（上接1版） 关于市场讨论较多的"存款搬家"这一说法，业内专家表示，今年以来，在资本市场回暖背景下，有市场 机构将存款增长放缓视为存款"搬家"到股市。但从宏观层面看，存款搬家的说法不够准确。因为居民、 企业和非银机构用存款买卖股票，只是存款和股票在不同主体之间的重新分配。买股票的人存款减少、 股票增多，卖股票的人股票减少、存款增多，整体看存款是大体不变的。当然从大类资产市值的角度 看，股市上涨，会带来股票总市值上升，相对于存款的比重会有提高。 "对个体而言，投资者为了追求收益最大化，会根据不同资产的收益率，把储蓄存款转换成其他资 产。"业内专家称，比如，当存款利率趋于下降时，会更愿意买理财资管产品，但从理财资管的最终投 向看，大部分也还是购买同业存单、存放在银行或购买债券，最终还是会体现为银行的同业存款或是经 营主体的存款。近期居民存款增长放缓、非银存款增多，主要还是与前期规范同业活期存款利率有关， 非银主体存款趋于定期化，也更愿意持有同业存单。 报告认为，几组重要的利率比价关系需要关注：一是央行政策利率和市场利率的关系，商业银行资产端 和负债端利率的关系，不同类型资产收益率的关系，不同期限利率的关系，不同风 ...

根据经济金融形势的变化，做好逆周期和跨周期调节，持续营造适宜的货币金融环境；综合运用多种货 币政策工具，保持流动性充裕；引导银行稳固信贷支持力度，保持金融总量合理增长，使社会融资规 模、货币供应量增长同经济增长和价格总水平预期目标相匹配 ◎记者 张琼斯 11月11日，中国人民银行发布2025年第三季度中国货币政策执行报告，释放未来货币政策新信号。报告 还以专栏文章形式提出，科学看待金融总量指标，观察金融总量要更多看社会融资规模、货币供应量指 标；保持合理的利率比价关系，尤其是关注央行政策利率和市场利率、不同类型资产收益率等重要的利 率比价关系等。 报告称，国内经济回升向好基础仍需加力巩固。下阶段，央行将进一步深化金融改革和高水平对外开 放，加快建设金融强国，完善中央银行制度，构建科学稳健的货币政策体系和覆盖全面的宏观审慎管理 体系，畅通货币政策传导机制。 关于下一阶段的货币政策主要思路，报告明确，平衡好短期与长期、稳增长与防风险、内部均衡与外部 均衡、支持实体经济与保持银行体系自身健康性的关系，强化宏观政策取向一致性，做好逆周期和跨周 期调节，提升宏观经济治理效能，持续稳增长、稳就业、稳预期。 多年来，我国金 ...

Core Viewpoint - The central bank emphasizes the need to strengthen the foundation for economic recovery and maintain a relatively loose social financing condition, indicating a continuation of previous monetary policy frameworks and the "14th Five-Year Plan" recommendations [1][8]. Group 1: Financial Indicators - The central bank highlights that financial totals reflect the strength of financial support for the real economy, suggesting that social financing (社融) and M2 money supply will be more comprehensive indicators for evaluating monetary policy effectiveness [2][9]. - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the annual growth rate of social financing and M2 is expected to be around 9%-10%, which is higher than the nominal economic growth rate [2][9]. - The central bank indicates that a loan growth rate that is slightly lower is reasonable, reflecting changes in the financial supply side structure, and emphasizes the importance of optimizing the use of existing funds [2][10]. Group 2: Monetary Policy Framework - The relationship between base money and currency is discussed, noting that changes in financial markets and financing structures have deep impacts on monetary control [3][11]. - The central bank is urged to shift its policy adjustment model to rely more on price (interest rate) controls due to the complexities in creating broad liquidity [3][12]. Group 3: Digital Economy Support - The central bank reports that by the end of September 2025, loans to core industries of the digital economy are expected to reach 8.2 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 13.0% [4][13]. - It is noted that over 4,600 projects for the intelligent and digital transformation of traditional industries have been supported, with loan contracts amounting to approximately 1.8 trillion yuan [4][13]. - The central bank plans to leverage the dual drivers of "digital technology + data elements" to enhance financial services and governance in the digital finance sector [4][14]. Group 4: Interest Rate Relationships - The importance of maintaining reasonable interest rate relationships is emphasized, as it is crucial for the effective transmission of monetary policy [5][15]. - The central bank's policy interest rates should guide market interest rates, ensuring that the yield curve remains upward sloping to provide positive incentives [5][16]. - The central bank has been actively working to ensure that deposit and loan rates reflect policy rate adjustments while maintaining stable risk pricing and interest margins [5][17].