以下文章来源于地球知识局 ，作者地球知识局 2024年，中国粗钢产量10.05亿吨，在全球占比53.38%，连续5年成为十亿钢铁大国。产量榜TOP10 中，中国钢企独占6席。在产量这块，中国钢铁恐怖如斯。 这还是全国到处在抓过剩产能、落后产能的大环境下实现的。不过中国钢企也同时存在大而不够强、 产量多而不赚钱的阿喀琉斯之踵。 在净利润这块，中国最挣钱的四家上市钢企 （宝钢、中信特钢、南钢、华菱钢铁） ，2024年的净利 润加在一起，却还没有日本排第一的日本制铁高。 GEO-KNOWLEDGE GROUP 中国上市钢企 las 部以家 40利海 对比 (2024年) NIPPON STEEL 日本制铁 地球知识局 . 人文+地理+设计，全球视野新三观。 合作请联系：xiaobaibai_9999（注明品牌和需求） 本文来自微信公众号： 地球知识局 （ID：diqiuzhishiju） ，作者：绯红之猪，制图：果，校对：朝 乾，编辑：e 2024年 归母净利润 e 亿元元 约合 人民币 164亿元 参考资料:第一财经.全球第一大产销国背后:四家最赚钱上市额企利润之和不及日本 制铁一家.2025-07-19. (h ...

Core Viewpoint - China has maintained its position as the world's largest steel producer, with a crude steel output of 1.005 billion tons in 2024, accounting for 53.38% of global production, despite efforts to reduce excess capacity [3][20]. Group 1: China's Steel Industry - China's steel industry is characterized by high production but low profitability, with the net profits of its top four listed steel companies in 2024 not surpassing that of Japan's Nippon Steel [3][5]. - In 2024, China exported 11.07 million tons of steel, with an average price of $755.4 per ton, indicating a trend of increasing volume but decreasing total revenue [20][22]. - China's reliance on imported iron ore is significant, with imports reaching 1.237 billion tons in 2024 at an average price of $106.9 per ton, making the industry vulnerable to international price fluctuations [23][25]. Group 2: Japan's Steel Industry Recovery - Japan's Nippon Steel faced severe losses in 2019 but implemented a comprehensive reform strategy that included shutting down high-cost production facilities and focusing on high-value products, leading to a turnaround in profitability within a year [14][18]. - The company shifted its focus to producing high-margin products, such as special steel, which accounted for approximately 20.96% of its total crude steel output in 2020, compared to only 12.31% for China [17][20]. - Japan's steel industry has benefited from government policies aimed at eliminating outdated capacity and promoting industry upgrades, which could serve as a model for China's steel sector [12][26]. Group 3: Future Directions for China's Steel Companies - Chinese steel companies are encouraged to learn from Japan's past experiences and focus on producing high-value-added steel products to enhance profitability and competitiveness [26]. - The development of high-quality steel products, such as LNG ship steel and aircraft carrier deck steel, indicates progress in technology and product diversification within China's steel industry [26].

Group 1 - In 2024, China's crude steel production is projected to reach 1.005 billion tons, accounting for over 50% of global output, solidifying its position as the world's largest producer [1] - Despite high production levels, Chinese steel companies lag significantly in profitability compared to Japanese firms, with the top four Chinese steel companies' net profits combined being less than that of Nippon Steel [3] - Nippon Steel, despite producing only 39.64 million tons of crude steel in 2024, has managed to achieve higher profits than Chinese counterparts, highlighting a stark contrast in profitability [3] Group 2 - Cost control is a critical factor, with iron ore accounting for 40% to 50% of steelmaking costs; Nippon Steel has secured long-term low-price contracts with major miners, while Chinese companies rely heavily on imported iron ore, leading to higher costs [5] - Japanese steel companies focus on high-value specialty steel, with over 20% of Nippon Steel's production being specialty steel, while Chinese companies have only 12.31% of their production in this category, primarily producing lower-margin ordinary steel [5] - Chinese steel companies are making efforts to innovate, with advancements in producing specialized steel products, supported by government initiatives aimed at improving the industry [7] Group 3 - The current situation of "large but weak" and low profits in the Chinese steel industry indicates a need for transformation, emphasizing the importance of profitability over sheer production volume [8] - To compete effectively in the global steel market, Chinese steel companies must learn from Nippon Steel and transition from being "large producers" to "profit-making experts" [8]

