广发证券资 深宏观分析师 钟林楠 zhonglinnan@gf.com.cn 广发宏观郭磊团队 报告摘要 第一， 2025 年上半年央行相机抉择，货币政策操作可以分为两个阶段：第一阶段是 1-2 月，经济平稳开局，逆周期调节压力不大，政策侧重防空转、稳汇率、稳 利率，央行收敛狭义流动性；第二阶段是 3-6 月，前期政策目标基本实现，随着关税冲击影响出现政策目标逐步转向稳增长，央行降准降息，结构性工具扩容降 价。 第二， 下半年货币政策可能围绕两条主线：一是支撑经济穿过"减速带"，兜住实际增长下限；二是协同产业政策"反内卷"，稳定名义增长中枢。从政策工具来说， 我们估计央行可能会重启国债买卖与降准；降息有低息差、外部均衡与空间收窄等约束，触发阈值会更高；结构性工具可能会聚焦于支持政策性金融工具落地，以 及消费科创、数字金融等方向；此外，准备金制度改革亦值得关注。 第三， 狭义流动性实质上是货币政策态度的映射。上半年狭义流动性随着政策重心的变化先紧后松；下半年政策逆周期稳增长仍在继续，但从二季度货币政策委员 会例会提及宏观审慎视角，"关注长期收益率的变化"以及"防范资金空转"来看，货币供给倾向于跟随需求做适应性调 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant increase in social financing (社融) in June, which amounted to 4.2 trillion yuan, exceeding market expectations and showing a year-on-year increase of 900.8 billion yuan, indicating a positive trend in credit and financing conditions [1][5]. Summary by Sections Social Financing Overview - In June, social financing increased by 4.2 trillion yuan, higher than the market average expectation of approximately 3.7 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 900.8 billion yuan. The stock growth rate of social financing was 8.9%, up by 0.2 percentage points from the previous month [1][5]. Factors Influencing Credit Growth - The increase in real credit amounted to 2.4 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 171 billion yuan, influenced by four main factors: stronger seasonal credit demand, the issuance of special government bonds, central bank liquidity support, and concentrated government-led project financing [1][6]. Structural Changes in Loans - Residential loans remained stable at low levels, while corporate loans showed significant changes. Short-term corporate loans increased by 490 billion yuan, reflecting stronger seasonal demand and the impact of structural tools. Corporate bill financing decreased by 371.6 billion yuan, and long-term loans saw a slight increase of 40 billion yuan [2][7]. Government Bond Financing - Government bonds increased by 1.35 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 507.2 billion yuan. The proportions of national bonds, local government new bonds, and special refinancing bonds were 58%, 30%, and 12%, respectively [2][8]. Foreign Currency Loans - Foreign currency loans increased by 32.6 billion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 113.3 billion yuan, benefiting from a low base last year and a weaker US dollar [3][9]. M1 Growth - M1 growth in June was 4.6%, up by 2.3 percentage points from the previous month, with a monthly increase of 500 billion yuan, the highest in five years. This was attributed to strong financing from government projects, reduced debt repayment impacts, and high foreign trade settlement [3][10]. Overall Assessment - The overall expansion of credit and social financing in June, along with the initial elasticity in M1 growth, supports a positive market risk appetite. The first half of the year saw a year-on-year increase in real credit of 279.6 billion yuan and a total social financing increase of 4.74 trillion yuan, aligning with a moderately loose monetary policy [4][11].