹新。那时，红菇林因产权不清、管理无序陷入"生态与发展双赤字"，成 为制约村民增收的拦路虎。 转机源于集体林权制度改革的稳步推进。2008年推行"分林到户、确权颁证"，2023年聚焦"活权、用 权、增效"，经过两轮林改，盂坂村确立"分股不分山、分利不分林"核心方针，将集体山林资产折股量 化到户，由村集体统一经营或引入合作社规模经营，凝聚起"护山方能富山"的全村共识。 "现在谁也舍不得砍树，烤菇用的木炭都从外地买，这林子可是我们的'绿色宝藏'。"盂坂村护林队队员 苏顺灶说。 野生红菇对生长环境要求极为严苛，仅能自然繁衍于阔叶林中湿润高温的腐殖层，无法进行人工栽培。 为守护红菇生长的"根基"，村里组 ...

Core Viewpoint - The development of suburban parks in Suzhou is addressing the increasing demand for outdoor recreational spaces while balancing ecological protection and economic growth [1][2][7]. Group 1: Visitor Trends and Economic Impact - The Yushan Eagle Line Suburban Park received 164,000 visitors during the "May Day" holiday, a year-on-year increase of 41.38%, with total annual visitors exceeding 2.35 million last year, generating nearly 200 million yuan in revenue for local agritourism and homestays [1][7]. - In 2023, Suzhou's suburban parks hosted over 90 outdoor activities, attracting a total of 4.35 million visitors, indicating a positive cycle of ecological and economic benefits [7]. Group 2: Resource Management and Infrastructure Development - Suzhou faces a contradiction between high demand for natural spaces and limited forest resources, leading to a reform in collective forest rights and the establishment of suburban parks [2][4]. - The city has identified 27 potential areas for suburban parks and is focusing on developing nine key mountainous parks this year, integrating ecological health and infrastructure improvements [2][3]. Group 3: Community Engagement and Sustainable Practices - The construction of suburban parks emphasizes ecological priority, public welfare, and resource conservation, with no new construction or increased burdens on local governance [4][5]. - A multi-stakeholder management model has been adopted, involving community participation in activities like trash cleanup and educational programs, fostering a culture of shared responsibility for park sustainability [5][6]. Group 4: Future Developments and Strategic Goals - The second batch of suburban parks is set to launch before the National Day holiday, expanding the green space framework in Suzhou and promoting a three-tier park system [7]. - The integration of collective forest rights reform is seen as a key driver for transforming ecological value into economic benefits, enhancing the harmony between people and nature in Suzhou [7].

据悉，为确保每张林下经济收益权证都"含金量"十足，封开县大力推动确权工作的标准化、规范化与规 模化，组织专业力量，结合遥感测绘、地面调查等技术，对林下经济资源的种类、规模及预期产出进行 科学评估与精准勘界，建立一套客观、公允的价值评估体系。此外，封开县还积极探索将林菌、林药、 林禽、森林旅游、碳汇开发等林下经济业态的预期收益权纳入登记范围，形成覆盖林下经济全业态的产 权认定体系，为更多经营主体提供融资"入场券"。 发放林业经营收益权证是广东深化集体林权制度改革，探索解决集体林地经营"钱从哪里来？"问题的有 效模式。 南方财经记者张梦琦 实习生黄舒憶 杨凌霜 广州报道 近日，肇庆封开县首期林下经济收益权证授信签约仪式举行，广东仙草岭农业发展有限公司获颁发全省 首张林下经济收益权证，并获得封开农商银行授信支持。这标志着该县在深化集体林权制度改革中取得 关键突破，为全省破解林业融资难题提供了"封开方案"。 长期以来，因林权附属资源难以评估、抵押，林业经营主体面临融资困境，林下经济发展受限。2024 年，肇庆市封开县被确定为全省深化集体林权制度改革先行探索县。结合实际，封开县积极探索林下经 济收益权证模式，加快集体林 ...