Core Viewpoint - In 2024, China's crude steel production reached 1.005 billion tons, accounting for 53.38% of global output, maintaining its position as the world's largest steel producer for five consecutive years [1] Group 1: Production and Market Position - China dominates the global steel production landscape, with six out of the top ten steel companies being Chinese [1] - Despite the high production volume, Chinese steel companies face challenges such as overcapacity and low profitability [2] Group 2: Profitability Comparison - The combined net profit of China's four most profitable listed steel companies (Baosteel, CITIC Special Steel, Nanjing Steel, and Huazhong Steel) in 2024 is still lower than that of Japan's Nippon Steel [3][8] - Nippon Steel's net profit for 2024 is approximately 110.4 billion yen (around 5.61 billion RMB), significantly higher than the combined profits of the top Chinese steel firms [3][7] Group 3: Historical Context and Lessons - Japan's steel industry faced overcapacity issues in the late 20th century but successfully turned around by focusing on high-value products and strategic resource management [9][22] - Japan's Nippon Steel implemented significant reforms, including shutting down inefficient production lines and focusing on high-margin products, leading to a rapid recovery from losses [30][44] Group 4: Future Directions for Chinese Steel Companies - Chinese steel companies are encouraged to learn from Japan's experience, particularly in enhancing product quality and profitability [58] - The Chinese steel industry is making strides in producing high-value steel products, indicating potential for future growth and competitiveness [59]

此外，反内卷的浪潮也席卷钢铁行业，券商研报称，今年上半年黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业利润已经出现可喜的转变，达到462.8亿元，同比增长13.7倍，增 速为全部31个工业大类最高。黑色金属需求并不悲观，如果下半年"反内卷"政策有效落地，将加快行业盈利回归的进程。 从半年报业绩预告看，包括首钢股份、广大特材等在内的企业净利润实现同比大幅增长，其中柳钢股份归母净利实现530%至641%的增长。 但西宁特钢依旧处于亏损状态，公司公告称，上半年扣除非经常性损益后的净利润亏损约2.47亿元，同比上年增长约14%；归属上市公司股东的净利润约亏 损2.34亿元，同比上年增长20%左右。 本文源自：金融界 8月4日，市场热股西宁特钢股价收盘报4.99元，较昨日收盘价上涨0.39元，涨幅为8.48%。 自7月21日以来，西宁特钢11个交易日累计涨幅已经高达112%，其中7天涨停，热股持续排名沪深京市场起前列。 西宁特钢曾于7月30日晚间发布股票交易异常波动公告，称公司自查并向控股股东天津建龙钢铁实业有限公司及实际控制人核实，控股股东及实际控制人均 不存在应披露而未披露的重大信息。当天的龙虎榜数据显示，机构净卖出4188万元。 有券 ...

Group 1 - The company expects an upward trend in performance for the first half of 2025, covering the period from January 1 to June 30, 2025 [1] - The performance forecast is based on preliminary estimates from the company's financial department and has not been audited by an accounting firm [1] - The steel industry is experiencing a reduction in output and structural adjustments, leading to increased supply-demand contradictions and weak steel prices [1] Group 2 - The company has implemented several strategies to enhance performance, including focusing on problem-solving, benchmarking, and cost reduction [1] - There is a strong emphasis on innovation, with increased investment in the research and development of stainless steel and special steel products [1] - The company is transforming its marketing system with a customer-centric approach and integrating operations to improve internal efficiency [1]

Performance Forecast - The company expects a net profit of 350 million to 450 million yuan for the first half of 2025, compared to 139 million yuan in the same period last year, indicating an increase of 151.80% to 223.74% [1] - The net profit attributable to shareholders after deducting non-recurring gains and losses is projected to be between 273 million and 373 million yuan, compared to a loss of 57.21 million yuan in the previous year [1] - The basic earnings per share are expected to be between 0.061 yuan and 0.079 yuan, compared to 0.024 yuan in the same period last year [1] Reasons for Performance Change - The company attributes the performance improvement to intensified supply-demand contradictions and weak steel prices, leading to proactive problem-solving and cost reduction measures [1] - The company has focused on innovation, increasing R&D efforts for new stainless steel and special steel products, and has implemented a customer-centric marketing system transformation [1] - Efficiency has been enhanced through the integration of iron-making and steel-making plants, and the company continues to expand its operational dimensions around quality, cost, delivery, variety, and service (QCDVS) [1]

Core Viewpoint - The report by CITIC Securities on the acquisition of Xining Special Steel Co., Ltd. outlines the financial advisor's independent opinion, confirming that the acquisition complies with relevant laws and regulations, and that the information disclosed is accurate and complete [1][5][31]. Group 1: Acquisition Purpose and Financial Status - Tianjin Jianlong's acquisition aims to strengthen control over Xining Special Steel and enhance its financial stability by using the funds raised from a private placement to supplement working capital [5][9]. - Tianjin Jianlong's financial data shows total assets of approximately RMB 19.94 billion, net assets of about RMB 6.99 billion, and a debt-to-asset ratio of 64.93% as of December 31, 2024 [8][9]. Group 2: Compliance and Due Diligence - The financial advisor conducted thorough due diligence and found no discrepancies in the acquisition report, confirming compliance with the Securities Law and the Acquisition Management Measures [5][31]. - The financial advisor has verified that Tianjin Jianlong meets the qualifications for the acquisition and has no adverse credit history [10][11]. Group 3: Shareholding Structure and Control - Tianjin Jianlong is controlled by Beijing Jianlong Heavy Industry Group, which holds an 83.08% stake, with Zhang Zhixiang as the actual controller [12]. - The acquisition will not change the actual control of Xining Special Steel, ensuring the company's operational independence [18]. Group 4: Future Plans and Commitments - Tianjin Jianlong has no plans to change the main business operations or management of Xining Special Steel in the next 12 months [15][17]. - Commitments have been made to avoid any conflicts of interest and to maintain the independence of Xining Special Steel post-acquisition [20][27]. Group 5: Related Transactions and Regulatory Compliance - The report confirms that there have been no significant related transactions between Tianjin Jianlong and Xining Special Steel that exceed RMB 30 million in the past 24 months [28]. - Tianjin Jianlong has committed to reducing and regulating related transactions to protect the interests of minority shareholders [25][26].

