Group 1 - The Chinese government has prioritized ozone layer protection since joining the Vienna Convention in 1989 and the Montreal Protocol in 1991, implementing the first national plan for phasing out ozone-depleting substances (ODS) in 1993 [1] - The recently released National Plan (2025-2030) aims to phase out HCFCs and is the first six-year plan for reducing both ODS and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), aligning with Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thoughts and promoting green, low-carbon development in related industries [1][2] - The National Plan mandates a ban on HCFCs in the extruded polystyrene foam and polyurethane foam industries starting July 1, 2026, with varying challenges in compliance due to the complexity of alternatives in the polyurethane sector [2] Group 2 - The National Plan enhances management of ODS production, sales, and usage, requiring sales units to only sell to entities with production or usage quotas, thereby improving the regulatory framework and monitoring capabilities [3] - The implementation of mobile monitoring equipment has significantly increased the ability to detect illegal production and use of ODS, contributing to the enforcement of the National Plan [3] - Foam enterprises are encouraged to comply with the National Plan, utilize the information management system, and report illegal activities to achieve the complete phase-out of HCFC-141b, thereby supporting ozone layer protection and sustainable industry development [3]

房贷是许多家庭的重要支出项目和经济负担。图/IC photo 不过，虽然个人理论上可以参与碳排放权的买卖和交易，但由于个人碳减排量相对"小散"，一般居民个 人的减排量远未达到可以上市交易的标准。然而，通过第三方平台归集，个人减排量可"打包"达到交易 门槛。 此次，武汉市民通过乘坐公共交通减少的碳排放，可以转化为实实在在的经济收益，即房贷利息的减 免。这种"低碳即收益"的即时激励模式，有望提高市民参与低碳生活的积极性。 事实上，类似的"碳积分"奖励做法并不鲜见。此前，多地曾尝试过用个人碳减排量兑换商品或服务，如 兑换电影票、购物券等，但这些做法大多局限于小额奖励。此次，武汉直接将碳减排与个人房贷挂钩， 很具吸引力。 毕竟，房贷是许多家庭的重要支出项目和经济负担，通过日常低碳出行就能在一定程度减轻这一压力， 有望激发更多市民选择绿色低碳出行。 房贷利息的减免意味着需要有人承担一定的成本，这部分资金从何而来？据业内人士介绍，此次武汉坐 地铁公交可抵扣房贷利息，其资金正是来源于相关合作银行。当然，银行此举，一方面体现了履行社会 责任，助力碳达峰、碳中和，进入"绿色金融"新业态的积极姿态，一方面，也可以起到为自己引流获 ...

在碧波万顷的福建海域，一项具有里程碑意义的能源工程近日圆满落幕——全球最大单机容量的海上风电机组成功并网发电，标志着我国在可再生能源领域 的技术创新与工程实践能力再次迈上新台阶，为全球清洁能源转型贡献了重要力量。 这一壮举不仅是中国风电技术进步的直接体现，更是对"碳达峰、碳中和"目标承诺的坚定践行。该海上风电机组单机容量达到了前所未有的规模，其巨大的 叶片缓缓转动间，将无尽的海风转化为源源不断的绿色电能，有效提升了风能资源的利用效率，降低了单位电量的生产成本，为沿海地区乃至全国的能源结 构优化提供了强有力的支撑。 福建，作为中国沿海经济发达且风能资源丰富的省份，长期以来一直是海上风电发展的前沿阵地。此次全球最大单机容量风电机组的成功部署，得益于福建 得天独厚的自然条件与地方政府对新能源产业的大力支持。项目选址经过精心考量，确保了机组能够充分利用海上稳定而强劲的风力资源，同时减少了对海 洋生态环境的影响，实现了经济效益与生态保护的双赢。 技术层面，该机组的研发与安装凝聚了众多科研人员与工程师的智慧与汗水。从叶片材料的创新设计，到发电机效率的极致优化，再到智能监控系统的集成 应用，每一项技术突破都彰显了我国在高端 ...

Core Viewpoint - The meeting emphasized the importance of ecological environment protection in Hunan Province, aiming to build a harmonious relationship between humans and nature while addressing existing issues and shortcomings in environmental governance [1][2]. Group 1: Ecological Environment Protection Goals - The meeting highlighted the need to focus on achieving the "14th Five-Year" ecological protection goals while addressing existing problems and planning for the "15th Five-Year" period [2]. - A commitment to combat pollution through targeted strategies, ensuring that environmental governance is both practical and forward-looking [2]. Group 2: Strategies for Improvement - The meeting called for a systematic approach to pollution prevention, emphasizing tailored solutions based on local conditions and the importance of coordinated efforts across sectors [2]. - There is a strong focus on promoting green and low-carbon development, including strict environmental project approvals and the elimination of outdated production capacities [2]. - The need for technological innovation to enhance industrial quality and reduce environmental impact was underscored [2]. Group 3: Governance and Public Awareness - The meeting stressed the importance of strengthening ecological safety measures and enhancing regulatory enforcement to ensure effective environmental protection [2]. - It called for deepening ecological civilization reforms and improving the governance system for ecological environments [2]. - The necessity of fostering a collective sense of responsibility among the public for environmental protection was emphasized, aiming to create a culture where everyone contributes [2].