破解林业融资难 广东发出首张林下经济收益权证 中新网广州9月10日电 (程景伟 林荫)据广东省林业局10日消息，广东省肇庆市封开县近日举行首期林下 经济收益权证授信签约仪式，发出全省首张林下经济收益权证。这标志着该县在深化集体林权制度改革 中取得关键突破，为广东破解林业融资难题提供了"封开方案"。 长期以来，因林权附属资源难以评估、抵押，林业经营主体面临融资困境，林下经济发展受限。2024 年，肇庆市封开县被确定为广东省深化集体林权制度改革先行探索县。结合实际，封开县积极探索林下 经济收益权证模式，加快集体林地"三权分置"，拓展林地经营权能，力求解决林下经济发展中经营主体 融资难的问题。 据悉，为确保每张林下经济收益权证都"含金量"十足，封开县大力推动确权工作的标准化、规范化与规 模化，组织专业力量，结合遥感测绘、地面调查等技术，对林下经济资源的种类、规模及预期产出进行 科学评估与精准勘界，建立一套客观、公允的价值评估体系。 同时，封开县还积极探索将林菌、林药、林禽、森林旅游、碳汇开发等林下经济业态的预期收益权纳入 登记范围，形成覆盖林下经济全业态的产权认定体系，为更多经营主体提供融资"入场券"。 近年来，广 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful approval of a 300,000 yuan loan secured by collective forest land rights in Dongtai City, marking a significant breakthrough in the province's collective forest rights reform and forestry asset financing [1][2]. Group 1: Collective Forest Rights Reform - Dongtai City is designated as a pilot for collective forest rights reform, with a focus on unifying land rights registration [2]. - The city has completed cadastral surveys for 100 parcels of collective forest land, totaling 1,403 acres, and has entered all data into the property registration database [2]. - Six property rights certificates for collective forest land have been issued, promoting the standardization and legalization of forest rights protection [2]. Group 2: Economic and Ecological Benefits - The reform aims to transform ecological resources into financial assets, with initiatives to enhance the value of ecological products and promote diversified management models [2][3]. - The city plans to implement a compensation mechanism for ecological protection and has begun establishing a carbon credit compensation system in collaboration with local judicial authorities [2]. - The overall strategy is to achieve multiple benefits, including ecological enhancement, industrial efficiency, and increased income for forest farmers [3].

Core Viewpoint - The evolution of forestry finance in Fujian has undergone significant transformation, driven by innovative models such as forest rights mortgage loans and various financial products, aimed at addressing funding challenges in the forestry sector while promoting both ecological and economic benefits [1][2][3]. Group 1: Development Stages and Achievements - Fujian's forestry finance has progressed through four stages: exploration, breaking the ice, upgrading, and re-launching, guided by the principle of "opening the bank door and revitalizing the mountains" [2]. - The introduction of policies at the national level has established forest rights as valid collateral, enhancing the framework for forestry finance [2][3]. - As of the second quarter of 2025, the total forestry-related loan balance in Fujian reached 166.23 billion, a year-on-year increase of 14.87%, benefiting 444,000 forestry operators [3]. Group 2: Innovations in Forestry Finance - The forest rights mortgage loan model separates the use rights of forest land from collective ownership, creating various guarantee rights, although market circulation remains constrained by inadequate external mechanisms [4]. - The introduction of Linpiao 1.0 and Linpiao 2.0 models has addressed issues related to the small-scale structure of collective forest rights and the complexity of forest management, with Linpiao 2.0 offering standardized processes and improved liquidity [4][5]. - The integration of carbon credit finance and digital financial technologies has expanded the asset base for forestry loans, with innovative projects like "One Yuan Carbon Credit" and blockchain platforms enhancing financing options for forestry operators [6][7]. Group 3: Policy Recommendations and Systematic Thinking - Recommendations for further development include deepening forest rights reform, improving evaluation systems, and establishing a comprehensive risk management mechanism for forest rights mortgage loans [5]. - The experience from Fujian emphasizes the importance of a people-centered approach, combining top-level design with grassroots innovation, and fostering cross-departmental collaboration to address challenges in forestry finance [8]. - The iterative innovation process in Fujian's forestry finance reflects a "contradiction-driven reform," balancing long-term investment returns with short-term financing needs, and addressing the inherent risks associated with forestry [8].

