10月3日，世贸组织服务贸易理事会召开2025年第三次会议，就落实世贸组织第十三届部长级会议成 果、电子商务工作计划等进行讨论。中方代表出席会议并发言。会上，中方继续揭批美方"对等关税"单 边主义和保护主义本质，指出美方只谈货物贸易吃亏、避谈服务贸易获利的片面性和误导性，呼吁成员 共同促进全球服务贸易健康稳定发展。此外，中方还主动介绍我跨境数据流动最新政策和良好实践，并 就美国、印度滥用国家安全措施限制我企业和产品等问题提出关注。 ...

Group 1 - The Hong Kong government is commissioning an expert group to study the establishment of a robust data trading ecosystem, focusing on Hong Kong's role as a super connector in international data trade, including necessary conditions, rules, and implementation models [1] - The expert group's research will cover important topics related to data trading, such as data format standardization, pricing mechanisms, and data security protection, with recommendations expected by the 2025-2026 fiscal year [1] - The Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Bureau signed a memorandum in June 2023 to promote cross-border data flow within the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, facilitating personal information transfer from mainland cities to Hong Kong [2] Group 2 - The Greater Bay Area Standard Contract has been established to simplify arrangements for cross-border data flow, addressing potential legal issues through voluntary adoption of the contract model [2] - Hong Kong aims to enhance its position as an international arbitration center by promoting online dispute resolution services, with the eBRAM Center providing efficient and cost-effective online platforms for dispute resolution since 2022 [3] - As of August 2025, over 550 companies from various sectors have joined the eBRAM Center's online transaction facilitation platform, supporting cross-border business transactions [3] Group 3 - The Hong Kong government is actively supporting the establishment of a common online dispute resolution platform for the Greater Bay Area, with the eBRAM Center launching a collaborative platform in July 2024 [4] - The collaborative platform has signed memorandums of understanding with 14 institutions to integrate dispute resolution resources within the Greater Bay Area [4] - The Hong Kong government plans to continue optimizing dispute resolution mechanisms, particularly for cross-border commercial disputes arising from data flow, while maintaining communication with stakeholders in the legal and dispute resolution sectors [4]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is accelerating the implementation of policies to support service trade, indicating a positive growth trend in this sector [1][2]. Group 1: Policy Initiatives - The State Council's recent study emphasizes the need to enhance the international competitiveness of service exports, focusing on areas such as research, consulting, e-commerce, and digital service trade [2]. - The Ministry of Commerce plans to introduce a series of measures to promote service exports, including optimizing zero tax rate declaration procedures and increasing export credit insurance support [2][5]. - The government aims to leverage the effects of visa-free policies to attract more foreign tourists, thereby boosting travel service exports [2][3]. Group 2: Service Trade Growth - The global service export is projected to grow by 4% by 2025, with major economies showing robust growth in service trade during the first half of the year [1]. - In the first half of the year, transportation service exports reached 418.5 billion yuan, growing by 23.9%, while travel service exports surged to 174.87 billion yuan, marking a 68.7% increase [2][5]. Group 3: Digital Service Trade - The development of digital service trade is prioritized, with a focus on cross-border e-commerce and the digital transformation of trade processes [3]. - The Ministry of Commerce is set to promote and regulate cross-border data flow, which is crucial for many multinational companies [3]. Group 4: Negative List Management - The reduction of the negative list for cross-border service trade is a key strategy for expanding service imports [3][4]. - The government is actively monitoring the implementation of the negative list and addressing any challenges that arise [4]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The next phase is expected to see increased support from fiscal, tax, financial, and regulatory measures for service trade, particularly service exports [5]. - Overall, service trade is anticipated to maintain growth throughout the year, with an ongoing optimization of trade structure [5].

Core Insights - The Chinese government is accelerating the implementation of policies to support service trade, focusing on innovation and new growth drivers in foreign trade [1][2] - The World Trade Organization (WTO) projects a 4% growth in global service exports by 2025, indicating a positive trend for service trade [1] - China's service trade has been growing rapidly, ranking among the top globally, but still has gaps compared to advanced levels [1] Policy Support - The State Council's recent meeting highlighted the need to enhance the international competitiveness of service exports, with specific focus areas including research, consulting, e-commerce, and digital services [2] - The Ministry of Commerce plans to optimize the zero tax rate declaration process for service exports and increase support for export credit insurance [2] - Traditional service sectors like transportation and travel are currently driving the growth of service exports, with transportation service exports reaching 418.5 billion yuan, up 23.9%, and travel service exports at 174.87 billion yuan, up 68.7% [2] Digital Trade Development - The development of digital service trade is prioritized, with a focus on cross-border e-commerce and the digital transformation of trade processes [3] - The Ministry of Commerce aims to promote and regulate cross-border data flow, enhancing international data service capabilities [3] - The reduction of the negative list for cross-border service trade is seen as a key measure to expand service imports [3] Implementation and Future Outlook - The Ministry of Commerce is actively monitoring the implementation of the negative list for cross-border service trade and addressing any issues that arise [4] - Increased support in fiscal, tax, financial, and regulatory aspects is expected to boost service trade, particularly service exports [5] - The overall outlook for China's service trade remains positive, with expectations of continued growth and structural optimization throughout the year [5]

