Core Insights - Ningxia's electricity export volume reached a record high of 46.632 billion kilowatt-hours in the first half of the year, a year-on-year increase of 6.8%, with renewable energy accounting for 28% of the total [1] - The three major electricity export channels in Ningxia, namely Yindong DC, Lingshao DC, and Zhongheng DC, have been operating at high loads to ensure reliable power supply to East, North, and Central China [1][2] - Since the launch of the first electricity export channel in 2011, Ningxia has cumulatively exported over 833.8 billion kilowatt-hours, significantly contributing to carbon emission reductions and energy structure optimization [2] Electricity Export Performance - Ningxia's electricity export volume for the first half of the year was 46.632 billion kilowatt-hours, with a 6.8% increase compared to the previous year [1] - Renewable energy accounted for 28% of the total electricity exported [1] - The Yindong DC operated at full load for over 86 hours, delivering 1.737 billion kilowatt-hours to Shandong, while Lingshao DC operated at 95% capacity for 17.5 hours, supplying 3.3 billion kilowatt-hours to Zhejiang [1] Environmental Impact - The cumulative electricity export since 2011 is equivalent to the conversion of 330 million tons of standard coal, resulting in a reduction of 831.3 million tons of CO2, 22.679 million tons of particulate matter, and 12.507 million tons of nitrogen oxides [2] - This reduction has significantly decreased fossil energy consumption and carbon emissions in recipient areas, contributing to national energy transition and carbon neutrality goals [2] Operational Efficiency - The company focuses on enhancing the energy utilization rate of DC channels and has established a comprehensive operational maintenance and cross-regional power supply system [2] - A "four-in-one" operational maintenance guarantee system has been developed, incorporating daily inspections, special inspections, and professional inspections [2] - The company employs a combination of manual inspections, video remote monitoring, and drone inspections to ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of the three major DC projects [2]

2024年以来，以温州誉泰进出口有限公司为代表的温州新能源汽车出口企业，积极抢抓国际市场机 遇，充分利用政策优势，深化共建"一带一路"合作等有利条件，使新能源汽车出口成为温州外贸出口的 强势增长点。 从出口数据来看，今年前5个月，温州市新能源汽车出口8.8亿元，同比增长82.2%，其中在中东、 欧洲和非洲市场表现亮眼，增幅分别为1.5倍、2.4倍和3.8倍。此外，温州企业还积极开拓拉美市场，首 次向巴西出口新能源汽车。 王诗瑶 王毓婕 钱雨农 科技日报记者 陈瑜 "我们的新能源汽车出口目的国主要是吉尔吉斯斯坦、阿联酋等。今年，我们明显感觉到国产汽车 品牌的海外知名度和认可度在提升，这对我们出口商来说是一大利好。"近日，温州誉泰进出口有限公 司总经理林孝丰表示。 在全球绿色能源转型加速的背景下，国产新能源汽车在海外持续热销，为浙江外贸增长注入新动 能。杭州海关最新统计显示，今年前5个月，浙江省电动汽车出口163.2亿元，同比增长86%，其中对欧 盟、中东、东盟和拉美出口分别增长1.5倍、0.98倍、3.9倍和1.4倍，展现出强劲的发展态势。 然而，国内出口商仍面临着行业内竞争激烈、车辆交付时效有待提升、售后维修 ...

Group 1 - The "Lithium Green Action" research team from Jiangxi University of Science and Technology has successfully developed a short-process green recycling technology for waste lithium batteries, addressing the challenge of efficient lithium resource recycling [1] - The new technology has been applied in multiple enterprises in Jiangxi, processing a total of 17,000 tons of waste batteries and generating an additional output value of over 170 million yuan [1] - Traditional lithium battery recycling faces three main challenges: high reagent consumption in hydrometallurgical processes, lithium loss during pyrometallurgical smelting, and complex combined process flows [1] Group 2 - The team introduced the "waste-to-waste synergy" concept to tackle the high costs and low selectivity of lithium extraction in traditional hydrometallurgical processes [1] - They pioneered flue gas resource utilization technology, achieving a lithium extraction selectivity rate exceeding 97% and reducing lithium extraction costs by approximately 20% compared to traditional methods [1] - The team developed a "layered roasting technique" to efficiently destroy the stable structure of lithium cobalt oxide batteries, resulting in a 66.71% reduction in water leaching residue, thereby lowering the recovery difficulty and costs for valuable metals like cobalt and nickel [1] Group 3 - In processing lithium iron phosphate batteries and sulfur-containing waste, the team innovatively combined waste lead-acid battery recovery with waste lithium iron phosphate battery co-smelting, achieving lithium recovery rates of 96% and lead recovery rates of 98% [2] - The co-smelting process also effectively fixed sulfur generated during melting, achieving a sulfur fixation rate of 99% [2] - Collaborations with companies like Jiangxi Tianqi Jintai Ge Co., Ltd. have resulted in an additional output value of over 40 million yuan within two years [2] Group 4 - The team has applied for seven national invention patents in the battery recycling field, with two patents granted and one international patent applied for [2] - The commitment to "rejuvenate every retired battery" reflects the potential of this technology to inject new momentum into Jiangxi's lithium battery recycling industry [2]

