美国供应管理协会（ISM）近日公布数据显示，美国7月制造业采购经理人指数（PMI）为48%，处于收 缩区间。此外，美国劳工部近日发布数据显示，7月美国失业率环比上升，非农业部门新增就业岗位远 低于市场预期，同时，5月和6月非农业部门新增就业岗位数量较此前公布数据大幅下调。 （文章来源：央视新闻） 美国《华尔街时报》网站8月6日刊文指出，美国关税政策等不确定性持续给美国的制造业带来压力，自 特朗普今年上任以来，与制造业相关的经济活动几乎都在萎缩。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The unemployment rates in the Eurozone and EU remained stable in June, indicating a steady labor market despite economic fluctuations [1] Unemployment Rates - Eurozone unemployment rate for June was reported at 6.2%, while the EU rate was 5.9%, both unchanged from the previous month [1] - Croatia's unemployment population in June was 78,000, with a rate of 4.4%, reflecting a decrease of 1,000 individuals compared to the previous month and a reduction of 12,000 individuals year-on-year [1] Youth Unemployment - The youth unemployment rate in the Eurozone decreased from 14.3% in May to 14.1% in June [1] - In the EU, the youth unemployment rate remained stable at 14.7% [1] - Croatia's youth unemployment rate for the second quarter was 15.9%, down by 0.2 percentage points from the previous quarter [1] - During the period from April to June, Croatia had 19,000 youth unemployed, consistent with the data from the beginning of the year [1]

Employment Data - The unemployment rate in the U.S. rose from 4.117% in June to 4.248% in July 2025, approaching the expected 4.2%[5] - Non-farm payrolls added 73,000 jobs in July, significantly below the expected 104,000, with prior months' data revised down by a total of 258,000 jobs[5][48] - The labor force participation rate decreased from 62.3% to 62.2% in July, with declines across three age groups, except for those aged 55 and above, which saw a 0.1 percentage point increase[7][25] Market Reactions - Following the employment data release, the probability of a rate cut in September rose to 80%, and the likelihood of two or more cuts in 2025 increased to 87%[5][11] - U.S. Treasury yields fell sharply, with the 2-year yield dropping by 25 basis points, while all major stock indices declined, with Nasdaq down 2.2%[5][12] Job Sector Analysis - In the private sector, five industries reported job losses in July, while the government sector saw a decrease of 10,000 jobs; however, private sector jobs increased by 83,000 when excluding government jobs[9][69] - The largest job gains in the private sector were in education and health services (79,000), followed by retail (16,000) and financial activities (15,000)[70] Unemployment Claims - The number of individuals receiving unemployment insurance remained stable at 1.946 million as of July 19, 2025, which is approximately 640,000 higher than the lowest point in mid-2022[10][32] - Initial claims for unemployment benefits rose slightly to 218,000 for the week ending July 26, 2025, with a monthly average of 221,000, down by 20,000 from June[10][36]

截至发稿，芝加哥商品交易所（CME Group）数据显示，联邦基金利率期货目前隐含9月降息的概率为 94.4%。但至少就目前而言，美银团队仍坚持其观点：美联储可能会维持利率不变至2026年。 整体来看，尽管对劳动力的需求似乎有所下降，但劳动力市场的"闲置产能"并未显著增加。换句话说， 劳动力需求的下降与供给的下降相匹配。美银团队指出，自4月以来，已有超过80万名外籍劳工退出美 国劳动力市场。 美国股市周一重返上涨模式，投资者的注意力从上周五令人担忧的7月就业报告（尤其是5月和6月数据 的修正）转向美联储可能很快降息的可能性。 尽管这对股市多头而言或许是个顺理成章的解读，但美国银行全球研究部（BofA Global Research）的 经济学家团队警告，这种看法最终可能被证明是误入歧途。 "我们观点的核心是，市场把衰退和滞胀混为一谈了，"他们在周一分享给《市场观察》 （MarketWatch）的报告中写道。 对美联储而言，更值得担忧的可能是，过去一年美国在降低通胀率方面并未取得太多进展。随着特朗普 的关税政策生效，美银团队认为，物价压力重新加速的风险可能超过劳动力市场大幅放缓的风险。 "美联储在通胀目标上的偏 ...

美联储继续按兵不动 当地时间7月30日，美国联邦储备委员会负责制定隔夜拆借利率的公开市场委员会（FMOC）结束议息会议，决定将联邦基金利率目标区间维持在4.25%至 4.50%之间不变。 美联储议息会议通常每年安排八次，今年议息会议时间分别为1月、3月、5月、6月、7月、9月、11月和12月。自去年9月起美联储连续三次降息，合计降 幅达到100个基点，自今年1月特朗普上台以来，美联储连续五次维持利率不变。 这可把特朗普气坏了。他在第一任期期间任命鲍威尔担任美联储主席，没有想到鲍威尔如此桀骜不驯，完全不配合他的政治意图。7月18日，他在社交媒 体上说，鲍威尔是他任命过的最糟糕的官员之一。前一天在会见巴林王储讨论中东和平时，特朗普忽然骂起了鲍威尔，照例骂得很难听，有脱口秀主持人 开玩笑说："不了解的人还以为鲍威尔被拍到抱着特朗普的老婆听音乐会。"特朗普还对一脸懵圈的巴林王储说："我很惊讶，这样一个人竟然会被任命为 美联储主席，是拜登任命的。" 去年特朗普竞选总统时就对鲍威尔深表不满，他认为鲍威尔不懂金融，鲍威尔制定货币政策时应该听他的。就任总统后，特朗普就一直喊话鲍威尔降息， 然而鲍威尔充耳不闻，连续五次按兵不动 ...

