本轮美国政府关门进入第35天，追平了2018-2019年创下的最长停摆纪录，这场僵局正在金融市场掀起巨浪，其抽干流动性的效果堪比多轮加息。但一 些共和党议员预测僵局可能在本周结束，Markwayne Mullin表示，他对本周达成协议"非常有信心"，并特别指出，"我认为我们有可能在明天（周三） 晚上完成……但更有可能是在周四。" "关门等于加息"：流动性危机浮现 市场剧烈波动的背后，是一场日益严峻的流动性危机，而政府关门被认为是主要推手。 分析显示，停摆迫使美国财政部在过去三个月内将其在美联储的一般账户（TGA）余额从约3000亿美元猛增至突破1万亿美元，创下近五年新高。这一 过程相当于从市场抽走了超过7000亿美元的现金。 美国政府关门正将金融市场推向危险边缘，但僵局中也开始出现转机迹象，美国国会两党传出谈判取得进展的信号，部分共和党议员乐观预测本周可能 达成协议。 周二，美国市场遭遇"黑色星期二"。 华尔街大行CEO关于美股估值过高的警告点燃了投资者焦虑，叠加对政府停摆恶化流动性危机的担忧，风险资产遭 遇大规模抛售。 纳斯达克指数和标普500指数录得近一个月来最大单日跌幅，科技股和半导体板块成为重灾区。 ...

Group 1 - Recent adjustments in the sovereign debt markets of Europe and Japan have led to a global financial market risk-off sentiment, driven by political instability and rising expectations for fiscal easing [2][3][33] - The rise in long-term bond yields is primarily attributed to the rebound in inflation and the increase in medium- to long-term inflation expectations, with core CPI in major Western economies returning to the "3 era" [2][3][42] - The European Central Bank (ECB) and the Bank of Japan (BOJ) are marginally tightening their monetary policies, contributing to the rise in bond yields, while the Federal Reserve is still in a rate-cutting phase [3][53] Group 2 - The U.S. monetary market is undergoing a "stress test" due to the Federal Reserve's balance sheet reduction, the rebuilding of the Treasury General Account (TGA), and seasonal tax payments, raising concerns about a potential repeat of the 2019 repo crisis [4][58][61] - The liquidity environment in the U.S. monetary market is somewhat similar to that of September 2019, but the risk of a repeat crisis is considered manageable due to the gradual nature of the Fed's balance sheet reduction and the overall liquidity remaining ample [4][65][69] Group 3 - The risk of a "Treasury tantrum" in the U.S. is currently deemed controllable, with several factors supporting stability in the bond market, including the passage of the "Big and Beautiful Act" and improved fiscal conditions [4][78][79] - Long-term U.S. Treasury yields are expected to trend upward, driven by rising term premiums and a return to a "fiscal dominance" paradigm, with the frequency of simultaneous declines in stocks, bonds, and currencies likely to increase [5][83][84]

Group 1: Sovereign Debt Market Adjustments - Recent adjustments in European and Japanese sovereign debt markets have led to a global risk-off sentiment, with UK 10-year bond yields rising to 4.85% and 30-year yields reaching 5.89%, the highest since 1998[14][22] - Political instability and expectations of fiscal easing in Europe and Japan are primary drivers of rising bond yields, with UK CPI inflation at 3.7% and Japan's core-core CPI at 3.4%[3][37] - The European Central Bank (ECB) and Bank of Japan (BOJ) are shifting towards tighter monetary policies, contributing to the upward pressure on long-term bond yields[4][41] Group 2: US Monetary Market Pressure Test - The US monetary market is undergoing a "stress test" due to the Federal Reserve's balance sheet reduction, TGA account rebuilding, and seasonal corporate tax payments, reminiscent of the 2019 repo crisis[5][45] - In September 2019, secured overnight financing rates (SOFR) spiked to 5.25%, highlighting liquidity shortages, with a similar environment emerging now but with manageable risks[49][50] - Current liquidity remains ample, and the Fed has tools to manage potential pressures, indicating that while risks exist, they are not imminent[56][61] Group 3: Reassessment of US Treasury Risks - The risk of a repeat of the "Treasury tantrum" is considered controllable, with factors such as a larger TGA funding gap and increased long-term debt issuance influencing market stability[6][63] - The US economy is projected to grow at around 5% in Q3 2023, but inflationary pressures remain, with Brent crude oil prices fluctuating around $90 per barrel[6][63] - The long-term outlook for US Treasury yields suggests an upward trend driven by fiscal dominance and rising term premiums, with market expectations for Fed rate cuts in 2026 being overly optimistic[66][68]