全国已有700座在国家能源局注册备案！ 大坝数量和整体安全形势不断迈上新台阶 5月8日，随着金沙江上游巴塘水电站大坝完成备案，我国在国家能源局注册（含备案）的运行水电站大坝数量达到700座，总装机规模突破3.34亿千瓦， 总库容超5191亿立方米，分别占到全国水电总装机容量的76%，全国水库总库容的52%。 电力行业的水电站大坝多是高坝大库，是直接关系人民群众生命财产安全、能源安全、流域生态安全和经济社会发展大局的"国之重器"。近年来，面对全 球气候变化加剧、极端天气频发、地质灾害多发等新挑战，在国家能源局党组的坚强领导下，大坝中心与国家能源局各派出机构、地方能源主管部门、电 力企业齐抓共管，水电站大坝注册登记、定期检查、隐患治理、监测监控、应急管理、信息化建设、科技研发、法规与标准化建设等各项工作稳中有进。 抓实管理，大坝运维水平整体提升。近年来，国家能源局先后开展水电站和小散远发电企业安全风险隐患排查整治专项行动、水电站大坝安全提升专项行 动和能源电力领域安全生产治本攻坚三年行动，围绕规模小、分布散、地处偏远、基础薄弱的管理服务对象和输水发电系统、泄洪消能设施等小切口，提 供横向到边、纵向到底的下沉式、穿 ...

Economic Overview - The Central Political Bureau meeting emphasized the strengthening of economic leadership and the positive trend in economic performance, with macro policies working in coordination to boost social confidence and high-quality development [1] Consumer Spending - Consumer spending has become a new highlight, with final consumption expenditure contributing 2.8 percentage points to GDP growth in Q1, accounting for over half of the economic growth [2][4] - Service consumption is emerging as a new driving force for economic growth, with per capita service consumption expenditure increasing by 5.4% year-on-year, reaching 43.4% of total per capita consumption expenditure [4] Service Consumption Policies - A series of policies have been implemented to promote service consumption, including the "Consumption Promotion Action Plan" and the "Service Consumption Quality Improvement Action Plan" [3] - The growth in service consumption is supported by the expansion of service supply and improvement in service quality, meeting the personalized and quality demands of consumers [3] Digital Technology in Services - Digital technology plays a crucial role in expanding service consumption and optimizing its structure, with applications in healthcare and e-commerce enhancing service efficiency and consumer experience [5] Emerging Industries - Emerging industries, particularly in AI and biotechnology, are becoming key areas for developing new economic momentum, with high-tech industry fixed asset investment growing by 11.6% year-on-year [7][8] - The digital economy's core industries accounted for about 10% of GDP, with significant growth in digital industry revenue and infrastructure [8] Green Development - The green low-carbon industry is showing strong momentum, with Q1 production and sales of new energy vehicles reaching 3.182 million and 3.075 million units, respectively, with a market share exceeding 40% [11][12] - The share of non-fossil energy consumption in total energy consumption increased by 1.5 percentage points year-on-year, reflecting ongoing energy structure optimization [12] Foreign Trade - Foreign trade showed resilience, with Q1 goods trade reaching 10.3 trillion yuan, a 1.3% year-on-year increase, and exports growing by 6.9% [14] - The diversification of foreign trade markets has reduced reliance on traditional markets, enhancing stability and adaptability in the face of external pressures [16][17] Manufacturing Sector - The manufacturing sector demonstrated strong resilience, with a 6.8% year-on-year increase in value added, supported by robust growth in high-tech and equipment manufacturing [18][19] - The integration of digital technology into manufacturing is accelerating, with significant growth in smart manufacturing and a focus on energy efficiency and environmental sustainability [20] Rural Development - The rural economy is showing positive growth, with agricultural value added increasing by 4.0% year-on-year, supported by the development of rural industries [22][25] - The focus on developing rural industries is expected to enhance agricultural value and increase farmers' income, contributing to overall economic stability [23][24]

