更引人注意的是，就业增长被描述为"持续低迷"。在美国宏观叙事中，就业一向是货币政策的核心锚 点。当通胀尚未完全回落，而就业动能开始减弱，政策选择就不再是简单的二选一，而是一场关于节 奏、耐心与风险分配的博弈。两张反对票，正是这种博弈的直接体现。 从机制上看，美联储仍然坚持数据依赖原则。鲍威尔反复强调，是否降息取决于劳动力市场的真实走 向，而非市场预期或政治诉求。这种表态在技术层面无可指摘，却也暴露了现实困境：数据正在给出相 互矛盾的信号。通胀尚未彻底驯服，经济却在边际放缓，任何过早转向都可能被视为放弃长期目标。 文︱陆弃 当市场已经习惯用"预期兑现"来形容美联储的决策时，这次看似平淡的利率会议，却意外留下了耐人寻 味的注脚。联邦基金利率维持在3.5%至3.75%区间不变，几乎没有引发市场波动，但两名理事明确投下 反对票，主张降息25个基点。这一细节，让本应例行公事的政策声明，多了一层不安的回响。 表面上，美国经济仍在扩张，美联储的措辞依旧谨慎而克制。经济"稳健增长"，通胀"仍处高位"，失业 率"出现企稳迹象"，这些表述延续了过去一年的官方叙事。但细看其中的逻辑结构，不难发现，美联储 已不再强调强劲，而是反复强 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In the overseas market, the January FOMC meeting maintained the interest rate at 3.50%–3.75%. The Fed continued to purchase short - term bonds, and the balance sheet expanded. In the context of a weak US dollar and rising geopolitical risks, precious metals, industrial metals, and oil prices all showed upward trends. In the domestic market, A - shares fluctuated and closed higher, with funds flowing back to the dividend sector. The market was in a differentiated stage, and the medium - term trend was still positive [2][3]. - Precious metals continued to soar, and the gold - silver ratio was expected to recover from a low level. Copper prices were expected to remain volatile at a high level in the short term, and aluminum prices reached a new high. Alumina was expected to rebound in the short term, and cast aluminum was expected to follow the upward trend. Zinc prices were expected to be volatile and slightly stronger, while lead prices were expected to consolidate at the integer - level mark. Tin prices were expected to be volatile at a high level. Steel products and iron ore were under pressure, and coking coal and coke futures rebounded. Bean and rapeseed meal were expected to be volatile and stronger, and palm oil was expected to be volatile and slightly stronger [4][6][8][10][11][12][14][16][17][19][20][21][23]. Summary by Related Catalogs Macroeconomy - Overseas: The January FOMC meeting maintained the interest rate at 3.50%–3.75% with a 10:2 vote. Most members adhered to data - dependence and policy observation. The Fed continued to purchase $40 billion of short - term bonds per month, and the balance sheet expanded until at least April. Powell emphasized the marginal stability of the economy, and the weak US dollar and rising geopolitical risks drove up the prices of precious metals, industrial metals, and oil [2]. - Domestic: A - shares fluctuated and closed higher on Wednesday. Funds returned to the dividend sector, and the two - market trading volume rebounded to 2.99 trillion yuan. The margin trading scale remained above 2.7 trillion yuan. The market was in a differentiated stage, and the medium - term trend was positive [3]. Precious Metals - Prices continued to rise strongly. COMEX gold futures exceeded $5400 per ounce, and COMEX silver futures approached $120 per ounce. Geopolitical tensions and economic uncertainties led investors to seek refuge in gold. The Fed's interest - rate decision was in line with expectations, and concerns about silver delivery risks also boosted silver prices. The gold - silver ratio was expected to recover from a low level [4][5]. Copper - Shanghai copper's main contract fluctuated and declined, while LME copper was strongly volatile above $13,000. Domestic spot trading was poor, and inventories increased. The Fed's neutral policy stance was considered appropriate. The weak US dollar boosted copper prices. In the short term, copper prices were expected to remain volatile at a high level, and precious metals would drive up the copper price center in the medium term [6][7]. Aluminum - Shanghai aluminum's main contract closed at 25,640 yuan/ton, up 5.75%. LME aluminum closed at $3263.5/ton, up 1.59%. Geopolitical risks in Iran and capital inflows pushed up aluminum prices. However, short - term capital overheating and the seasonal off - season in consumption led to large price fluctuations. Investors were advised to be cautious when chasing high prices [8][9]. Alumina - The main futures contract closed at 2811 yuan/ton, up 2.27%. The overall strength of the aluminum sector improved the market sentiment of alumina. The supply pressure was slightly relieved due to factory maintenance. It was expected to rebound in the short term, but the upward space was limited [10]. Cast Aluminum - The main futures contract closed at 23,785 yuan/ton, up 3.35%. The rapid rise of primary aluminum drove up the price of cast aluminum futures. The supply of scrap aluminum decreased, and the cost support increased. It was expected to follow the upward trend [11]. Zinc - Shanghai zinc's main contract was volatile and slightly stronger. The market risk preference remained high, and rising natural gas prices and low processing fees supported zinc prices. It was expected to be volatile and slightly stronger, but there was a risk of correction [12][13]. Lead - Shanghai lead's main contract was in a narrow - range shock. Due to heavy pollution and losses, smelters' production cuts increased, but the terminal consumption was weak, and social inventories increased. It was expected to consolidate at the integer - level mark [14][15]. Tin - Shanghai tin's main contract was in a sideways shock. The impact of Indonesia's expected increase in the minimum tin ore purchase price was limited. The raw material supply was tight, and downstream demand was weak. It was expected to be volatile at a high level [16]. Steel Products (Screw and Coil) - Steel futures fluctuated and rebounded. Steel mills' maintenance increased, and the supply pressure decreased. The demand was weak, and the market entered the inventory - accumulation stage. It was expected to remain volatile at a low level, and attention should be paid to inventory and policy changes [17][18]. Iron Ore - Iron ore futures were under pressure. The implementation of the steel export license policy might lead to a 15% - 20% decline in steel exports in the first quarter of 2026. The supply was strong, and the demand was weak. It was expected to be under pressure [19]. Coking Coal and Coke (Double - Coking) - Coking coal and coke futures rebounded. The first round of coke price hikes was basically implemented, and the profit of coke enterprises was repaired. The supply of coke decreased due to environmental protection, and the demand was weak. It was expected to be volatile in the short term [20]. Bean and Rapeseed Meal - Bean and rapeseed meal futures were stronger. The dry and hot weather in Argentina affected crop growth, and the domestic pre - holiday stocking and declining inventories supported prices. It was expected to be volatile and stronger [21][22]. Palm Oil - Palm oil futures were slightly stronger. The Fed paused interest - rate cuts, and rising oil prices and the expected decrease in palm oil production and increase in demand supported palm oil prices. It was expected to be volatile and slightly stronger [23][24]. Metal Trading Data - The report provided the closing prices, price changes, price change percentages, trading volumes, and open interest of various metal futures contracts such as copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, nickel, tin, etc., on the previous trading day [25]. Industrial Data - The report presented detailed industrial data of copper, nickel, zinc, lead, aluminum, alumina, tin, precious metals, steel products, iron ore, coking coal, coke, lithium carbonate, industrial silicon, and bean and rapeseed meal, including prices, inventories, spreads, etc. [26][28][29][30][31]

