证券研究报告 固收定期报告 hyzqdatemark 2025 年 11 月 24 日 证券分析师 廖志明 SAC：S1350524100002 liaozhiming@huayuanstock.com 赵孟田 SAC：S1350525070004 zhaomengtian@huayuanstock.com 信用利差低位小幅震荡 ——信用分析周报（2025/11/17-2025/11/21） 投资要点： 本周（11/17-11/21）信用热点事件：（1）九台农商行二级资本债持续出现低价成 交；（2）上交所对 3 家债券发行人予以书面警示；（3）中国人民银行北京市分行 发文支持科创企业通过债券市场募集资金。 本周市场概览： 联系人 1）一级市场：本周传统信用债发行量、净融资额环比上周均有所增加，偿还量环比 上周有所减少；资产支持证券净融资额环比上周减少 184 亿元。本周 AA 城投债、 产业债发行利率较上周有较大幅度下行，落在 2.6-2.8%区间内；其余不同评级不同 券种的发行利率在 1.9-2.4%区间内。 2）二级市场：本周信用债成交量环比上周增加 341 亿元；换手率方面，本周信用债 换手率较上周涨跌 ...

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Group 1 - The article emphasizes that talent is the primary resource for enterprise development, and investments in employees can create more value for companies while being tax-deductible [2][3]. - The "Three Labor" expenses for corporate income tax include employee welfare expenses, union expenses, and employee education expenses [2][3]. - Employee welfare expenses are deductible up to 14% of the total salary and wages, while any excess is not deductible [2][3]. - Union expenses are deductible up to 2% of the total salary and wages, with any excess not deductible [3]. - Employee education expenses can be fully deducted for software production companies, and any unallocated training expenses can be carried forward to future tax years [4][5]. Group 2 - For integrated circuit design companies and qualifying software companies, employee training expenses must be accounted for separately and can be deducted based on actual expenses, with excess amounts carried forward [5]. - Reasonable salary and wages must comply with established company policies and industry standards, and should not be aimed at tax evasion [7]. - The total salary and wages for deduction purposes exclude employee welfare expenses, education expenses, union expenses, and various social insurance contributions [7]. - State-owned enterprises have salary limits set by government departments, and any excess cannot be included in the total salary for tax deduction [7]. Group 3 - The article cites relevant policies and regulations, including the Corporate Income Tax Law Implementation Regulations and notices from the State Administration of Taxation regarding salary and welfare expense deductions [8].

Core Viewpoint - The implementation plan aims to enhance financial support for consumption in Beijing, focusing on various sectors to stimulate economic growth and establish a diversified consumer finance service system by 2030 [1][5][6]. Financial Support for Consumption - The plan emphasizes increasing credit support for consumer goods, particularly in the automotive sector, by optimizing loan terms and reducing penalties for early loan settlements [2][7]. - Financial institutions are encouraged to innovate products for various purchasing scenarios, including new and used cars, and to support green home appliances and electronics [2][8]. - The plan also promotes equity financing for quality enterprises in the consumption industry through public listings and private equity investments [2][12]. Key Areas of Focus - The plan outlines specific areas for financial support, including: - Enhancing cultural and sports consumption by leveraging Beijing's cultural resources and promoting events [8][9]. - Supporting the hospitality and dining sectors through innovative financial products and promotional activities [9][10]. - Encouraging the development of domestic services such as housekeeping and elder care by providing tailored financial services [10][11]. Infrastructure and Market Development - Financial institutions are urged to engage in infrastructure projects that support consumption, optimizing loan conditions based on borrower profiles [10][12]. - The plan aims to improve employment and income for residents by supporting small and micro enterprises with favorable loan policies [11][12]. Policy Coordination and Implementation - The plan stresses the importance of policy coordination among various government departments to enhance the effectiveness of financial support for consumption [14][18]. - It also highlights the need for financial institutions to develop specific implementation plans to align with the overall objectives of boosting consumption in Beijing [18][34].

·外交部发言人毛宁11月18日表示，中日关系出现目前局面，根源在于日本首相高市早苗公然发表涉台 错误言论，粗暴干涉中国内政。日方必须立即收回错误言论，深刻反省，改弦更张，给中国人民一个明 确的交代。 【重点关注】 ·国家发展改革委：渝黔等5项电力互济工程获核准总投资达244亿元 ·北京：加大对汽车特别是新能源汽车消费的金融支持力度 ·外交部：日方必须立即收回错误言论，给中国人民一个明确的交代 ·日本新米交易价格再创新高每60公斤糙米比9月上涨163日元 【国内要闻】 ·记者11月18日从国家邮政局获悉，前10个月，我国邮政行业寄递业务量累计完成1772.5亿件，同比增长 14%。其中，快递业务量累计完成1626.8亿件，同比增长16.1%。 ·中国工商银行土耳其人民币清算行11月17日在伊斯坦布尔举行开业仪式，标志着土耳其人民币清算行 业务正式启动。此举将助力双边经贸与金融协作升级，促进两国贸易投资便利化。 ·外交部亚洲司司长刘劲松18日上午在北京同日本外务省亚洲大洋洲局局长金井正彰举行磋商。外交部 发言人毛宁在当日例行记者会上介绍有关情况。毛宁表示，在磋商中，中方就日本首相高市早苗涉华错 误言论再次向日方提 ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China and 12 other departments have issued a plan to enhance and expand consumption in Beijing through financial support measures, focusing on bond market financing and consumer credit expansion [1] Group 1: Financial Support Measures - The plan emphasizes increasing financing support in the bond market for eligible enterprises in cultural, tourism, and education sectors [1] - It encourages qualified technology innovation enterprises to raise funds through the bond market to enhance the quality of smart elderly care and smart medical products [1] - Financial debt issuance is supported for eligible consumer finance companies, auto finance companies, and financial leasing companies to broaden funding sources and expand consumer credit [1] Group 2: Consumer Credit Expansion - The initiative promotes the securitization of retail loans, including personal auto loans, consumer loans, and credit card loans, to increase the supply capacity of consumer credit [1] - The goal is to activate existing credit stock and enhance the overall consumer credit environment [1]

