Group 1 - The global private equity market has shown signs of structural recovery in 2024, with an increase in investment and exit activities, but fundraising continues to face pressure [1][2] - In 2024, the global private equity M&A transaction volume reached $602 billion, a 37% year-on-year increase, while total exits amounted to $468 billion, up 34% [1] - Fundraising in the industry declined for the third consecutive year, totaling $1.1 trillion in 2024, a 24% decrease compared to the previous year and a 40% drop from the historical peak in 2021 [1] Group 2 - The secondary market for private equity has become a crucial liquidity solution, driven by renewed investment and exit activities in the primary market, creating diverse exit demands [1][2] - The tightening fundraising environment has led to discount opportunities in transactions, further stimulating secondary transactions (S transactions) [1][2] Group 3 - The secondary market transaction volume from 2016 to 2024 has shown a trajectory of "volatile growth - pandemic pullback - structural recovery," with 2024 marking a record high of $162 billion, a 45% increase year-on-year [5][6] - The recovery is influenced by liquidity pressures on sellers and new capital influx for buyers, leading to a more mature secondary market ecosystem [6][30] Group 4 - In 2024, LP-led transactions accounted for $87 billion (54% market share), while GP-led transactions reached $75 billion (46% market share), reflecting balanced market development [9][10] - The concentration of top investors in LP-led transactions has increased, with the top eight investors holding 50% of the transaction share [9] Group 5 - GP-led transactions primarily involve mergers and acquisitions, with 82% of the total GP-led market transaction volume [10][14] - The use of continuation funds has become prevalent, capturing 79% of the GP-led market share, indicating a preference for long-term management of core assets [14][21] Group 6 - The pricing of GP-led transactions has improved, with 87% of single-asset continuation fund transactions having a discount rate of over 90% in 2024 [21][23] - LP-led market pricing has also seen a general improvement, with average pricing rising to around 90% of net asset value [23][26] Group 7 - The trading behavior in the secondary market has matured, characterized by the rise of co-investment models, concentration of quality assets, and innovation in deferred payment tools [24][30] - The trend of co-investment has increased, with the proportion of small institutions participating as co-leads rising from 8% in 2023 to 15% in 2024 [27][28] Group 8 - The market is witnessing a shift towards high-quality assets, with a decrease in small transactions and an increase in larger deals [28] - The use of deferred payment tools has tripled, with flexible terms and risk mitigation measures becoming more popular among market participants [29][30]

伴随 退出端的退出 "堰塞湖" ，科技型企业投资退出周期被拉长， 最近，很多 GP都在忙着给 基金做延期，尤其是2 0 1 5 - 2 0 1 6成立的那一波基金，基本上都是一延再延，甚至有基金已经延 期三次了。 同时，耐心的民间资金可以等待 7年8年，却难以等待1 2年、1 5年，民间资金进入 创投行业的热情被进一步打击。 "募资难，最难是募社会LP的钱。"已从业十余年的资深IR韩含（化名）对母基金研究中心感慨 道。 由于目前的市场环境下，国资出资人普遍要求市场化资金占到一定比例（往往是 5 0%左右）， 因此，即使国资仍在踊跃布局，因为缺乏民间资金，中国新设市场化基金募集困难的局面雪上 加霜，形成了当前基金募集的巨大"堵点"。VC/PE行业要见到钱才行，需要有更多社会LP、更 多资金，GP才能募齐一支基金，VC/PE行业才能正常的运作。 那么， 社会 LP都去哪了 ？ 韩含告诉母基金研究中心，近年来 高净值个人配置私募股权基金 的 比例断崖下跌， 出资越来 越保守；母基金方面， 市场化 的 母基金 基本都 没钱 了 ， 现在做得好的 市场化母基金管理 人基本上都去应聘地方国资母基金的管理人 了 ， 旗下的 ...

Core Insights - Shanghai has introduced a fund share valuation guideline to enhance the standardization and efficiency of S transactions in the private equity secondary market [1][4] - The S transaction market has seen a decline in activity over the past two years, contrasting sharply with previous years [3] - The valuation of fund shares is critical for S transactions, and the new guidelines aim to address the challenges posed by information asymmetry and complex transaction structures [4] Group 1: Valuation Guidelines and Market Dynamics - The newly released valuation guidelines provide a comprehensive framework for valuing fund shares, incorporating various mainstream valuation methods for both listed and unlisted equity [4] - The Shanghai Equity Custody Trading Center has previously launched a fund share valuation system, and the new guidelines are expected to further establish a widely accepted pricing system [4] - The S transaction platform serves as a crucial liquidity channel for the trillion-level private equity market, alleviating exit pressures for private equity firms [4][5] Group 2: Market Performance and Future Outlook - In 2024, the Shanghai S transaction market is projected to grow against the trend, with new transaction amounts expected to exceed 10 billion yuan [5] - As of May 18, the platform has completed 121 fund share transactions totaling approximately 25.24 billion yuan and 44 share pledge transactions amounting to about 9.93 billion yuan [5] - The S fund market is still in its early development stage, with a significant amount of existing assets (estimated between 15 trillion to 20 trillion yuan) seeking exit channels, but the effective buyer base remains limited [8] Group 3: Industry Ecosystem and Collaboration - The healthy development of the S fund market is closely linked to ecosystem building, as evidenced by the Shanghai S Fund Alliance's efforts in organizing training and resource sharing among members [9] - A report on post-investment management has been released, highlighting the importance of enhancing post-investment management capabilities for institutions to navigate complex market challenges [9] - Shanghai's position as a financial and innovation center, along with government support, provides a favorable environment for establishing a robust S fund market [10]