据央视新闻消息，当地时间1月28日，美联储主席鲍威尔表示，建议下一届美联储主席与美国政治"划清界限"。 当地时间28日，鲍威尔在美联储大楼举行记者会。图源：视觉中国 当天早些时候，美联储公布最新一期货币政策会议纪要，宣布将联邦基金利率目标区间维持在3.5%至3.75%之间不变。随后，美联储主席鲍威尔 就该决定举行发布会，并就美国当前经济状况及美联储下任主席等问题接受记者提问。 特朗普27日表示，将很快宣布新的美联储主席人选。他当天再次抨击美联储主席鲍威尔，称其是"一位糟糕的美联储主席"。 28日，美国财长贝森特表示，特朗普提名的美联储主席人选可能在一周左右内揭晓。 来源：央视新闻、长安街知事 鲍威尔还表示，他和美联储其他官员致力于维护美联储的独立性。他还对上周出席最高法院的口头辩论表示，此案"或许是美联储113年历史上最 重要的法律案件"，"我仔细考虑后认为，如果我不出席，可能很难解释清楚原因。" 据此前报道，当地时间1月11日，美国哥伦比亚特区联邦检察官办公室已就美国联邦储备委员会华盛顿总部翻修项目，以及鲍威尔是否就该项目向 美国国会作伪证一事，对他展开刑事调查。 鲍威尔发布视频声明证实，特朗普政府因他20 ...

