中金研究 ► 房地产： 2024-2025年，北京、上海等代表性城市均放宽了限购条件，并取消了市郊区的限购套数。在公积金贷款、首付比、房贷利率等政策方面，各 地也做了优化。 从政策脉络来看，近几年清理消费限制的政策不断演进。 2018年《中共中央 国务院关于完善促进消费体制机制进一步激发居民消费潜力的若干意见》着 力从体制机制方面激发消费潜力，其中提出的"推进服务消费持续提质扩容"、"构建公平开放的市场环境"等政策举措[3]。虽然没有直接表述为清理消费限 制，但政策思路中已经体现这个方向。 此后政策更加聚焦于"行政性限制"，2020年12月中央经济工作会议要求"有序取消一些行政性限制消费购买的规定"[4]。这在汽车领域表现最为明显，例如 2021年2月《商务领域促进汽车消费工作指引》提出"将扩大汽车消费和促进产业长远发展相结合，有序取消行政性限制消费购买规定"[5]，多个城市也相 继优化调整汽车限购政策。 2025年以来，"清理消费领域限制性措施"成为重要政策方向。 3月《提振消费专项行动方案》提出"限制措施清理优化行动"，要求"有序减少消费限 制"、"持续优化营商环境"[6]。4月中央政治局会议"尽快清理消 ...

Group 1 - The Nanjing Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau has released a directory for government-subsidized vocational skills training for 2025, which includes 35 high-demand skilled occupations, 91 employment and entrepreneurship training projects, and 81 employee training projects [1][2] - The directory focuses on occupations that are most in demand in the job market, including roles such as artificial intelligence trainers and internet marketing specialists, with 80% of the listed occupations related to digital and manufacturing sectors [2] - Compared to last year, 12 new occupations have been added to the directory, while some saturated roles have been removed, indicating a shift towards emerging job markets [2] Group 2 - The subsidy standard for high-demand skilled occupations has been increased by 30% compared to the provincial benchmark, enhancing the financial support for training [3] - The 91 employment and entrepreneurship training projects aim to improve workers' capabilities, with a notable interest in new profession training, reflecting the changing labor market needs [4] - 38 companies have been supported to conduct skills enhancement training for their employees, with a focus on various skilled trades, indicating a collaborative effort between the government and businesses to upskill the workforce [5]