Core Viewpoint - The liquidity crisis in private equity is highlighted by Yale University's significant sale of $60 billion in private equity assets, which has seen little interest from buyers despite being offered at a discount [1][2][3] Group 1: Yale University's Asset Sale - Yale University announced the sale of its private equity assets, marking a historic move as it is the largest LP-initiated sale globally [2] - The expected price for the assets was around 90% of face value, but reports indicate that the actual offers are significantly lower, with discounts reaching up to 15% [2][3] - The urgency to complete the sale before the fiscal year-end has led to a lack of competitive bids, reflecting a broader trend of liquidity challenges in the market [2][3] Group 2: Broader Market Trends - The trend of LPs selling assets at steep discounts is becoming more common, with recent reports indicating discounts of 10% to 20% on LP-led sales [3] - Harvard University and Texas Tech University are also looking to sell private equity assets, but face similar challenges with low offers [3] - The overall market for private equity exits is under pressure, with a significant number of funds entering extended periods without returns [5][6] Group 3: Impact on LPs and GPs - Many LPs are expressing frustration over the lack of returns, with reports indicating that a majority of funds established since 2015 have not returned more than half of the invested capital [5][6] - The liquidity crisis is prompting LPs to reassess their investment strategies, leading to a tightening of capital and increased scrutiny on fund performance [6][7] - The emergence of "zombie funds," which have not exited or raised new funds, is indicative of the challenges facing the industry [7][8] Group 4: Industry Adaptation - Some GPs are reducing fund sizes and returning capital to LPs as a strategy to navigate the current market conditions [9] - The shift away from traditional VC models is evident, with firms exploring alternative investment avenues to attract capital [8][9] - The industry is undergoing a significant transformation, with a focus on survival and profitability becoming paramount for both GPs and LPs [9]

Private Equity Market Overview - The private equity market continues to show strong growth, with Ares Management's private credit segment maintaining its momentum [6] - New private equity funds are being launched, indicating ongoing investor interest and capital inflow into the sector [6] Hedge Fund Market Review - The Bloomberg Hedge Fund Index reported a preliminary decline of 0.4% last month, with a year-to-date drop of 1% [5] - Macro funds experienced the largest decline at 1.9%, while credit funds saw the highest gain at 1.7% [5] Market Dynamics and Player Movements - A major Chinese hedge fund, managing $20 billion, increased its allocation to Hong Kong stocks amid a sell-off, betting on Chinese government support to boost the market [6] - Jianlin Asset Management's partner expressed confidence in the Chinese market, having sold nearly all non-Chinese assets this year [6] Notable Events and Challenges - Bill Ackman highlighted a financial crisis facing Harvard University's $53 billion endowment fund, which may need to sell private equity assets at a significant discount [6] - Ackman suggested that the fund's actual value might be closer to $40 billion, indicating potential valuation adjustments across private equity investments [6]

凯雷联合创始人DAVID RUBENSTEIN：对日本私募 股权投资的兴趣日益浓厚。 ...

Core Viewpoint - Blackstone has resorted to a guaranteed return strategy to address fundraising difficulties, promising a 9.25% annual return for its European real estate fund, BEPIF, to attract investment from a large Asian institutional investor [2][4][6]. Group 1: Fundraising Challenges - Blackstone's BEPIF has struggled with fundraising, peaking at €1 billion but currently down to €625 million, facing over €100 million in redemption requests [5][4]. - The liquidity crisis in the global private equity (PE) industry, exacerbated by aggressive interest rate hikes from the Federal Reserve, has led to significant outflows from BEPIF [4][5]. Group 2: Guaranteed Return Strategy - The guaranteed return strategy is a rare move in the global PE industry, previously criticized for undermining industry fairness [2][10]. - Blackstone's previous use of this strategy in 2022 with the University of California involved a promise of 11.25% returns in exchange for a $4 billion investment, which was also aimed at resolving liquidity issues [8][10]. Group 3: Investment Opportunities - The recent €1 billion injection into BEPIF will not only alleviate liquidity issues but also allow for new investments, including the acquisition of a 50% stake in ArchCo, a UK real estate company, at a significantly reduced valuation [6][7]. - Blackstone's strategy aims to capitalize on opportunities in the European real estate market, enhancing its ownership in ArchCo while addressing liquidity concerns [7][8]. Group 4: Performance and Risks - Blackstone's previous guaranteed return agreement with the University of California has resulted in a $1 billion liability due to underperformance, with returns dropping to -0.5% in 2023 and only 1.95% projected for 2024 [10][11]. - The ongoing challenges faced by BEPIF and the implications of guaranteed returns highlight the risks associated with such strategies in the private equity sector [10][11].