Core Viewpoint - The World Trade Organization (WTO) is facing unprecedented transformation pressures due to profound changes in the global economic and trade landscape, necessitating effective strategies for stability and development in the international trade system [3]. Group 1: Current Global Economic Landscape - The international political and economic landscape is undergoing deep restructuring, characterized by sluggish global economic growth, persistent high inflation, and low interest rates, which are suppressing trade [5]. - Increased geopolitical instability and intensified strategic competition among major powers are significantly impacting global supply chain stability and trade trust [5]. - Trade protectionism is resurging, with the U.S. implementing policies such as "nearshoring," "friend-shoring," and "manufacturing repatriation," leading to heightened fragmentation risks in trade and accelerated restructuring of global industrial and value chains [5]. Group 2: Regional Trade Agreements and Governance - The global economic governance system is accelerating its differentiation, with regional trade agreements (RTAs) like RCEP and CPTPP emerging as alternatives to the WTO multilateral rule system, diverting member countries' attention and resources [5]. - As of June 2025, the number of global RTAs has surged from 99 in 2000 to 619, with 375 currently in effect [5]. - The emergence of exclusive trade rules within regional agreements undermines the WTO's non-discrimination principle, complicating global trade dynamics [5]. Group 3: Increasing Trade Disparities - The U.S., once a proponent of the multilateral trade system, has shifted towards "America First" and "reciprocal trade" policies, undermining the WTO's multilateral tariff negotiation mechanisms [6]. - The EU faces increased internal coordination challenges and diminished influence, while emerging economies and global South countries are demanding a voice commensurate with their economic contributions, complicating trade rule negotiations [6]. - Rapid technological advancements are outpacing the development of trade rules, particularly in digital trade, artificial intelligence, and cross-border data flows, leading to increased regulatory friction and market uncertainty [6]. Group 4: Challenges Facing the WTO - The WTO's negotiation and dispute resolution mechanisms are under severe strain, with the Doha Round negotiations stalled and significant disagreements among major members on core issues like market access [7]. - The WTO's dispute resolution mechanism has been effectively paralyzed since 2019 due to the U.S. blocking the appointment of new judges, leading to a reliance on temporary arbitration arrangements that have limited scope and effectiveness [7]. - Major members are increasingly ignoring multilateral rules on tariff issues, resulting in a decline in the binding nature of trade rules and a fragmented international trade system [7]. Group 5: Shifts in Negotiation Topics - Developing countries are increasingly vocal about their demands for fair trade, technology access, and development space, while traditional issues like agricultural subsidies have been marginalized in multilateral negotiations [8]. - Developed countries, led by the U.S., are prioritizing emerging topics such as digital economy, industrial subsidies, and climate issues, creating significant divides with developing nations [8]. - The focus on new negotiation topics has intensified, with capital, labor, data flows, and environmental protection gaining prominence in WTO discussions [9]. Group 6: Power Dynamics in Trade Rule-Making - Emerging economies, particularly China, are gaining strength and actively participating in global rule-making, seeking to establish rules that reflect their interests [9]. - Developed economies are attempting to reshape multilateral trade rules amid crises, using concepts like "democratic values" and "high-standard labor rights" to exclude non-market economies, which increases the risk of WTO fragmentation [10].

