同年，他注册成立家庭牧场，自学冷配技术和饲料配比，开始改良之路。同时，他还结合牛群长势和市 场需求反复调整饲养模式。2019年，他家的牛群被认定为盟级西门塔尔牛核心群，规模也扩至百头。 效益稳增，但问题随之而来。百头牛的食量让自家草场"喘不过气"。经过深思熟虑和市场调研，额尔敦 苏和决定第二次养殖转型。"养华西牛，少养精养，保护草场。换品种虽然风险大，但我还是想试试。" (乡村行·看振兴)锡林郭勒草原牧民的"少养精养"计划 中新网锡林郭勒9月30日电 题：锡林郭勒草原牧民的"少养精养"计划 作者 奥蓝 敖特根其木格 "3万！这牛犊刚出栏，就被客户抢着订走了！"眼下正是草原牲畜出栏季，额尔敦苏和指着牛圈里的牛 犊，眉眼间满是自豪。在内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟锡林浩特市巴彦宝拉格苏木，这位牧民早不拼养殖数 量，而是靠"少养精养"闯出了新路子。 这头小牛犊是华西牛，是我国首个具有完全自主知识产权的肉牛品种。该品种由中国农业科学院北京畜 牧兽医研究所联合多家机构经历43年攻关培育，2021年通过国家审定。 "国产良种"华西牛适应北方草原的气候，比进口品种更耐粗饲。这也是额尔敦苏和敢"换种"的底气之 一。如今，他家的牛棚里 ...

Core Viewpoint - China's agricultural technology innovation has reached a leading position globally, marking significant advancements in key agricultural technologies and self-sufficiency in crop varieties [1][2]. Group 1: Agricultural Technology Innovations - Over the past five years, China has made rapid breakthroughs in key core technologies in agriculture, developing essential crop varieties such as high-yield rice, drought-resistant wheat, and high-oil soybeans [1]. - The area of self-bred crop varieties has exceeded 95%, ensuring that "Chinese grain" primarily uses "Chinese seeds" [1]. - Self-bred livestock and aquaculture species have broken foreign monopolies, with market shares continuously increasing [1]. Group 2: Application of Agricultural Technology - A total of 50 modern agricultural industry technology systems have been established nationwide, providing comprehensive technology innovation services across the entire industry chain [2]. - Each year, 300 leading agricultural varieties and technologies are recommended to producers, enhancing the availability and customization of technological solutions [2]. - More than 1,000 enterprises are involved in ongoing national agricultural technology projects, accounting for 51% of total participating units [2].

Core Viewpoint - China's agricultural science and technology innovation has reached a leading position globally, with significant achievements during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1] Group 1: Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation System - The overall effectiveness of the agricultural science and technology innovation system has significantly improved, with over 800 agricultural research institutions and more than 120,000 researchers [2] - A policy framework has been established to integrate scientific resources and promote a structured, collaborative, and competitive agricultural innovation system [2] Group 2: Breakthroughs in Key Technologies - Rapid breakthroughs in core technologies have been achieved, including advancements in crop yield and quality control, and the development of proprietary sensors for soil nutrient prediction and animal behavior monitoring [2] - The area of independently bred crop varieties exceeds 95%, with major varieties such as high-yield rice and disease-resistant wheat being developed [2] Group 3: Integration of Industry, Academia, and Research - The deep integration of industry, academia, and research is progressing steadily, with over 1,000 enterprises participating in national agricultural science and technology projects, accounting for more than 51% of total participants [3] - A "Hundred-Thousand" project is being implemented to cultivate leading agricultural technology enterprises [3] Group 4: Application of Agricultural Technology Achievements - A nationwide agricultural technology promotion service system has been established, with over 400,000 grassroots agricultural technicians actively working to facilitate the application of scientific achievements [3] - 50 modern agricultural industry technology systems have been built around key crops, providing comprehensive technological services across the entire industry chain [3]

Core Insights - The market share of the domestically bred beef cattle breed, Huaxi Cattle, has exceeded 20% in China [1] - The Huaxi Cattle breed, developed over 43 years, has established itself as the first internationally competitive beef cattle breed in China, reducing reliance on imported core breeding sources [1] - The sixth National Bull Auction held in Inner Mongolia showcased the achievements of China's beef cattle breeding industry, with a total auction amount of 16.715 million yuan, of which Huaxi Cattle accounted for 13.675 million yuan [1] Industry Developments - The auction featured 73 quality bulls, with 62 sold, indicating strong interest and participation from various breeding farms and cooperatives across the country [1] - China's beef consumption market is on the rise, with beef production expected to reach 7.79 million tons in 2024, representing 8.1% of total meat production [1] - The proportion of large-scale beef cattle farming (50 or more cattle) is approaching 50% nationally, reflecting significant progress in the beef cattle industry [1] Future Outlook - Zhang Junmin emphasized the need for collaboration and innovation within the industry to enhance breeding, promotion, and application systems, aiming for high-quality development of the beef cattle industry [2]

Core Insights - The Huaxi cattle breed, developed over 40 years by Chinese scientists, has gained a steady market share and has been included in the list of leading agricultural breeds in China, accelerating its promotion [1][3] - Huaxi cattle exhibit competitive growth metrics, with an average daily weight gain of 1.36 kg, a slaughter rate of 62.4%, and a net meat rate of 53.9%, aligning with international standards [3] - The introduction of Huaxi cattle has improved the income of farmers, with an estimated economic benefit of 7 billion yuan from the breeding of over 7 million cattle [3][4] Industry Development - The breeding scale of Huaxi cattle has been expanding, with an average annual growth rate of 6% over the past four years, supported by local policies and technical assistance [4][6] - Challenges remain in increasing market acceptance of Huaxi cattle, which has only been recognized for about four years, compared to the century-long history of imported breeds like Simmental [6] - Continuous improvement and innovation in the technical system for Huaxi cattle breeding are necessary to enhance production performance and competitiveness [6]

Core Insights - The livestock breeding industry, particularly in beef cattle, is crucial for meeting the growing consumer demand for quality meat and diverse meat options, with livestock genetics contributing over 40% to the development of the livestock sector [1] - The development of independent beef cattle breeds is essential to break foreign monopolies and ensure the sustainable growth of China's beef cattle industry [1] Group 1: Technological Advancements - In Inner Mongolia, a breeding company is utilizing embryo transfer technology to significantly enhance the utilization rate of quality bull embryos [3] - The rapid development of intelligent breeding for beef cattle is underway, employing computer vision for 3D reconstruction and genetic assessment, which has greatly improved accuracy [3] Group 2: Domestic Breed Development - Under the national seed industry revitalization plan, China has accelerated beef cattle breeding, resulting in the creation of the Huaxi breed, which has achieved international standards in daily weight gain, slaughter rate, and meat yield [5] - The Huaxi breed has expanded from 6 to 12 provinces, with a breeding population of 17,300 by the end of 2023, and currently accounts for 20% of the national frozen semen sales [5] Group 3: Genetic Evaluation and Innovation - The establishment of a national beef cattle genetic evaluation center has collected over 1 million data points from 32 beef cattle breeds, achieving initial conventional genetic assessments and domestic software and hardware replacements [7] - Advanced breeding technologies, such as genomic selection and gene editing, have allowed China to partially surpass developed countries in beef cattle breeding, with domestic gene detection chips holding an 85% market share [7] Group 4: Future Directions - Plans are in place to establish a global livestock genetic resource sharing platform and to accelerate the construction of the world's largest national livestock genetic resource bank [9]