北京时间1月29日凌晨，美国联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）公布最新利率决议，将联邦基金利率 目标区间维持在3.50%—3.75%不变，符合市场预期。这是美联储自去年9月起连续三次降息后的首次暂 停行动。 本次会议以10比2的投票结果通过，下任美联储主席人选之一的沃勒和美国总统特朗普"钦点"的另 一位理事米兰都支持继续降息，成为反对此次利率决议的少数派。 美联储声明和美联储主席鲍威尔的发言都暗示美联储并不急于降息，同时鲍威尔建议下一届美联储 主席与政治划清界限。 当天，美股三大指数涨跌不一，截至收盘，道指涨0.02%，报49015.6点；标普500指数微跌0.01%， 报6978.03点；纳斯达克指数上涨0.17%，报23857.4点。美元指数反弹0.75% 现货黄金价格强势站上5400美元/盎司关口，日内暴涨约4.5%。 不急于降息 本次美联储声明对经济活动的表述从上个月的"温和速度扩张"，改为以"稳健的速度扩张"，删除了 就业风险增加的表述，只表示就业增长仍然缓慢，失业率已显现出一定的企稳迹象，通胀依然略高。 FOMC力求长期内实现最大化就业和2%的通胀率。经济前景的不确定性仍处于较高水平。委员会 密切关注 ...

专题：美联储维持基准利率不变 鲍威尔排除加息可能性 并建议继任者"远离政治" 炒股就看金麒麟分析师研报，权威，专业，及时，全面，助您挖掘潜力主题机会！ 中金研究：美联储按兵不动，降息时点或推迟 来源：中金点睛 北京时间今天凌晨结束的1月FOMC上，美联储按兵不动，维持基准利率在3.5%~3.75%，符合预期。12 月FOMC通过修改声明措辞就传递了清晰的不想再降息的信号，我们在（《比12月降息更重要的事》） 中也清晰的提示了这一点，随后在失业率和通胀超预期回落的"加持"下，CME利率期货隐含1月不降息 的概率在会议前已经高达97%，年内首次降息预计在6月，会议后维持不变。 图表：会议前CME利率期货隐含1月不降息的概率已经高达97%，年内首次降息预计在6月份 | | | | | | CME FEDWATCH TOOL - CONDITIONAL MEETING PROBABILITIES | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | MEETING DATE 200-225 225-250 2 ...

1月28日，美国联邦储备委员会主席鲍威尔强调，要致力于维护美联储的独立性。被问及对其继任者有 何建议，鲍威尔说"远离选举政治"。鲍威尔将于2026年5月结束美联储主席任期。此外，鲍威尔目前还 因美联储办公大楼翻修项目遭刑事调查。特朗普在第一任期任命鲍威尔，但因货币政策长期公开指责鲍 威尔。报道称，特朗普第二任期以来，还曾多次尝试干涉美联储货币政策决议。 ...

一图速览>> 2026 代表当月暂停加息 ● 有记录来美联储利率走势 2024/09 时隔四年重启赛公 1984/08 11.5% 2023/07 2001/01 5.5% 5.5% 2026/1 *图中数据为目标利率最高上限 2008/12 2020/03 0.25% 0.25% 理事投票 由美国总统特朗普任命的两位美联储理 ▶ 事沃勒和米兰,在会上投下反对票, 主 支持降息25个基点。 斯蒂·米兰 克里斯托弗·沃勒 美联储主席鲍威尔最新发言 ▶ 关于下一次降息 我们并没有试图阐明下次降息的时间或是否在下次会议上| 息的标准。我们想说的是,我们目前处于有利地位,可以 次会议地做出决策。 > 坚定捍卫美联储独立性 这（美联储理事库克解职听证会）或许是美联储113年历史 最重要的法律案件。（美联储）独立性的目的不是为了保: 政策制定者或其他什么人，而是因为世界上所有发达经济 和民主国家都已普遍采用这种做法。 (如果失去这种独立性)就很难恢复美联储的信誉。 ▶ 建言下一任主席 不要卷入选举政治,干万不要。 ▶ 关于美国经济 就业和通胀之间仍然存在一些紧张关系，但比以前有所: 解 ......观察上次会议以来公布的 ...