Group 1: Overview of David Rubenstein - David Rubenstein is best known for co-founding the private equity giant Carlyle Group, which manages $453 billion in assets for various institutional investors [1] - As of May 13, 2025, Rubenstein's net worth is $3.9 billion [1] Group 2: Early Life and Education - Rubenstein was born in 1949 in a low-income neighborhood in Baltimore, Maryland, as the only child of a homemaker and a World War II veteran [2][3] - He graduated high school at 16 and later attended Duke University on a scholarship, followed by the University of Chicago Law School [3] Group 3: Career Path - After obtaining his law degree, Rubenstein worked at the law firm Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison and later served as chief legal counsel to Senator Birch Bayh [4][8] - He was involved in Jimmy Carter's presidential campaign and served as a domestic policy advisor in the White House [8] Group 4: Founding of Carlyle Group - In 1987, Rubenstein co-founded Carlyle Group with two partners, initially raising $5 million to start the firm [11] - Carlyle's first buyout fund raised $100 million by 1990, and the firm has since raised billions for over 100 different funds [11][12] Group 5: Declaration Capital - In 2017, Rubenstein transitioned to a role as co-executive chairman of Carlyle and founded Declaration Capital, focusing on venture capital and growth equity [12] - Declaration Capital has $2.2 billion in assets under management and invests in growth equity and real estate [18] Group 6: Family Involvement - Rubenstein's daughter, Alexa Rachlin, leads Declaration Partners LP, focusing on strategic investments [13][15] - Another daughter, Gabrielle (Ellie) Rubenstein, co-founded Manna Tree, a private equity firm focused on health and nutrition [17] Group 7: Recent Transactions - In 2024, Declaration Partners completed a secondary market transaction, packaging minority stakes in 11 assets valued at approximately $90 million [21] - Rubenstein led a group to acquire the Baltimore Orioles for about $1.7 billion in March 2024 [22] Group 8: Philanthropy and Other Roles - Rubenstein is a prolific author with five published books and hosts several television programs [25] - He is also a significant philanthropist, having pledged to donate over half of his wealth to charitable causes [27]

Market Overview - Yale University is selling up to $6 billion of its private equity portfolio, marking its first large-scale divestment from private holdings, with a reported 15% discount on the assets to prioritize liquidity [2] - The National Financial Regulatory Administration issued a notice regarding significant equity investments in unlisted companies by insurance funds, emphasizing compliance with specific regulations for investment platforms and private equity funds [2] - Beijing's healthcare authorities and nine departments released measures to support high-quality development in innovative pharmaceuticals, including the establishment of a 50 billion yuan healthcare industry fund and a 10 billion yuan pharmaceutical merger fund [3] - Two funds in Shunyi District, Beijing, were established with a total of 10 billion yuan, focusing on advanced sectors such as new energy vehicles and artificial intelligence [5] - A national artificial intelligence fund with a total scale of 60.6 billion yuan was established to promote high-quality development in the AI industry, covering the entire AI value chain [5] - The second AIC fund in Haidian District, Beijing, was successfully established with a registered capital of 100.5 million yuan, co-funded by market institutions [6] - The first "city-district-town" collaborative equity investment fund in Shunyi District was launched with a subscribed scale of 525 million yuan, focusing on new energy vehicles and aerospace [6]

Core Insights - Yale University and Harvard University are facing financial difficulties, leading to significant sell-offs of their private equity portfolios [2][4][6] - Yale plans to sell up to $6 billion of its private equity investments, which represents 15% of its endowment fund [2][4] - Harvard aims to sell approximately $1 billion in private equity assets and issue $750 million in taxable bonds to alleviate financial pressure [5][7] Group 1: Yale University - Yale's endowment fund totals $41.4 billion, but its return rate has declined to 5.7% for the fiscal year 2024, below the 10-year average of 9.5% [4] - Approximately one-third of Yale's endowment is allocated to private equity, which has become a burden due to low liquidity in the current market [4][9] - The decision to sell private equity holdings is aimed at increasing liquidity and providing room for future portfolio adjustments [4][9] Group 2: Harvard University - Harvard's endowment fund stands at $53.2 billion, with a return rate of 6.3% for the fiscal year 2024, also below its long-term target [6][7] - Harvard's financial situation is exacerbated by the freezing of $2.2 billion in federal funding and threats to its tax-exempt status [6][7] - The university's strategy includes selling private equity assets and issuing bonds to enhance liquidity and optimize its investment portfolio [7][9] Group 3: Broader Industry Context - U.S. university endowments are generally facing challenges such as declining investment returns, liquidity issues, and market volatility [9][10] - The overall investment environment for endowments has become more complex due to global economic uncertainties and geopolitical tensions [10] - Despite these challenges, there are opportunities for endowments to adjust their investment strategies and improve risk management [10]