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has released the "Monetary Policy Implementation Report for the Third Quarter of 2025," summarizing the monetary policy execution in the first three quarters and outlining future policy directions [1][4]. Economic Performance - In the first three quarters of this year, China's GDP grew by 5.2% year-on-year, indicating resilience and vitality in economic operations [4][6]. - The PBOC has implemented a moderately accommodative monetary policy, maintaining ample liquidity and utilizing various monetary policy tools to support economic recovery and stabilize financial markets [4][5]. Monetary Policy Strategy - The report outlines the main strategies for the next phase of monetary policy, which include maintaining reasonable growth in financial aggregates, leveraging monetary and credit policies, balancing interest and exchange rates, accelerating financial market reforms, and proactively managing financial risks [4][6]. Financial Indicators - The report emphasizes the importance of observing financial aggregates through social financing scale and money supply, rather than solely focusing on loans [8][10]. - As of now, the balance of RMB loans has reached 270 trillion yuan, and the total social financing scale stands at 437 trillion yuan, indicating a natural decline in the growth rate of financial aggregates due to the increasing base [10][11]. Credit Structure and Economic Transition - The report highlights the ongoing optimization of credit structure, with a shift towards direct financing methods such as bond issuance, which has become more accessible for enterprises [8][9]. - The transition from high-speed growth to high-quality development necessitates a change in the growth of monetary credit, focusing on revitalizing existing financial resources rather than merely expanding credit volume [9][11]. Interest Rate and Financial Market Dynamics - The report discusses the need to maintain reasonable interest rate relationships to enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy and reduce arbitrage opportunities [13][14]. - It notes that the recent slowdown in deposit growth may reflect a reallocation of funds from deposits to the stock market, driven by changes in asset yield expectations [14].

《报告》指出，利率及其比价关系对宏观经济均衡和资源配置有重要导向意义。市场化利率体 系有效运行，要求各类利率之间保持合理的比价关系。中国人民银行注重理顺各类利率比价关 系，是完善中国特色现代货币政策框架、畅通市场化利率形成和传导机制的重要举措。 记者丨唐婧 编辑丨肖嘉 11月11日，中国人民银行发布《2025年第三季度中国货币政策执行报告》（下称《报告》）， 并单设专栏4就保持合理利率比价关系的必要性作出深入阐释。 具体而言，中央银行释放政策利率调控信号，引导各类市场利率有序运行，促进市场化的利率 形成和传导机制发挥作用，调节资金供求和资源配置，实现货币政策目标。 理想情况下，在政策利率引导下，各类利率之间保持合理的比价关系和联动性，反映期限、风 险、流动性等变化规律，金融资源配置效率较高。但现实世界中，受激励机制扭曲、经营主体 非理性行为等因素影响，不同利率之间的比价关系有时也可能会出现失衡，导致市场化的利率 形成和传导机制受到阻滞，制约货币政策有效性。 业内专家告诉21世纪经济报道记者，"十五五"规划建议提出，要构建科学稳健的货币政策体系 和覆盖全面的宏观审慎管理体系，畅通货币政策传导机制。保持合理的利率 ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has implemented a moderately accommodative monetary policy to support economic recovery and stabilize financial markets, with a GDP growth of 5.2% year-on-year in the first three quarters of 2025 [2][4]. Group 1: Monetary Policy Implementation - The PBOC has maintained ample liquidity and utilized various monetary policy tools to create a conducive environment for economic recovery and financial stability [2][4]. - The report emphasizes the importance of coordinating macroeconomic policies to achieve a synergistic effect in supporting growth and structural adjustments [4]. - The PBOC's future monetary policy will focus on maintaining reasonable growth in financial aggregates, enhancing the guiding role of monetary credit policies, and balancing internal and external factors [2][4]. Group 2: Financial Aggregates and Credit Structure - The report highlights the need to observe financial aggregates through social financing scale and money supply, rather than solely focusing on loans [5][6]. - With the development of direct financing, companies are increasingly opting for bond issuance over loans, indicating a shift in financing preferences [6]. - The growth rate of social financing remains above 8%, reflecting the effectiveness of "wide credit" policies [6]. Group 3: Quality of