Core Viewpoint - The United Nations' negotiations for a legally binding agreement on plastic pollution have commenced, highlighting the urgent need for international cooperation to address this growing crisis [1][2] Group 1: Health Impact of Plastic Pollution - A report published by The Lancet indicates that plastic pollution poses a significant and underappreciated threat to human health, resulting in economic losses related to health of at least $1.5 trillion annually [1] - The report emphasizes that plastic pollution affects all stages of human life, from newborns to the elderly, and is linked to diseases and even death [1] - Microplastics have infiltrated natural ecosystems and human tissues, with scientists confirming their potential health hazards, although comprehensive health impacts require further research [1] Group 2: Plastic Production and Recycling - Global plastic production has increased exponentially, rising from 2 million tons in 1950 to 475 million tons in 2022, with projections indicating a doubling by 2060 [1] - Current plastic recycling rates are alarmingly low, at less than 10% [1] Group 3: Interconnection with Climate Crisis - The plastic crisis is closely linked to the climate crisis, as the plastic industry, reliant on fossil fuels, contributes to both environmental and health challenges [1] - As global warming and plastic production continue to rise, associated health risks are expected to increase geometrically [1]

Group 1: Technological Innovations - The Beijing Huairou Science City has developed the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), which emits light 10 trillion times brighter than the sun, enabling detailed analysis of molecular structures and contributing to original innovations [1][2] - The EAST nuclear fusion experiment in Hefei achieved a world record of 100 million degrees Celsius for 1000 seconds, marking a significant step towards fusion power generation [2] - Shenzhen's agricultural drones utilize proprietary rotor drive technology and have secured over 600 patents, with the low-altitude economy in Guangdong exceeding 100 billion yuan [4] Group 2: Industry and Economic Impact - The integration of technology and industry is creating a new engine for high-quality development, with the approval of a low-calorie sweetener, alulose, showcasing rapid market transformation of new technologies [5][6] - The automotive industry in Anhui has become a leader in production, with both traditional and new energy vehicles ranking first in the country as of May 2023 [4] - The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region's collaboration in the automotive supply chain has led to a 154% year-on-year increase in new energy vehicle production [7] Group 3: Talent and Innovation Ecosystem - The Huairou Science City attracts top global talent, fostering an environment conducive to innovation and collaboration among researchers [3] - The establishment of the XbotPark robotics base in Dongguan exemplifies the successful collaboration between Hong Kong and mainland scientists, creating a robust innovation ecosystem for robotics [8] Group 4: Regional Collaboration - The Greater Bay Area has developed a "technology innovation corridor," facilitating efficient resource flow and collaboration among various regions [8] - The integration of innovation resources across regions is essential for enhancing productivity and achieving breakthroughs in technology and industry [7][9]

为确保材料与生物体的兼容性，研究团队选用经光敏分子修饰的名为PEDOT:PSS的导电聚合物。这种 特殊塑料既具有优异的导电性，同时兼具柔韧性和生物相容性，完美契合电子设备与生物组织的接合需 求，且能在人体正常温度下稳定工作。 研究团队表示，这项技术有望为年龄相关性黄斑变性等视网膜疾病提供全新治疗方案。目前团队已通过 体外实验验证了材料与神经组织的相容性，测试结果令人满意。不过，在正式投入医疗应用前，仍需进 行更全面的生物安全性评估。（记者刘霞） 德国于利希研究中心与亚琛工业大学等机构组成的跨学科团队，研制出一款创新型有机光电化学晶体管 （OPECT）。这种微型装置不仅能将光信号转化为电信号，还可模拟大脑神经细胞的运作机制，未来 或将成为高灵敏度光学传感器及脑机接口的核心组件。研究成果发表于最新一期《先进科学》杂志。 人脑通过神经细胞间的信号传递实现认知功能，这些细胞会随着学习与记忆过程不断自我调节。科学家 试图在电子设备中复现这种特性，由此催生了"神经形态电子学"这一前沿领域。而开发具有类脑"学 习"能力的材料，正是推动该领域发展的关键。 最新进展在这一领域迈出了重要一步，其创新性主要体现在新材料的性能可被精 ...