Core Viewpoint - Xining Special Steel Co., Ltd. (referred to as "Xining Special Steel") is undergoing a significant capital increase through a share issuance to its controlling shareholder, Tianjin Jianlong Steel Industry Co., Ltd., reflecting confidence in the company's future development and long-term investment value [1][2]. Group 1: Acquisition and Share Issuance - On June 26, Tianjin Jianlong signed a conditional share subscription agreement with Xining Special Steel to fully subscribe to the A-shares issued to specific targets in 2025, with a total fundraising amount not exceeding 1 billion yuan [1]. - Xining Special Steel plans to issue no more than 578 million shares, with the net proceeds after issuance costs to be used entirely for replenishing working capital [1][3]. - Following the completion of this share issuance, Tianjin Jianlong's shareholding in Xining Special Steel will increase to 1.553 billion shares, representing 40.52% of the total share capital, thereby enhancing its control over the company [2]. Group 2: Financial Performance and Strategic Outlook - Since completing its restructuring, Xining Special Steel has been optimizing its product structure and improving product quality, although the net profit attributable to shareholders decreased by 39.41% and 19.42% year-on-year for 2024 and the first quarter of 2025, respectively [2]. - The funds raised from the share issuance are expected to enhance the company's capital strength and asset scale, aiding in optimizing the capital structure and reducing the debt ratio, which will improve the company's risk resistance [3]. - The demand for special steel is anticipated to increase with the growth of advanced manufacturing, presenting an important opportunity for the company's transformation and upgrade [3].

Core Viewpoint - Taiyuan City is focusing on industrial transformation and the cultivation of strategic emerging industries, enhancing innovation and establishing a green manufacturing system to drive high-quality economic development [1][31]. Group 1: Macroeconomic Analysis - Taiyuan's GDP for 2024 is projected to be CNY 541.887 billion, with a growth rate of 1.2%. The primary, secondary, and tertiary industries contribute CNY 4.785 billion, CNY 166.671 billion, and CNY 370.431 billion respectively, with the tertiary sector growing by 1.6% [2][4]. - The proportion of strategic emerging industries in Taiyuan's industrial output is increasing, with a 2024 forecast showing a 37.3% contribution to the total industrial output, up 1.4 percentage points from the previous year [4]. Group 2: Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment in Taiyuan is expected to grow by 0.5% in 2024, with 136 ongoing projects valued over CNY 1 billion, representing 35.9% of total investment [6]. - Industrial investment is projected to account for 27.7% of total investment, with a significant increase of 24.7% year-on-year [6]. Group 3: Industrial Structure - Taiyuan is constructing a modern industrial system centered around the "1233" key industrial chain system, which includes nine major industrial chains contributing approximately 70% of the city's industrial output [10][31]. - The "1233" system focuses on high-end metal materials, advanced carbon-based materials, and advanced biological materials, among others, with 118 key enterprises involved [10][31]. Group 4: Innovation and R&D - In 2023, Taiyuan's R&D expenditure reached CNY 12.79 billion, ranking first in Shanxi Province, indicating a strong focus on innovation [8]. - The city is implementing four major projects to enhance innovation capabilities, including optimizing the innovation ecosystem and promoting the transformation of innovative results [8]. Group 5: Key Industries - The high-end metal materials industry is a pillar of Taiyuan's economy, with significant products including special steel and new magnesium alloys, generating CNY 118.3 billion in revenue in 2023 [19][20]. - The carbon-based materials industry is leveraging local coal resources and advanced research capabilities, with a focus on both traditional and cutting-edge carbon materials [25][27]. - The advanced biological materials and biopharmaceutical industry is developing rapidly, focusing on bio-based new materials and recombinant human collagen protein [29]. Group 6: Policy Framework - Taiyuan has introduced several policies to support high-quality development, including plans for digital transformation and the establishment of advanced manufacturing bases [16][18]. - The city aims to achieve significant results in industrial high-quality development by 2025, enhancing its competitive advantages [16].