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中远海发:关于取得金融机构股票回购专项贷款承诺函的公告
Zheng Quan Ri Bao· 2025-09-17 13:35
证券日报网讯 9月17日晚间,中远海发发布公告称,近日,公司取得中国银行股份有限公司上海市分行 (以下简称"中国银行上海分行")向本公司出具的《贷款承诺函》,同意为本公司回购A股股份提供专 项贷款支持,贷款金额最高不超过人民币2.7432亿元,贷款期限不超过三年,承诺函有效期自签发之日 起一年。该笔贷款需符合相关法律法规、监管规定及政策,并依法经国家有权部门审批、核准、备案, 具体安排由公司与中国银行上海分行签署的相关融资协议进行约定。 (文章来源:证券日报) ...
DHL is on customs agent hiring spree as Trump's trade war, reshoring bring big changes to U.S. shipping
CNBC· 2025-09-17 13:15
Core Insights - The current shipping season is described as the most atypical by DHL Global Forwarding's CEO, Tim Robertson, highlighting a significant slowdown in freight volumes compared to previous years [1][3][4] Shipping Industry Trends - Traditionally, retailers order holiday goods for late August/September arrival, but this year has seen a notable freight slowdown [2] - Volumes into the U.S. are described as "incredibly soft," contrasting sharply with previous years [3] - The trade war has led to year-over-year declines in some Asia to U.S. trade routes, with declines as high as 20% [4] Market Opportunities - Despite the slowdown in certain markets, volumes into other regions, such as Asia-Pacific into Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, are strengthening [5] - The current trade uncertainty is creating opportunities for companies to plan for long-term changes [5] Business Adjustments - DHL is hiring over 200 customs agents to manage increased shipping complexity and assist small and medium-sized importers [6][7] - The hiring initiative is expected to increase capacity within DHL's global forwarding division by nearly 40% [8] Sector Focus - DHL is targeting sectors benefiting from reshoring, particularly life sciences, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare [11] - The company has made recent investments in the North American pharmaceutical market, with Eli Lilly announcing a $5 billion investment in new U.S. manufacturing plants [12] Energy Sector Investments - DHL is focusing on electrification, battery storage, and EVs as growth drivers, aligning with domestic AI innovation priorities [13] - The company is investing in services to support the AI infrastructure boom and increasing AI technology usage within its DHL Trade Connect platform [14]
中远海发取得中国银行股票回购专项贷款承诺函
Zhi Tong Cai Jing· 2025-09-17 12:59
中远海发(601866)(02866)公布,近日,公司取得中国银行股份有限公司上海市分行向公司出具的 《贷款承诺函》,同意为公司回购 A 股股份提供专项贷款支持,贷款金额最高不超过人民币2.7432亿 元,贷款期限不超过三年,承诺函有效期自签发之日起一年。 ...
中远海发(02866)取得中国银行股票回购专项贷款承诺函
智通财经网· 2025-09-17 12:57
智通财经APP讯,中远海发(02866)公布,近日,公司取得中国银行股份有限公司上海市分行向公司出具 的《贷款承诺函》,同意为公司回购 A 股股份提供专项贷款支持,贷款金额最高不超过人民币2.7432亿 元,贷款期限不超过三年,承诺函有效期自签发之日起一年。 ...