文/中国银行研究院高级研究员 赵廷辰 ，中国银行伦敦分行研究员 张传捷 特朗普2.0时代，虽然美国政策转向，但全球绿色低碳发展大趋势仍将延 续。我国在争取全球应对气候变化事业话语权、新能源企业发展、油气资 源进口等方面迎来机遇，我国既应抢未来、坚定支持新能源产业巩固提升 国 际 市 场 地 位 ， 又 应 稳 当下 、 充 分 发挥 煤油 气 作用 稳 能 源 价 格 保 能 源 安 全。金融机构应坚定服务国家绿色发展大局，同时努力保持经营稳健性和 国际竞争力。 特朗普2.0时代全球绿色低碳转型大势仍将推进 特朗普二次上台后，美国绿色低碳政策再次"变脸"。在《联合国气候变化框架公约》下，全球先后形成 《京都议定书》和《巴黎协定》两份具备法律约束力、具有里程碑意义的文件。受两党政治纷争掣肘， 美国绿色低碳政策"三进三出"。 美国金融业倾向于降低绿色标准。2023年来，美国出现反ESG浪潮，ESG基金市场规模萎缩，金融机构 退出绿色合作平台。2024年特朗普二次胜选后该趋势加强，花旗、美国、高盛、富国、摩根大通和摩根 士丹利六大银行相继退出净零银行联盟（简称NZBA），贝莱德退出净零资产管理公司倡议。特别是 20 ...

Group 1: Rural Road Development - In 2025, the Ministry of Transport plans to implement a new round of rural road improvement actions, aiming to enhance the modern rural transportation system [1] - The plan includes the construction and renovation of 100,000 kilometers of rural roads, the addition of 250 towns with access to roads of grade three or above, and the addition of 12,000 natural villages with a larger population to hardened roads [1] - The Ministry will also focus on the digital transformation of rural roads, including the establishment of information systems for road conditions and automated detection [3] Group 2: Railway Investment - From January to April 2025, the national railway completed fixed asset investments of 194.7 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 5.3% [6][8] - Key railway construction projects under the "14th Five-Year Plan" are being accelerated, with significant investments in western regions [8] - The focus will be on enhancing the overall functionality and efficiency of the railway network, with several major projects expected to commence construction within the year [10] Group 3: Water Conservancy Projects - Major water conservancy projects across the country are advancing, with significant progress reported in various initiatives [10] - The Huanghe Ancient Water Diversion Project is highlighted as a core project, utilizing innovative construction methods to improve efficiency [15] - The Jiangsu and Anhui provinces' water diversion projects are also accelerating, with substantial completion of key construction phases [17][18] Group 4: Steel Production - In the first quarter of 2025, China's steel production exceeded 350 million tons, marking a year-on-year increase of 6.1% [20][24] - The steel industry is undergoing a transformation towards green and low-carbon development, responding to external uncertainties [22] - The production of crude steel and pig iron also saw slight increases, indicating stable operational conditions within the industry [24] Group 5: Green Electricity Trading - China has achieved its first cross-provincial peak-shifting green electricity transaction, with 12 million kilowatt-hours of green electricity sent from Xinjiang to Beijing [26] - This transaction demonstrates the optimization of energy resources through market mechanisms, promoting energy complementarity between regions [28] - The scale of green electricity entering Beijing is expected to exceed 40 billion kilowatt-hours in 2025, reflecting a growing trend in renewable energy utilization [32]

ESG Policies - China's Ministry of Ecology and Environment, along with several other government bodies, has issued the "National Plan for China's Implementation of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (2025-2030)", which aims to strengthen the management of ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbons, addressing ozone layer depletion and climate change while promoting green, low-carbon, and high-quality development in related industries [1] Climate Disclosure Standards - The Ministry of Finance has released a draft for public consultation on the "Corporate Sustainable Disclosure Standards No. 1 - Climate (Trial)". This draft is expected to become China's first specific standard for corporate climate information disclosure, building a comprehensive disclosure framework covering governance, strategy, risk and opportunity management, indicators, and targets [2] ESG Investment Mechanisms - The Shenzhen Stock Exchange has announced a revision to the ChiNext Index compilation plan, introducing an ESG negative exclusion mechanism starting June 16, 2025. Companies rated below B in the national ESG rating will be excluded, and a 20% weight limit will be set for individual sample stocks during periodic adjustments. This move is seen as a significant step towards institutionalizing ESG investment in the A-share market [3] Electric Vehicle Infrastructure - During the "May Day" holiday, the charging volume for electric vehicles at highway service areas reached a record high of 30.68 million kilowatt-hours, marking a 28% increase compared to the same period last year. This surge reflects the growing acceptance and popularity of electric vehicles, as well as the gradual improvement of charging infrastructure in China [4] ESG Development Initiatives - Xiamen has released the first ESG development action plan in Fujian Province, aiming to establish itself as a leading city in ESG development by 2027. The plan focuses on creating a "124" system, which includes becoming a national leader in ESG development, implementing ESG practices, and fostering a market ecosystem [6]

中国贸促会会长任鸿斌5月9日在京会见美国 埃克森美孚公司全球高级副总裁魏捷凯一行，双方围绕优 化外资企业在华营商环境、共促 绿色低碳发展、加强产业链供应链合作等议题展开深入交流。 ...