Financial Development - The transition to high-quality development necessitates a shift from extensive credit expansion to enhancing the quality and efficiency of credit assets [7][8]. - The current balance of RMB loans has reached 270 trillion yuan, with a social financing scale of 437 trillion yuan, indicating a natural decline in financial aggregate growth due to larger bases [10]. Group 4: Monetary Creation and Derivation - The process of monetary creation and derivation is complex and influenced by various factors, including the roles of central banks, commercial banks, and the real economy [12]. - The report notes that loan issuance is not the only means of monetary derivation, as banks can also create deposits through purchasing other financial assets [12]. Group 5: Interest Rate Relationships - Maintaining reasonable interest rate relationships is crucial for effective monetary policy transmission and reducing arbitrage opportunities [14]. - The report discusses the importance of policy coordination to strengthen interest rate policy execution and ensure a balanced interest rate environment [14]. Group 6: Asset Allocation and Market Dynamics - The report addresses the phenomenon of deposit growth slowing down as funds are reallocated to the stock market, although this is more about redistribution among different entities rather than a net decrease in deposits [16]. - Investors are likely to shift their savings into other assets when deposit rates decline, indicating a dynamic adjustment in asset allocation [16].

Group 1: Monetary Policy Insights - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) emphasizes a shift from quantity to price-oriented monetary policy, indicating that a slight decline in loan growth is a natural outcome of economic restructuring[2] - The PBOC expects social financing, M2, and loan growth rates for 2026 to be 7.9%, 7.3%, and 6.5% respectively, reflecting a long-term alignment with industrial upgrading trends[2] - The distinction between base money and broader money supply is highlighted, with base money being a necessary foundation but not guaranteeing proportional M2 growth[3] Group 2: Digital Finance and Economic Stability - The PBOC is focusing on the systematic development of digital finance, with a reported loan balance for core digital economy industries reaching 8.2 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 13.0%[6] - The central bank aims to maintain a balance between interest rates and exchange rates, with a reported current account surplus of $294.1 billion in the first half of 2025, indicating a stable international balance[10] - The PBOC is guiding attention to five key interest rate relationships to ensure effective monetary policy transmission, emphasizing the importance of maintaining reasonable interest rate differentials[7][8] Group 3: Future Monetary Policy Directions - The PBOC has resumed open market operations for government bonds, marking a shift in monetary policy strategy since January 2025, with expectations for reduced reserve requirement ratios and interest rates being postponed until early 2026[1] - The central bank's approach to monetary policy will focus on stabilizing growth and expectations while ensuring international balance of payments and exchange rate stability[9] - Risks such as potential inflation in the U.S. and rising dollar index may complicate monetary policy decisions in China[11]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China emphasizes the importance of maintaining reasonable interest rate relationships to enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy and facilitate the transmission mechanism of monetary policy [1][2]. Interest Rate Relationships - The relationship between central bank policy rates and market rates is crucial, as market rates should ideally reflect the central bank's policy