南华期货集运产业周报:运价降幅趋缓,关注12合约低多机会-20250917
Nan Hua Qi Huo· 2025-09-17 10:21
Group 1: Report Summary - The report is a weekly analysis of the container shipping industry by Nanhua Futures, focusing on the European Line (EC) container shipping index futures [1] - It provides insights into market trends, trading strategies, and industry news for the week of September 14, 2025 [1] Group 2: Investment Ratings - There is no specific investment rating provided for the industry in the report [1] Group 3: Core Views - The core factors affecting the EC price are the spot cabin quotes on the European line and weak off - season demand. The continuous decline of spot cabin quotes in late September led to a weakening of the futures price [1] - In the short - term, the futures price may continue to oscillate slightly downward, but there is a possibility of a short - term rebound as it has reached a short - term low [4] - In the long - term, if the Red Sea resumes shipping due to geopolitical changes, or if the off - season demand further weakens, the European line freight rates may decline [7] Group 4: Trading Strategies Trading - Type Strategy - The trend is a continuation of the downward momentum. The short - term support for the main contract is in the range of 1050 - 1100, and the pressure level is in the range of 1200 - 1250 [9][10] - For hedging, one can sell at high positions, but also pay attention to the low - buying opportunity of the 12 - contract at 1550 - 1600 points [10] Arbitrage Strategy - For the arbitrage (inter - period) strategy, it is advisable to stay on the sidelines for now [12] Industrial Customer Operation Strategy - For the spot - futures (basis) strategy, traders can short the basis at an appropriate time [12] - For the cabin management of enterprises with full capacity or poor booking volume, they can short the container shipping index futures to lock in profits. For cost management, when the shipping company's empty - sailing intensity increases or the peak season is approaching, they can buy the container shipping index futures to lock in the booking cost [13] Group 5: Market Information Positive News - In the first eight months of 2025, the EU was China's second - largest trading partner, with a total trade value of 3.88 trillion yuan, a 4.3% increase [27] - The Israeli Prime Minister's statement about the cease - fire in Gaza may potentially ease geopolitical tensions [27] - In the first half of 2025, China's cross - border e - commerce imports and exports showed a prosperous trend, with a year - on - year increase of 5.7% [27] Negative News - Mexico plans to impose up to 50% tariffs on Chinese and some Asian products [31] - The spot cabin quotes on the European line of major shipping companies continued to decline in late September, with Maersk and MSC's small - container quotes falling below $1000 [31] - The SCFI European line declined rapidly [31] Group 6: Market Analysis Single - Side Trend and Capital Flow - The EC futures price continued to oscillate weakly, guided by the spot booking price. Technically, the moving averages are in a short - position arrangement, with a slight downward expectation [30] - The net short - position of the main positions in container shipping decreased slightly, indicating a cautious trading sentiment [32] Basis Structure - The SCFIS European line continued to decline, with the basis narrowing compared to the previous week. Traders can short the basis at an appropriate time [34] Inter - Period Structure - The spreads of the EC2510 - 2512 and EC2510 - 2602 contract combinations widened significantly. It is advisable to stay on the sidelines for now [36][37] Group 7: Valuation and Profit Analysis - In the first half of 2025, major shipping companies such as COSCO SHIPPING, Maersk, and CMA CGM had relatively good profit and revenue performance, while some companies like ONE and Yang Ming Marine Transport saw a significant reduction in profits [39] - For the second half of the year, shipping companies believe that the uncertainty has increased, and they will focus more on cost control, which may affect freight rates from the supply and cost sides [39]
银河期货航运日报-20250917
Yin He Qi Huo· 2025-09-17 09:56
Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No investment rating information is provided in the report. 2. Core Views - **Container Shipping**: Spot freight rates are in a downward channel, and the decline is expected to slow down in mid - to late October. The overall freight rate center is expected to move down in the second half of the year due to tariff suppression. The 10 - contract valuation has room to decline, and trading strategies include weak oscillations for single - sided trading and specific arbitrage operations [8][9][11]. - **Dry Bulk Shipping**: The Baltic Dry Bulk Freight Index reached a one - and - a - half - month high. Large - vessel market freight rates are expected to be supported in the short term but lack strong upward momentum. Medium - vessel market transportation demand has certain support and is expected to fluctuate in the short term [19][22]. - **Oil Tanker Transportation**: The oil transportation market shows obvious differentiation. The crude oil transportation market continues to rise, while the refined oil market is in a downward trend. Long - term attention should be paid to the impact of environmental protection elimination and supply - demand reshaping on freight rates [29]. 3. Summary by Directory Container Shipping - Container Freight Index (European Line) - **Market Data** - **Futures Disk**: On September 17, 2025, EC2510 closed at 1,109.7, down 60.0 or 5.13%. Different contracts showed different price and volume changes [5]. - **Container Freight Rates**: SCFIS European Line was at 1440.24 points, down 8.06% week - on - week and 62.24% year - on - year. Different routes had different freight rate changes [5]. - **Fuel Costs**: WTI crude oil near - month was at $64.17 per barrel, up 1.82% year - on - year; Brent crude oil near - month was at $68.03 per barrel, up 1.51% year - on - year [5]. - **Market Analysis and Strategies** - **Analysis**: Spot freight rates are falling, and the impact of the closure of the Polish border on China - Europe freight trains continues. The freight rate center in the second half of September dropped to around 1400 - 1700 US dollars/FEU. The market is affected by factors such as demand, supply, and tariffs [8][9]. - **Strategies**: Single - sided trading is expected to be weakly oscillating. For the 10 - contract, short positions can be gradually reduced and profited before the National Day. For arbitrage, conduct 10 - 12 reverse arbitrage operations at low levels and enter 2 - 4 positive arbitrage at low levels [11][12]. Dry Bulk Shipping - **Market Data** - **Freight Index**: On September 16, the Baltic Dry Bulk Freight Index rose 0.05% to 2154 points. The Capesize vessel freight index rose 1.1% to 3189 points, while the Panamax vessel freight index fell 1.8% to 1968 points [18][19]. - **Spot Freight Rates**: Different routes of Capesize and Panamax vessels had different freight rate changes on September 16 and as of September 12 [18][20]. - **Shipping Data**: From September 8 - 14, 2025, the global iron ore shipping volume increased. Brazilian grain exports in September are expected to increase [21]. - **Market Analysis and Outlook** - **Analysis**: The rise in Capesize vessel freight rates offset the decline of smaller vessels. The large - vessel market is supported by Australian end - of - season cargo releases, but the cargo volume is expected to decrease from mid - October. The medium - vessel market has certain transportation demand support, mainly in a fluctuating trend [22]. Oil Tanker Transportation - **Market Data** - **Freight Index**: On September 16, the Baltic Dirty Tanker Index (BDTI) was at 1137, up 0.8% week - on - week and 26.76% year - on - year; the Baltic Clean Tanker Index (BCTI) was at 609, up 0.66% week - on - week and down 4.55% year - on - year [28][29]. - **Average Earnings**: VLCC average earnings were $57,975 per day, up 58.71% week - on - week and 90.00% year - on - year; Suezmax average earnings were $45,871 per day, up 43.38% week - on - week and down 14.04% year - on - year [28]. - **Crude Oil Futures Prices**: WTI crude oil near - month was at $64.17 per barrel, up 1.82% year - on - year; Brent crude oil near - month was at $68.03 per barrel, up 1.51% year - on - year [28]. - **Market Analysis and Outlook** - **Analysis**: The crude oil transportation market continues to rise, while the refined oil market is in a downward trend. The VLCC market is improving due to tight supply and slightly higher - than - expected cargo volume [29]. - **Industry News** - OPEC+ representatives will discuss updating member production capacity estimates in Vienna from September 18 - 19, aiming to determine new production baselines and 2027 production targets [30]. - On September 15, oil prices continued to rise due to supply interruption risks from Ukraine's attacks on Russian energy facilities and Trump's call for NATO to stop buying Russian oil [31].