证券研究报告|宏观点评报告 [Table_Date] 2026 年 01 月 29 日 [Table_Title] 美联储按下暂停，鲍威尔未"抗争" 1 月 29 日，美联储暂停降息，维持 3.5-3.75%。沃勒和米兰持异议，支持降息 25bp。资产表现方面，美 元、美债利率冲高回落，黄金先小幅回调再冲高，美股波动不大。 第一，美联储声明对经济和劳动力市场转向略偏乐观。1 月会议声明指出，经济活动"稳步"扩张 （solid），而 12 月会议声明的对应表述为"温和"（moderate）。声明指出"就业增长保持低位，失业率出现一 些企稳迹象"，而且删除了 12 月会议中关于就业下行风险的表述。表述略偏乐观，但未明显超出预期。北京时间 3：00 声明发布后，2 年期美债收益率小幅上行接近 1bp，美元指数上涨 0.18%，市场反应不大。 第二，鲍威尔讲话整体中性，并未进一步抗争。从市场反应来看，3：30 新闻发布会开始后，2 年和 10 年 美债利率一度下行 2bp 左右，美元指数下跌 0.3%，黄金冲高上涨接近 0.9%，标普涨约 0.2%。鲍威尔的讲话整 体偏中性，但打消了市场对于司法部调查引发鲍威尔更趋鹰 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve decided to maintain the federal funds rate target range at 3.5-3.75% after three consecutive rate cuts, indicating no immediate urgency to resume rate cuts [1]. Group 1: Federal Reserve Decisions - The Federal Reserve's Open Market Committee voted 10-2 to keep the interest rate unchanged, with two members supporting a 25 basis point cut [1][4]. - Fed Chair Jerome Powell emphasized the importance of the Fed's independence and stated that the committee is in a favorable position to make decisions gradually [7][8]. Group 2: Economic Outlook - Powell noted that there is still tension between employment and inflation, but the economic growth outlook has improved, with inflation performance meeting expectations [11]. - Institutions interpret that the Fed is likely to enter a prolonged policy observation phase, with expectations of resuming easing later in the year as inflation levels gradually decline [12]. Group 3: Diverging Opinions within the Fed - There are internal divisions within the Fed regarding concerns over insufficient employment growth versus high inflation, with some officials worried that further easing could accelerate inflation [13]. - Some analysts believe that strong consumer spending and fiscal policy may reduce the urgency for significant rate cuts in the short term [14].

Group 1: Federal Reserve Policy and Political Pressure - The Federal Reserve maintained the policy interest rate at 3.50%-3.75% after three consecutive rate cuts in September, October, and December 2025, marking the first pause in rate cuts in 2026[11] - The voting results showed 10 votes in favor and 2 against, with dissenting votes advocating for a 25 basis point cut, reflecting political pressure on the Fed's independence[11] - At least one-third of the questions during the press conference focused on the Fed's independence and political pressure, indicating heightened concerns in the market[12] Group 2: Trump's Influence and Challenges - Trump's political pressure on the Fed has intensified, including threats to sue Chairman Powell and push for the removal of Governor Cook, reflecting his lack of confidence in controlling the Fed[13] - The likelihood of Kevin Hassett being nominated as the next Fed Chair has significantly decreased, with Rick Rieder emerging as the leading candidate at 37% probability, compared to Hassett's 7%[17] - The changing dynamics in the nomination process suggest that Trump's ability to influence the Fed is becoming more challenging, as potential candidates show varying degrees of independence from his administration[21] Group 3: Future Rate Cuts and Economic Outlook - The Fed is expected to adopt a "hawkish resistance" stance during Powell's term, likely delaying rate cuts until June 2026, with a potential for about two rate cuts thereafter[26] - Economic indicators suggest that the U.S. job market will remain weak, with inflation expected to stabilize, allowing for some room for rate cuts without triggering inflationary pressures[27] - The Fed's independence is crucial to avoid a repeat of the 1970s inflation crisis, as political interference could lead to uncontrolled inflation and increased market volatility[29]