海南加快建设生态一流、绿色低碳的中国特色自由贸易港 护绿水青山家底 书生态文明答卷 生态是海南一大优势，要守护好这份家底，坚持陆海统筹，持续抓好突出环境问题整治，高质量建设国 家生态文明试验区。 海南日报全媒体记者 周晓梦 一次与世界的分享，一场特别的"对话"。 当地时间11月10日，巴西贝伦，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会(COP30)"中国角"首场 边会举行。现场，海南生态文明实践成果亮相，在世界舞台上讲述人与自然和谐共生的"海南故事"。 跨山越海，生态文明建设的海南之声，传向远方。 海南的探索，意义远超一岛。它试图回答一个时代性问题：一个追求高度开放的经济体，能否同时成为 生态文明的标杆? 答案是肯定的。海南正在证明，发展与保护可以共赢，开放与绿色能够协同。生态，不是发展的代价， 而是发展的方向、品质和未来。 航拍海南热带雨林国家公园五指山片区。(资料图) 向绿图强 从生态环境质量持续向好，到标志性工程滚动实施，再到生态产品价值实现案例不断增多，生态文明建 设在海南，是理念，是制度，是产业，更是触手可及的生活与充满希望的未来。 当前，海南自贸港全岛封关运作在即，海南着力描绘的，是一部绿水青 ...

尽管成效初显，生态产品价值实现仍面临诸多挑战。多位专家指出，核算体系不统一是当前最突出的问 题。中国人民大学生态文明研究院副院长、生态环境学院教授曾贤刚直言，当前GEP核算存在随意性 大、科学性不足的问题，核算结果往往停留在宣传或考核层面，与具体的项目融资、交易关联性不强， 实用性有待提高。自然资源部第一海洋研究所研究员陈尚也指出，核算参数在本地化、标准化方面有所 欠缺，导致结果难以横向比较和实际应用。 产权界定不清是另一大瓶颈。曾贤刚以"小产权房"为例，说明产权不完整将严重制约资产价值实现。他 指出，生态产品是一种资产，资产必须具有清晰的产权特征，包括所有权、使用权、经营权、流转权、 抵押权等。而生态资源多属于公共产品或集体所有，产权边界模糊、流转受限，导致难以进行市场化交 易和金融赋能。 此外，价值转化路径单一、金融支持不足、产业同质化严重等问题也屡被提及。南京农业大学土地管理 学院副教授陶宇指出，当前生态产品开发多集中于农产品与乡村旅游，缺乏差异化与系统化布局。中节 能生态产品发展研究中心有限公司生态产品部主任助理、研究专班负责人于涛也持同样观点："若大家 都去做农家乐、卖特产，很快就会供给过剩，导致效 ...

Core Insights - Zhejiang province, as the origin and pioneer of the "Two Mountains" concept, has integrated high-quality development with high-level protection over the past two decades, exemplified by Lishui City's Yunhe County, which has achieved significant ecological and economic outcomes [1] Group 1: Ecological Foundation - Yunhe County prioritizes ecological resource protection as the foundation for the "Two Mountains" transformation, establishing a comprehensive ecological protection system through ecological planning, digital remediation, and systematic restoration [2] - The county has developed a quantitative standard system with 127 indicators across 30 categories to coordinate ecological, service, cultural, and economic development [2] - The forest coverage rate in Yunhe County has reached 81.29%, and the surface water quality compliance rate is 100% [1] Group 2: Ecological Restoration - The county has implemented integrated protection and restoration projects, restoring over 5,000 acres of terraced fields and reducing the abandonment rate from 65% in 2016 to 3.3% [3] - Innovative agricultural practices such as "rice + snail" and "rice + fish" have been adopted to achieve ecological and economic benefits [3] Group 3: Economic Transformation Mechanisms - Yunhe County has established the first "Two Mountains Bank" in the country, offering "Two Mountains Loans" that integrate ecological credit as a prerequisite for financial support [4] - By selling the first "ecological land" in the country, the county has developed a model that combines economic output value with ecological environment appreciation [4] - As of March 2025, loans for Yunhe snow pears have reached a total credit of 312 million yuan, with 143 million yuan disbursed [4] Group 4: Ecotourism and Industry Integration - In 2024, the Yunhe terraced scenic area is expected to receive over 1.2 million visitors, generating tourism revenue of 250 million yuan [5] - The terraced fields have been approved as a 5A scenic area, with 285,800 visitors during the National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival holidays in 2025, resulting in tourism consumption of 137 million yuan [5] Group 5: Park Village Development - Yunhe County has established eight "Park Villages" as demonstration sites, with per capita disposable income for rural residents projected to reach over 22,400 yuan in 2024 [6] - The county has invested 87 million yuan in 2023 for 28 projects, leading to a 60% increase in collective operating income for villages [7] Group 6: Long-term Operation Mechanisms - The county employs an EPCO model for project management, enhancing efficiency and providing job opportunities for villagers [8] - A special fund for operations has been established, with over 100 million yuan allocated for "farm stay" loans, promoting the gathering of technology, capital, and talent in rural areas [8]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the successful implementation of the "Green Mountains and Clear Water are Gold and Silver Mountains" concept in Hainan, showcasing the province's commitment to ecological civilization and sustainable development, leading to significant economic and environmental benefits [6][8]. Group 1: Ecological Value and Economic Impact - The ecological product value (GEP) of the Wanquan River Basin for 2023 is estimated at 2097.53 billion yuan, marking the first time such a valuation has been conducted at the watershed level in the province [3]. - The "Two Mountains Platform" in Baisha has activated ecological resource value, providing over 41 million yuan in loans to small and micro enterprises, benefiting more than 3,900 farmers [5]. - The marine ranch at Wuzhizhou Island has seen fishery resources increase by over 200%, with fishery resources in artificial reef areas being five times higher than surrounding regions [5]. Group 2: Environmental Achievements - Hainan achieved a 99.4% proportion of good air quality days last year, with PM2.5 concentration at 12 micrograms per cubic meter, maintaining a leading position nationally in ecological quality [6]. - The flagship species of the Hainan gibbon has increased to 42 individuals across 7 groups, showcasing successful conservation efforts [6]. - The province has implemented a comprehensive ban on plastic, achieving an 80% replacement rate with biodegradable products [6]. Group 3: Green Industry Development - Hainan's new energy vehicle ownership reached 409,000 units by the end of last year, ranking second nationally, with a market share for new and replacement vehicles being the highest in the country [7]. - The province has established production capacities for modified materials (34,500 tons), catering products (45,000 tons), and film bags (57,100 tons) [7]. - The output value of biodegradable materials is projected to reach 406 million yuan in 2024, reflecting a growth of 68.25% [7]. Group 4: Future Directions - Hainan is committed to further advancing ecological protection and sustainable development, focusing on green and low-carbon transitions in production and lifestyle [7]. - The province aims to support the construction of a free trade port through high-level ecological environment protection [7].