Group 1 - The Malaysian Trade Minister announced an agreement with the United States to improve environmental protection measures [1] - The agreement also aims to encourage cross-border data flow between the two countries [1]

Group 1 - The global trade landscape is undergoing rapid restructuring, entering a more challenging "Tariff 2.0 era" characterized by broader implications, higher average tariffs, and more pronounced factional divisions [1] - The Shanghai University of Finance and Economics hosted a forum focused on "The Path for Chinese Enterprises in the Tariff 2.0 Era," aiming to explore strategies and opportunities for Chinese companies under new tariff policies [1] - The forum emphasized the need for a practical dialogue mechanism, innovative talent cultivation models, and contributions of Chinese wisdom to global governance [1] Group 2 - Companies are facing challenges in overseas financing, with banks raising requirements for outbound financing, including the need for loans from qualified foreign banks and ESG compliance [1][2] - The phenomenon of "involution" in competition is leading to a decline in market share for Chinese companies in overseas markets, necessitating industry associations to establish standards to prevent vicious competition [2] - To mitigate trade risks, companies are encouraged to diversify exports and upgrade transshipment trade, with suggestions to explore new intermediary countries like the UAE for better trade relations with the U.S. [2] Group 3 - A roundtable discussion revealed that 80% of surveyed foreign trade enterprises in Suzhou achieved positive growth despite adverse external conditions, showcasing the resilience of private export enterprises [5] - The government of Suzhou is actively involved in addressing foreign trade issues to prevent potential social problems arising from factory shutdowns and employee layoffs [5] - Companies are adapting to increased tariffs by maintaining existing trade methods, leveraging cost advantages, and utilizing transshipment trade to circumvent tariff barriers [5][6] Group 4 - Different sizes and types of companies exhibit varying strategies in response to tariffs, with those possessing core competitiveness being less affected [6] - Traditional B2B companies with less bargaining power face significant pressure from sudden tariff increases, potentially leading to order cancellations or delays [6] - High-tech industries with irreplaceable products can mitigate tariff impacts through price adjustments, while smaller sellers may benefit from shifts in sales volume due to changes in platform traffic [6]

Core Viewpoint - The second meeting of the China-Europe Financial Working Group took place in Brussels, focusing on various economic and financial stability issues amid global uncertainties [1] Group 1: Economic and Financial Stability - The meeting addressed global economic uncertainties and the macroeconomic situations of China and Europe, emphasizing the importance of financial stability [1] - Discussions included regulatory frameworks for the banking and insurance sectors, highlighting the need for robust oversight in these industries [1] Group 2: Emerging Areas of Cooperation - Constructive discussions were held on sustainable finance, indicating a mutual interest in promoting environmentally responsible investment practices [1] - The meeting also explored cross-border data flows and the construction of cross-border payment systems, reflecting a commitment to enhancing financial integration [1]

Group 1 - The second meeting of the China-Europe Financial Working Group was held in Brussels, Belgium, on May 13-14, focusing on global economic uncertainties and macroeconomic conditions [1] - Discussions included financial stability, banking and insurance regulation, and the development of pension funds and leasing companies [1] - Constructive discussions were held on emerging areas such as sustainable finance, cross-border data flow, and the construction of cross-border payment systems [1] Group 2 - A roundtable meeting for China-Europe financial institutions took place concurrently, where financial institutions provided professional advice on digital transformation and fintech innovation [1] - There was extensive communication regarding specific requests to optimize market access and promote business innovation [1] - All parties agreed to establish a regular communication mechanism to jointly promote deeper and broader financial cooperation between China and Europe [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the joint issuance of opinions by five departments to enhance financial support for the development of the Nansha area in Guangzhou, focusing on marine industries, commercial aerospace, and unmanned industries [1][2][3] - The initiative aims to establish Nansha as a financial hub for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, promoting high-quality development and international financial cooperation [2][3] - Financial institutions are encouraged to invest in high-tech marine industries and provide financial services for major marine infrastructure projects [1][3] Group 2 - The plan includes exploring institutional openness in the financial sector, aligning with international standards such as the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership [3] - The initiative promotes the facilitation of cross-border RMB business and simplifies the process for foreign-invested enterprises to handle RMB capital account transactions [5][8] - There is a focus on establishing a cross-border asset management center and accelerating the establishment of an international commercial bank in the Greater Bay Area [6] Group 3 - The Guangdong provincial government plans to allocate approximately 13.6 billion RMB over three years to support the construction of a modern industrial system [9] - The policy aims to lower financing costs for manufacturing and high-tech enterprises, with a maximum annual interest subsidy loan scale of 200 billion RMB [9] - The government is also optimizing incentive policies to attract foreign investment, including rewards for multinational company headquarters and foreign R&D centers [9] Group 4 - The number of private equity firms managing over 10 billion RMB has increased to 87, indicating a competitive landscape in the private equity sector [10] - The industry is experiencing a reshuffling, with some firms exiting and new entrants emerging, reflecting ongoing changes in the market dynamics [10]