太平洋航运(02343)9月17日斥资1495.26万港元回购600万股
智通财经网· 2025-09-17 09:49
Core Viewpoint - Pacific Shipping (02343) announced a share buyback plan, indicating confidence in its stock value and future prospects [1] Summary by Category Company Actions - The company plans to repurchase 6 million shares at a total cost of HKD 14.95 million [1] - The buyback price per share ranges from HKD 2.45 to HKD 2.52 [1] Financial Implications - The total expenditure for the buyback represents a strategic investment in the company's own equity, potentially enhancing shareholder value [1]
太平洋航运9月17日斥资1495.26万港元回购600万股
Zhi Tong Cai Jing· 2025-09-17 09:48
Group 1 - The company, Pacific Shipping (02343), announced a share buyback plan on September 17, 2025, involving an expenditure of HKD 14.95 million to repurchase 6 million shares [1] - The buyback price per share is set between HKD 2.45 and HKD 2.52 [1]
中远海发(601866.SH):取得金融机构股票回购专项贷款承诺函
Ge Long Hui A P P· 2025-09-17 09:46
MACD金叉信号形成,这些股涨势不错! 格隆汇9月17日丨中远海发(601866.SH)公布,近日,公司取得中国银行股份有限公司上海市分行(以下 简称"中国银行上海分行")向本公司出具的《贷款承诺函》,同意为本公司回购A股股份提供专项贷款支 持,贷款金额最高不超过人民币2.7432亿元,贷款期限不超过三年,承诺函有效期自签发之日起一年。 该笔贷款需符合相关法律法规、监管规定及政策,并依法经国家有权部门审批、核准、备案,具体安排 由公司与中国银行上海分行签署的相关融资协议进行约定。 ...
中信期货晨报:国内商品期货涨跌互现,黑色系普遍上涨-20250917
Zhong Xin Qi Huo· 2025-09-17 08:10
1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - For global major assets, the improvement of US dollar liquidity is a medium - term trend, which is beneficial for the further rise of risk assets. Domestically, the process of household deposit transfer indicates an overall increase in risk appetite. It is recommended to focus on liquidity - sensitive risk assets in major assets, such as CSI 1000 stock index futures, non - ferrous metals, oilseeds, and precious metals. Also, the allocation value of Chinese bonds has increased, and the allocation opportunities in the fourth quarter can be monitored [7]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Macro Highlights - **Overseas Macro**: Attention is focused on the Federal Reserve's interest - rate meeting at 0:00 on September 18th. The market's baseline assumption for the interest - rate decision is a 25 - basis - point rate cut, with a small probability of a 50 - basis - point cut. After the lower - than - expected non - farm payroll data, the release of US inflation data in August provides another reason for the Fed to cut rates: inflation has not significantly increased due to tariffs. The intensifying personnel turmoil among Fed governors has also boosted market expectations for a rate cut [7]. - **Domestic Macro**: Domestically, the progress of physical work in the fourth quarter and changes in financial market liquidity should be observed. The issuance of special bonds related to infrastructure is generally stable, which supports the physical demand of infrastructure projects in the fourth quarter. However, there is a risk that the subsequent use of special bonds may be more for debt resolution and less for physical work such as infrastructure. Considering the uncertain implementation rhythm of 500 billion new policy - based financial instruments, the demand impulse for the physical consumption of commodities may be postponed to the end of the fourth quarter. For investors interested in financial assets, it is recommended to monitor the process of household deposit transfer and inflation changes [7]. - **Asset Views**: It is recommended to pay more attention to liquidity - sensitive risk assets in major assets. Specifically, investors should focus on CSI 1000 stock index futures, non - ferrous metals, oilseeds, and precious metals. Additionally, the allocation value of Chinese bonds has increased, and the allocation opportunities in the fourth quarter can be considered [7]. 3.2 Viewpoint Highlights 3.2.1 Financial Sector - **Stock Index Futures**: Adopt a dumbbell structure to deal with market differences. The short - term judgment is volatile, with the key point being the decline of incremental funds [8]. - **Stock Index Options**: Continue the hedging and defensive strategy. The short - term judgment is volatile, with the key point being the deterioration of option market liquidity [8]. - **Treasury Bond Futures**: The stock - bond seesaw may continue in the short term. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including unexpected tariffs, unexpected supply, and unexpected monetary easing [8]. 3.2.2 Precious Metals - **Gold/Silver**: The restart of the US interest - rate cut cycle in September and the expanding risk of the Fed's independence are driving prices up. The short - term judgment is volatile upward, with key points including US fundamental performance, Fed monetary policy, and global equity market trends [8]. 3.2.3 Shipping Sector - **Container Shipping to Europe**: The peak season in the third quarter has ended, and there is no upward driving force due to loading pressure. The short - term judgment is volatile, with the key point being the rate of freight decline in September [8]. 3.2.4 Steel and Iron Ore - **Steel**: Steel mills' profits are shrinking, and the supply and demand of rebar are both weak. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including the progress of special - bond issuance, steel exports, hot - metal production, overseas mine production and shipment, domestic hot - metal production, weather factors, and changes in port ore inventory [8]. - **Iron Ore**: Hot - metal production has returned to a high level, and port inventory has slightly increased. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including overseas mine production and shipment, domestic hot - metal production, weather factors, and changes in port ore inventory and policy dynamics [8]. 3.2.5 Black Building Materials - **Coke**: Supply has increased significantly, and the second round of price cuts has begun. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including steel - mill production, coking costs, and macro sentiment [8]. - **Coking Coal**: Supply has basically recovered, and the spot market sentiment is cautious. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including steel - mill production, coal - mine safety inspections, and macro sentiment [8]. - **Silicon Iron**: Supply and demand are becoming more relaxed, and the market is under pressure. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including raw - material costs and steel - procurement situations [8]. - **Manganese Silicon**: The supply - demand outlook is pessimistic, and the upward driving force is limited. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including cost prices and overseas quotes [8]. - **Glass**: Supply has slightly increased, and expectations are still fluctuating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with the key point being spot sales [8]. - **Soda Ash**: Middle - stream concentrated pick - up has led to continuous inventory reduction. The short - term judgment is volatile, with the key point being soda - ash inventory [8]. 3.2.6 Non - Ferrous Metals and New Materials - **Copper**: There are new disturbances in copper - ore supply, and copper prices are oscillating strongly. The short - term judgment is volatile upward, with key points including supply disturbances, unexpected domestic policies, the Fed being less dovish than expected, and unexpected slowdown in domestic demand recovery [8]. - **Alumina**: Spot prices are weakening, and inventory is accumulating. Alumina prices are under pressure and oscillating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including unexpected delays in ore resumption, unexpected electrolytic - aluminum resumption, and extreme market trends [8]. - **Aluminum**: Inventory continues to accumulate, and aluminum prices are oscillating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including macro risks, supply disturbances, and unexpected demand [8]. - **Zinc**: Inventory continues to accumulate, and zinc prices are oscillating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including macro - turning risks and unexpected recovery in zinc - ore supply [8]. - **Lead**: The supply of recycled lead has decreased, and lead prices are oscillating upward. The short - term judgment is volatile upward, with key points including supply - side disturbances and slowdown in battery exports [8]. - **Nickel**: Indonesia has cracked down on illegal mining, and nickel prices are oscillating widely. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including unexpected macro and geopolitical changes, Indonesian policy risks, and unexpected supply shortages [8]. - **Stainless Steel**: Cost support is strong, and the stainless - steel market has risen significantly. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including Indonesian policy risks and unexpected demand growth [8]. - **Tin**: The resumption of production in Wa State is slower than expected, and tin prices are oscillating at a high level. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including changes in the expectation of Wa State's resumption of production and demand improvement [8]. - **Industrial Silicon**: Supply is continuously increasing, suppressing the upward space of silicon prices. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including unexpected supply cuts and unexpected photovoltaic installations [8]. - **Lithium Carbonate**: The fundamental driving force is weak, and prices are oscillating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including unexpected demand, supply disturbances, and new technological breakthroughs [8]. 3.2.7 Energy and Chemical Industry - **Crude Oil**: Supply pressure continues, and geopolitical disturbances still exist. The short - term judgment is volatile downward, with key points including OPEC+ production policies and Middle - East geopolitical situations [10]. - **LPG**: Valuation repair has been realized, and attention should be paid to cost - side guidance. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including the progress of cost factors such as crude oil and overseas propane [10]. - **Asphalt**: Option positions are concentrated at 3500, and there is intense competition between long and short positions. The short - term judgment is volatile downward, with key points including sanctions and supply disturbances [10]. - **High - Sulfur Fuel Oil**: Russian fuel - oil exports have reached a new high, and the fuel - oil market is weak. The short - term judgment is volatile downward, with key points including geopolitical situations and crude - oil prices [10]. - **Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil**: Low - sulfur fuel oil fluctuates widely following crude - oil prices. The short - term judgment is volatile downward, with the key point being crude - oil prices [10]. - **Methanol**: The contradiction between near - term and far - term contracts is still large, and methanol is oscillating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including macro - energy factors and upstream and downstream device dynamics [10]. - **Urea**: Urea has returned to a fundamental - driven decline and is waiting for new positive factors. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including the actual implementation of exports and market - sentiment changes under long - term pressure [10]. - **Ethylene Glycol**: Expectations are leading, and the market is pessimistic about future production - capacity pressure. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including coal and oil price fluctuations, port - inventory rhythms, and device implementation [10]. - **PX**: Fundamental driving forces are limited, and prices mainly follow costs under the temporary support of PXN. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including significant crude - oil fluctuations, macro - level changes, and unexpected weakness in the peak - demand season [10]. - **PTA**: The willingness to hold goods is low, and spot liquidity is abundant, suppressing the basis. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including significant crude - oil fluctuations, macro - level changes, and unexpected weakness in the peak season [10]. - **Short - Fiber**: Raw - material support is average, and processing fees have improved under factory price - holding. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including the purchasing rhythm of downstream yarn mills and the quality of peak - season demand [10]. - **Bottle Chips**: The off - season of demand is deepening, with significant constraints. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including the implementation of bottle - chip enterprise production - cut targets and terminal demand [10]. - **Propylene**: The reduction in the volume of propane and PL commodities has boosted prices, and it is slightly stronger in the short term. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including oil prices and domestic macro - economic conditions [10]. - **PP**: There may be support near the previous low, and PP is oscillating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including oil prices and domestic and international macro - economic conditions [10]. - **Plastic**: Peak - season demand provides slight support, and plastic is oscillating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including oil prices and domestic and international macro - economic conditions [10]. - **Styrene**: Market sentiment has improved, and attention should be paid to the implementation of policy details. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including oil prices, macro - economic policies, and device dynamics [10]. - **PVC**: Weak reality and strong expectations coexist, and PVC is oscillating. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including expectations, costs, and supply [10]. - **Caustic Soda**: Spot prices have peaked and declined, and caustic soda is cautiously weak. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including market sentiment, production starts, and demand [10]. 3.2.8 Agricultural Products - **Oils**: The good - condition rate of US soybeans has continued to decline, and oils continued to oscillate strongly yesterday. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including US soybean weather and Malaysian palm - oil production and demand data [10]. - **Protein Meal**: Spot prices are dragging down the futures market, and futures prices are testing the lower - limit support. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including US soybean weather, domestic demand, macro - economic factors, and Sino - US and Sino - Canadian trade wars [10]. - **Corn/Starch**: The number of incoming vehicles is at a high level, and both futures and spot prices are oscillating weakly. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including unexpected demand, macro - economic factors, and weather [10]. - **Pigs**: Spot - market pressure continues, and the futures market is weak in the near term and strong in the long term. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including breeding sentiment, epidemics, and policies [10]. - **Rubber**: It is running strongly and has returned above 16,000. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including production - area weather, raw - material prices, and macro - economic changes [10]. - **Synthetic Rubber**: It continues to oscillate. The short - term judgment is volatile, with the key point being significant crude - oil fluctuations [10]. - **Cotton**: There is strong support at the bottom, and cotton prices have rebounded slightly. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including demand and inventory [10]. - **Sugar**: Sugar prices are oscillating slightly. The short - term judgment is volatile, with the key point being imports [10]. - **Pulp**: Market sentiment is stable, and pulp has entered a range - bound market. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including macro - economic changes and fluctuations in US - dollar - based quotes [10]. - **Double - Glued Paper**: Market sentiment has rebounded, and double - glued paper is oscillating strongly. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including production and sales, education policies, and paper - mill production starts [10]. - **Logs**: Processing demand has slightly recovered, and there is an expectation of spot - price increases. The short - term judgment is volatile, with key points including shipment volume and delivery volume [10].