Group 1 - The report indicates that the U.S. economy showed resilience in Q2 with a GDP growth rate rebounding to 3.0% on a quarter-over-quarter annualized basis, while year-over-year growth remained steady at 2% [3][4][5] - The report highlights a significant drop in non-farm employment numbers for July, with only 73,000 jobs added, down from a revised 147,000 in June, indicating a potential weakening in the labor market [16][22] - The report notes that the U.S. inflation rate, as measured by the PCE index, has increased, with personal consumption expenditures rising from 4.66% to 4.75% year-over-year, suggesting some resilience in consumer spending [15][11] Group 2 - The report discusses the impact of tariff policies, indicating that the average effective tariff in the U.S. may rise to around 17% following the implementation of the latest tariffs, which could lead to an increase in inflation and a decrease in GDP growth [27][24] - The report mentions that the U.S. stock market has experienced volatility, with major indices like the Dow Jones, S&P 500, and NASDAQ seeing declines of 2.92%, 2.36%, and 2.17% respectively, reflecting market concerns over economic data [29][2] - The report suggests that the healthcare sector is one of the few areas showing positive performance in the Hong Kong stock market, while sectors like materials and technology are facing declines [2]

Core Viewpoint - Moody's analysis indicates that Indonesia's GDP growth is expected to slow from 4.9% in the first quarter to 4.6% year-on-year in the second quarter, marking the weakest result since September 2021 [1] Economic Outlook - The anticipated GDP growth of 4.6% will be the lowest since the economic contraction caused by COVID-19 lockdowns in September 2021 [1] - Moody's forecasts a GDP growth of 4.7% for 2025, which is below the government's target of 5% [1] Contributing Factors - Global trade tensions are likely to exert pressure on exports [1] - Declining consumer confidence, slowing industrial activity, and high unemployment rates are expected to weigh on domestic economic performance [1] Upcoming Data - GDP data is scheduled to be released on Tuesday [1]

Tariff Negotiations - On July 9, President Trump announced a delay in "reciprocal" tariffs until August 1, with a commitment that this date "will not change" [2] - By August 1, the U.S. had reached trade agreements with most major trading countries, reducing uncertainty around tariff policies [2] - The new tariff rates are expected to be lower than previous proposals but will still range from 10% to 20% for various countries [16] Economic Impact - The Yale Budget Lab estimates that the tariffs could generate $2.3 trillion in revenue for the U.S. government over the next 10 years, assuming import shares remain unchanged [3] - The increase in tariffs may lead to a 1.8% rise in consumer prices in 2025 if the Federal Reserve does not respond with policy changes [17] - The tariffs are projected to decrease GDP growth by 0.5 percentage points in 2025 and 2026 due to increased consumer burden and retaliatory measures [17] Currency and Investment - Increased investment in the U.S. and procurement of American goods may support the dollar's exchange rate and facilitate the return of manufacturing [24] - The combination of trade surplus and capital inflow could lead to a temporary appreciation of the dollar [24] Inflation and Federal Reserve Response - The impact of tariffs on inflation is expected to become fully evident in July and August, with price adjustments typically occurring 1-3 months after tariff implementation [25] - Following recent comments from Fed Chair Powell, the probability of a rate cut in September has dropped below 50% [25] Risk Factors - There are significant geopolitical risks that could exceed expectations, potentially impacting trade agreements and economic stability [35]

Core Insights - The average effective tariff rate on imported goods in the U.S. has reached 18.3%, the highest level since 1934 [2] - Tariff policies are projected to reduce the U.S. GDP growth rate by 0.5 percentage points annually in 2025 and 2026 [2] - The unemployment rate is expected to rise by 0.3 percentage points by the end of 2025 and by 0.7 percentage points by the end of 2026 due to tariffs [2] Economic Impact - The average household expenditure in the U.S. is anticipated to increase by $2,400 by 2025, with significant impacts on clothing prices [2] - Short-term price increases for consumers are projected to be 40% for footwear and 38% for clothing [2] - Long-term price increases are expected to stabilize at 19% for footwear and 17% for clothing [2]

Group 1: Tariff Policy Impact - The average effective tariff rate on imported goods in the U.S. has reached 18.3%, the highest since 1934, indicating extreme levels of trade protectionism [1] - The new tariffs, ranging from 10% to 41%, will affect 69 trading partners, with 40 countries facing a 15% tariff rate [3] - The tariff policy is projected to reduce U.S. GDP growth by 0.5 percentage points annually in 2025 and 2026, and increase the unemployment rate by 0.3 percentage points by the end of 2025 [3] Group 2: Consumer Spending and Price Increases - The tariffs are expected to increase average household spending in the U.S. by $2,400 by 2025, with significant impacts on clothing prices, which may rise by 38% [3] - Short-term price increases for consumer goods are anticipated, with footwear prices potentially increasing by 40% [3] Group 3: Employment Data and Market Reactions - The U.S. non-farm payrolls increased by only 73,000 in July, significantly below the expected 100,000, with the unemployment rate rising to 4.2% [4] - Employment data for May and June was revised downwards, with a total downward adjustment of 258,000 jobs [4] - The weak employment report has increased the likelihood of a Federal Reserve interest rate cut in September, raising expectations from 40% to 63% [4] Group 4: Market Performance - U.S. stock markets experienced a significant decline, with a total market capitalization loss exceeding $1 trillion due to the new tariffs [5] - European stock markets also fell sharply, with major indices dropping nearly 3% in France [5] - Increased market volatility led to a rise in gold prices, with spot gold surging by 2.22% to surpass $3,360 [5]