团队进一步分析了ADSL基因的非编码区域，发现一组几乎存在于所有现代人类（97%）的遗传变异， 这些变异通过降低ADSL RNA表达，进一步抑制酶活性。统计测试显示，这些变化在现代人类离开非洲 前经历了自然选择，表明存在持续的进化压力驱动ADSL活性下调。而这种降低酶活性对人类生存具有 重要意义。 该研究为理解人类进化提供了关键线索，但研究团队强调仍需谨慎解读。论文总结道："ADSL是少数 受现代人类祖先特有进化变化影响的酶之一。我们正在逐步揭示这些变化如何共同塑造了过去50万年的 人类代谢进化。未来，我们将探索这些基因突变的组合效应，以更全面地解读人类为何成为今天的模 样。"（记者张梦然） 日本冲绳科学技术研究所（OIST）与德国马克斯·普朗克进化人类学研究所团队在最新一期《美国国家 科学院院刊》发表的研究揭示，50万年前现代人类大脑中基因发生的两个重要变化，重塑了人类的行为 模式与认知能力，成为人类进化成功的关键。新发现不仅为人类学研究开辟了新方向，也为探索行为与 认知的生物学基础提供了重要窗口。 研究显示，现代人类大脑中腺苷酸解酶（ADSL）的稳定性与遗传表达变化，产生了一场细微却深远的 生物化学变革。 ...

当前，我国正处于"七下八上"防汛关键期，暴雨、洪涝和地质灾害易发多发。8月5日，在国家防灾减灾 救灾委员会办公室、应急管理部举行的新闻发布会上，应急管理部自然灾害防治研究院科技委员会主任 刘传正表示，目前我国通过"天、空、地、人"4种手段，实现对汛期地质灾害的有效监测。 汛期地质灾害主要有4种，包括崩塌、滑坡、泥石流和地面塌陷。刘传正介绍，这4种灾害类型主要是由 强降雨引发的。如果某个地区发生过地震，破坏了山体，再经过强降雨，有可能更容易发生大规模崩 塌、滑坡和塌陷。此外，如果某个地方有工程活动，再结合降雨的叠加作用，也更容易出现上述几种类 型的灾害。 "关于地质灾害的监测手段，简单可以概括为'天、空、地、人'4种手段。"刘传正说。 "天"是卫星遥感。"如果你到山区旅游，关心自己所处区域的安全，就可以搜索手机卫星地图，看看地 图上有没有黄色、白色、灰白色等图斑，图斑是否和周围有明显不一样。"刘传正提醒公众，如果某地 周围都是绿色的植被或树木，单单那一块是白色的，那么那里可能正在发生变形或是掉石头。 地质灾害监测需要"天、空、地"3种"技防"手段，也需要"人防"。"人"就是属地百姓和游客。刘传正提 醒，在野外游 ...

谈及后续如何让好政策更多惠及创新主体和科研人员时，科技部二司有关负责人表示，科技部将全面贯 彻落实党的二十届三中全会和全国科技大会精神，密切跟踪科技发展趋势，持续加强科技政策措施统筹 和落地见效，进一步营造有利于创新的制度环境。 "我们将锚定科技强国目标，深化科技体制改革，统筹推进科技政策'立改废'，加强各方面政策与科技 创新一致性的审查把关，促进科技政策与财政、教育、人才、产业、金融等相关政策的衔接协同、功能 互补，推动科技政策补短板、疏堵点、成体系，形成促进科技创新的合力。"这位负责人说，同时，要 强化科技政策宣贯落实，为创新主体了解政策、享受政策提供更加精准细致的指导，推动政策红利精准 高效直达各类创新主体。 记者了解到，后续，科技部还将加强对科技政策执行情况的常态化监测评估，查找政策堵点、空白点以 及实施中的问题，完善政策"评估—反馈—调整"链条；引导支持地方和部门开展科技政策试点，建立地 方和部门先行先试政策总结评估机制，对实施成效好、适宜复制的试点政策及时推广，适时推动固化为 法律法规。（记者刘垠） 8月5日，科技部网站公布科学技术部令第23号《科技部关于废止部分规章的决定》以及《科技部关于宣 布 ...

Group 1 - The "Green Shield" initiative has been implemented for eight consecutive years to address ecological and environmental issues, significantly enhancing the protection of important ecological spaces such as natural reserves and ecological protection red lines [1] - In 2024, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will incorporate ecological protection red lines into the "Green Shield" initiative, conducting on-site inspections of 452 problem points across 50 natural reserves and 14 urban ecological protection red lines [1] - The initiative has played a crucial role in regulating natural ecological spaces and has become a standardized practice in ecological supervision [3] Group 2 - Technology has significantly improved the collection of major ecological damage event clues and enhanced ecological environment supervision capabilities, utilizing multi-source satellite remote sensing data and AI for monitoring [2] - A leadership group and expert database have been established to investigate and determine major ecological damage events, with ongoing improvements to the collection mechanism for public opinion clues [2] - By the end of 2024, key issues such as illegal mining and tourism development in national nature reserves are expected to be dynamically cleared, with ongoing remediation efforts in other ecological protection areas [2]