Core Insights - The People's Bank of China released the monetary policy execution report for Q3 2025, highlighting a significant increase in bond issuance [1] Bond Market Overview - A total of 68.0 trillion yuan in various bonds was issued in the first three quarters, representing a year-on-year growth of 13.9%, with an increase of 8.3 trillion yuan compared to the same period last year, primarily driven by the rise in government bonds, local government bonds, and financial bonds [1] - As of the end of September, the total balance of various bonds in the domestic market reached 193.3 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 13.7% [1] Trading Activity - The total trading volume of bonds in the market for the first three quarters was 323.0 trillion yuan, showing a year-on-year growth of 0.4% [1] - Within this, the interbank bond market recorded a trading volume of 290.9 trillion yuan, which is a slight decline of 0.1% year-on-year, while the exchange bond market saw a trading volume of 32.1 trillion yuan, marking a year-on-year increase of 5.2% [1]

宏观动态 商务部新闻发言人就安世半导体问题答记者问：中方同意荷经济部派员来华磋商的请求 有记者问：近日，荷兰经济大臣卡雷曼斯在个人社交媒体账户发布关于安世半导体问题的声明，请问商 务部对此有何评论？答：中方注意到荷兰经济大臣卡雷曼斯于11月6日发表的声明，但截至目前尚未见 到荷方在停止侵害中国企业合法权益和恢复全球半导体供应链稳定方面的实际行动。中方本着对全球半 导体供应链稳定与安全的负责任态度，已于11月1日宣布对符合条件的相关出口予以豁免，而造成当前 全球半导体供应链混乱的源头和责任在荷方。中方希望，荷方表态不能只停留在口头上，应尽快实质性 提出建设性方案并采取实际行动，从源头上迅速且有效恢复全球半导体供应链稳定，以及停止用行政手 段介入并干涉企业内部事务，推动安世半导体问题早日解决。中方同意荷经济部派员来华磋商的请求。 国家广电总局：启动不良动画微短剧和动画短视频专项治理 据智通财经，记者从权威渠道获悉，国家广电总局已下发专项治理工作提示，自即日起至2026年3月， 在全国范围内开展不良动画微短剧和动画短视频网络传播专项治理。此次治理首次将AIGC类、漫画 类、表情包类等动画形式微短剧纳入分类分层审核体 ...

Macro Dynamics - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce has responded to the Netherlands' Economic Minister's statement regarding ASML, emphasizing the need for substantive actions to restore global semiconductor supply chain stability [2] - The Chinese government has agreed to the Netherlands' request for discussions in China [2] Regulatory Actions - The National Radio and Television Administration of China has initiated a special governance project to address inappropriate animation micro-dramas and short videos, including AIGC, comics, and emoji-based content, to create a safer online environment for minors [3] Electric Vehicle Regulations - The National Certification and Accreditation Administration of China has announced strict management of electric bicycle certification, with all existing certifications based on outdated standards to be revoked by December 1, 2025 [5] Economic Relations - Canadian Prime Minister Carney stated that the historically close economic relationship between Canada and the U.S. has ended, calling for a rapid and thorough change in Canada's economic strategy [6] Financial Institutions - Industrial and Commercial Bank of China plans to issue financial bonds with a maximum scale of 488 billion RMB or equivalent foreign currency for the year 2026 [7] Market Data - U.S. stock markets ended mixed, with the Nasdaq down 0.21% and the S&P 500 up 0.13%, marking the end of a three-week rising streak [8] Company Dynamics - Meta's internal documents revealed that approximately 10% of its projected annual revenue for 2024, around 11.4 billion RMB, may come from fraudulent advertisements, with the platform displaying 15 billion high-risk ads daily [10] - American Airlines and United Airlines announced significant flight cancellations due to a 4% reduction mandate from the FAA [11] - China Aluminum responded to recent executive changes, stating they are normal personnel adjustments [12] - Pfizer has agreed to acquire Metsera for $10 billion, concluding a bidding war with Novo Nordisk [13] - Honor plans to launch a Robot Phone that integrates AI and high-definition imaging technology next year [14]

Group 1 - The core point of the announcement is that the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) will hold its second extraordinary general meeting of shareholders for 2025 on November 28 [1] - For the first half of 2025, the group reported a net profit of 168.803 billion yuan and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 168.103 billion yuan [1] - The bank plans to distribute a cash dividend of 1.414 yuan per 10 shares (including tax), totaling 50.396 billion yuan, which accounts for 30.0% of the net profit attributable to shareholders [1] Group 2 - The A-shares and H-shares registration date for dividends is set for December 12, with the A-share dividend payment date on December 15 and the H-share payment date on January 26, 2026 [1] - For the year 2026, the group intends to issue financial bonds (excluding redeemable financial bonds) not exceeding 488 billion yuan, with an authorization period from January 1, 2026, to December 31, 2026 [1]