Core Viewpoint - The joint issuance of the "Notice on Financial Support for High-Quality Development of Forestry" by the People's Bank of China, the Financial Regulatory Bureau, and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration aims to enhance financial services for the forestry sector, promoting high-quality development in line with ecological sustainability principles [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Services and Innovations - The "Notice" emphasizes the need to innovate mortgage loan products and services related to forest rights, expand the range of mortgaged forest rights, and extend loan terms legally and compliantly [1][2]. - It encourages the establishment of forest rights storage institutions in suitable regions and promotes social capital involvement in forest rights storage guarantee services [1][2]. - The document calls for optimizing the forest rights value assessment mechanism, establishing unified assessment standards, and improving the scientific and rational nature of assessment methods [1][2]. Group 2: Financial Support Mechanisms - The "Notice" highlights the importance of focusing on key ecological projects like national reserve forests and the "Three North" project, exploring diversified investment mechanisms to strengthen financial service demand alignment [2]. - It requires the establishment of a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products, supporting the transformation of forestry ecological product values, and optimizing financing services for these products using digital technologies [2]. Group 3: Policy Implementation and Coordination - The "Notice" mandates the establishment of a financial support mechanism for forestry reform and development, creating effective collaboration and information exchange platforms to ensure policy measures are implemented [3]. - It emphasizes the need for the People's Bank of China and other departments to accelerate the implementation of the "Notice," ensuring smooth financing connections between government, banks, and enterprises [3].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China, along with financial regulatory authorities, has issued a notification to enhance financial support for the high-quality development of forestry, outlining 15 specific measures across five key areas [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Support Measures - The notification emphasizes the need to innovate mortgage loan products related to forest rights, expand the range of mortgaged forest rights, and legally extend loan terms [1][2]. - It encourages the establishment of forest rights storage institutions in suitable regions and promotes social capital involvement in forest rights storage guarantee services [1][2]. - A unified evaluation standard for forest rights value assessment is to be developed, enhancing the scientific and rational nature of evaluation methods [1][2]. Group 2: Financing Mechanisms - The notification focuses on the construction of national reserve forests and other significant ecological projects, exploring diversified investment mechanisms to strengthen financial service demand alignment [2]. - It aims to provide tailored financial products and services for forestry operations, addressing financing needs for various aspects such as raw material storage and logistics [2]. - The use of structural monetary policy tools is encouraged to broaden direct financing channels for forestry enterprises and increase funding support in the sector [2]. Group 3: Risk Management and Collaboration - The notification proposes the development of a forest insurance product system, including index insurance and income insurance, to enhance risk management capabilities [2]. - A comprehensive risk management mechanism for mortgage loans related to forest rights is to be established, integrating assessment, insurance, regulation, and storage [2]. - Local authorities are tasked with creating a financial support mechanism for forestry reform and development, facilitating effective collaboration and information exchange [2][3].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China, along with financial regulatory authorities and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, has issued a notification to enhance financial support for high-quality development in forestry, emphasizing the integration of ecological and economic benefits through various financial measures [1][4]. Group 1: Financial Services for Collective Forest Rights Reform - The notification outlines 15 specific measures to deepen financial services related to collective forest rights reform, including expanding the scope of mortgaged forest rights and innovating loan products [1][4]. - It encourages the establishment of forest rights storage institutions and the optimization of forest rights value assessment mechanisms to enhance the scientific and reasonable nature of evaluations [5][6]. Group 2: Financial Support for Key Ecological Projects - The notification emphasizes the need to focus on national reserve forest construction and major ecological projects like the "Three North" project, exploring diversified investment mechanisms and enhancing financial service alignment with project needs [2][9]. - It calls for the development of a comprehensive insurance product system for forests, including index insurance and income insurance, to strengthen risk management in forestry financing [2][8]. Group 3: High-Quality Development of the Forestry Industry - Financial support will be increased for moderate-scale forestry operations, with tailored financial products and services to meet the needs of family-run and cooperative forestry businesses [10][11]. - The notification promotes the integration of forestry's primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, encouraging financial institutions to support the development of specialty industries and sustainable practices [10][12]. Group 4: Mechanisms for Realizing Ecological Product Value - The notification supports the transformation of ecological product values, particularly in carbon sink resource management, and encourages financial institutions to innovate financing products and services [13][14]. - It highlights the importance of utilizing digital technologies to enhance the accessibility and security of financing for ecological products [13][14]. Group 5: Policy Support and Risk Management - The notification calls for increased funding support through various monetary policy tools to guide financial institutions in enhancing credit support for the forestry sector [14][15]. - It emphasizes the establishment of a comprehensive risk management mechanism for forest rights mortgage loans, including regular monitoring and assessment of loan performance [15][16].