intentions. Any significant deviation can hinder the effectiveness of interest rate transmission [3]. - The relationship between asset and liability rates of commercial banks is also important. A mismatch in the adjustment speed of loan and deposit rates can compress banks' net interest margins, affecting their ability to support the real economy [3]. - Different asset yield relationships, such as those between loans and bonds, should not diverge excessively for the same entity, as this could disrupt the risk pricing principle [4]. Term and Risk Premiums - The relationship between short-term and long-term interest rates reflects term premiums, and banks should maintain reasonable term spreads in their deposit rates [4]. - The relationship between different risk rates indicates that higher credit ratings should correspond to lower financing costs. If corporate financing rates fall below government bond yields, it contradicts the risk pricing principle [4]. Market Dynamics - The central bank has been actively working to maintain reasonable interest rate relationships, which can explain recent trends such as the slowdown in household deposit growth and the increase in non-bank deposits [5]. - The phenomenon of "deposit migration" is essentially a reallocation of assets by residents based on changing return rates, reflecting a dynamic adjustment in asset allocation [5][6]. Future Directions - The central bank plans to continue transforming its monetary policy framework, focusing on price-based regulation and enhancing the effectiveness of interest rate adjustments in resource allocation [7].

21世纪经济报道记者 唐婧 11月11日，中国人民银行发布《2025年第三季度中国货币政策执行报告》（下称《报告》），并单设专 栏4就保持合理利率比价关系的必要性作出深入阐释。 《报告》指出，利率及其比价关系对宏观经济均衡和资源配置有重要导向意义。市场化利率体系有效运 行，要求各类利率之间保持合理的比价关系。中国人民银行注重理顺各类利率比价关系，是完善中国特 色现代货币政策框架、畅通市场化利率形成和传导机制的重要举措。 具体而言，中央银行释放政策利率调控信号，引导各类市场利率有序运行，促进市场化的利率形成和传 导机制发挥作用，调节资金供求和资源配置，实现货币政策目标。 理想情况下，在政策利率引导下，各类利率之间保持合理的比价关系和联动性，反映期限、风险、流动 性等变化规律，金融资源配置效率较高。但现实世界中，受激励机制扭曲、经营主体非理性行为等因素 影响，不同利率之间的比价关系有时也可能会出现失衡，导致市场化的利率形成和传导机制受到阻滞， 制约货币政策有效性。 业内专家告诉记者，"十五五"规划建议提出，要构建科学稳健的货币政策体系和覆盖全面的宏观审慎管 理体系，畅通货币政策传导机制。保持合理的利率比价关系，正 ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China emphasizes the implementation of a moderately accommodative monetary policy to maintain relatively loose social financing conditions and improve the monetary policy framework [1][2][3] Group 1: Monetary Policy Implementation - The report advocates for a balanced approach between short-term and long-term goals, as well as between supporting economic growth and managing risks [2][3] - It highlights the importance of using various monetary policy tools to ensure ample liquidity and stabilize credit support from banks [2][3][7] - The central bank aims to align financial growth with economic growth and price level expectations, focusing on the social financing scale [3][7] Group 2: Interest Rate Management - Maintaining a reasonable interest rate relationship is crucial for macroeconomic balance and resource allocation [4][5] - The report discusses the significance of the relationship between central bank policy rates and market rates, as well as between different types of asset yields [5][6] Group 3: Financial Sector Support - The report emphasizes the need to leverage monetary and credit policies to support key national strategies and address weak areas in economic development [7][8] - As of September, the balance of structural monetary policy tools supporting these initiatives was 3.9 trillion yuan, with loan growth in related sectors exceeding 10% [7] Group 4: Macro-Prudential Policy Tools - The report calls for a comprehensive macro-prudential management system to monitor and mitigate systemic financial risks [8] - It suggests expanding the coverage of macro-prudential policies and enhancing the regulatory framework for systemically important financial institutions [8]