Core Viewpoint - The "Action Plan for Promoting the Full-Chain Development of High-End Medical Device Industry in Shanghai" aims to enhance the high-quality development of the high-end medical device industry in Shanghai, establishing it as a globally influential hub in this sector [1] Group 1: Industry Development Goals - The medical device industry in Shanghai has rapidly developed, with a manufacturing output value of 55.51 billion yuan, accounting for nearly 30% of the total output value of the biopharmaceutical sector [1] - By 2027, the plan targets the approval of over 500 new domestic Class III medical device registrations and over 100 medical device products approved in overseas markets [1] - The plan aims to cultivate two leading enterprises with an annual output value exceeding 10 billion yuan and establish three high-end medical device industry clusters [1] Group 2: Key Tasks and Innovations - The plan outlines 20 key tasks focusing on innovation sources, clinical empowerment, review and approval processes, application in hospitals, enterprise cultivation, industrial ecology, and international development [1][2] - It emphasizes enhancing innovation capabilities through strengthening basic research, advancing key materials and core production processes, and promoting the application of artificial intelligence technologies [1] Group 3: Clinical Research and Approval Optimization - The plan encourages medical institutions to undertake clinical trials for high-end medical devices, aiming to compress the overall ethics review process to within three weeks [2] - It seeks to shorten the internal time for initiating clinical trials to within 25 weeks [2] - The plan supports collaboration between regulatory bodies and research institutions to develop regulatory science research and revise product registration guidelines [2] Group 4: Enterprise Cultivation and Ecosystem Building - The plan supports the cultivation of leading enterprises through mergers and acquisitions and encourages foreign companies to establish regional headquarters and R&D centers in Shanghai [3] - It promotes a "product + service" model and the development of comprehensive solutions that include equipment, consumables, services, and training [3] - The plan aims to create three high-end medical device industry clusters in specific districts, enhancing the innovation ecosystem and financial support for the industry [3] Group 5: International Development - The plan proposes measures to facilitate import and export processes, including the implementation of Chinese labeling for imported medical devices [4] - It aims to expand the categories and scope of bonded maintenance services for high-tech, high-value-added products [4] - The plan emphasizes deepening international cooperation and providing comprehensive services for enterprises looking to expand globally [4]

Group 1 - The core finding of the study indicates that the gene therapy AMT-130 has successfully slowed disease progression in early-stage Huntington's disease patients by approximately 75% over three years compared to the control group, marking a significant advancement in treatment options [1][2] - AMT-130 utilizes a harmless virus to deliver a microRNA sequence to the affected areas of the brain, effectively "turning off" the defective gene responsible for abnormal protein production [1] - The therapy targets the two brain regions most affected by Huntington's disease, requiring precise injection guided by real-time brain scans, with the entire procedure taking 12 to 18 hours [1] Group 2 - The company plans to submit an application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) early next year, with the potential for the drug to be available on the market by 2027 if approved [3] - Initial results show that the therapy is generally safe, with common side effects including headaches and confusion, which are mostly self-resolving or manageable with steroids [2]

Core Viewpoint - Guangzhou Da'an Gene Co., Ltd. has developed the first nucleic acid test kit for Chikungunya virus in China, which has recently received approval from the National Medical Products Administration, marking a significant advancement in rapid disease identification and control [1] Group 1: Product Development and Approval - The Chikungunya virus nucleic acid test kit is designed for qualitative detection of the virus in serum samples from suspected cases [1] - The approval process for the test kit took less than one month, showcasing the efficiency of the regulatory framework in Guangzhou [1] Group 2: Regulatory Support and Efficiency - The Huangpu District Market Supervision Administration facilitated the rapid approval by coordinating with the Guangdong Provincial Medical Device Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute to include the test kit in an emergency inspection channel, completing all testing within a week [1] - Enhanced communication with higher-level regulatory bodies was established to streamline the product review and approval process [1]

Core Viewpoint - Zhijiang Laboratory, established in September 2017, is a non-profit research institution in Zhejiang Province aimed at fostering innovation and serving as a model for national strategic development in technology [1] Group 1: Institutional Overview - Zhijiang Laboratory focuses on intelligent computing, addressing three strategic needs: national strategic frontiers, technological innovation transformation, and strategic industry innovation [1] - The laboratory is committed to building a world-class technology innovation base and a practical model for a new national system in Zhejiang [1] Group 2: Research Initiatives - Key research tasks include the "Three-body Computing Constellation" and the 021 LSM large scientific model [1] - The laboratory actively promotes open science initiatives, creating open innovation infrastructure such as zero2x, and developing global scientific public products like GeoGPT for geosciences and OneAstronomy for astronomy [1] Group 3: Collaborative Innovation - The laboratory employs an open innovation mechanism characterized by "consultation, co-construction, sharing, and common development" to enhance the development of artificial intelligence [1] - The goal is to establish a high ground for AI innovation, ensuring that AI achievements benefit the global community [1]

据最新一期《先进材料》杂志报道，瑞典查尔姆斯理工大学研究人员在开发新型层状磁性材料方面取得 突破。他们研发出一种原子级厚度的二维材料，能够使铁磁性和反铁磁性在材料结构中共存，从而将存 储器的能耗降低至原来的约十分之一。这一发现可能为人工智能、移动技术和高级数据处理带来新一代 超高效、可靠存储方案。 随着数字数据量呈指数增长，未来几十年内，数据存储、处理和传输或将占全球能源消耗的近30%。这 一趋势迫使科研人员寻找更加节能的存储技术，同时探索全新的技术可能性。磁性在数字存储技术发展 中已成为关键因素。利用磁性材料中电子在外部磁场和电流作用下的行为，人们可以设计更快、更小且 更节能的存储芯片。 通常存在两种基本磁性状态，即铁磁性和反铁磁性。将这两种相反磁性结合，既具有科学研究价值，也 能为计算机存储和传感器提供技术优势。然而，在此前的存储器材料中，这种共存只能通过堆叠不同铁 磁和反铁磁材料的多层结构实现。 此次研究的突破在于，将铁磁性和反铁磁性整合到单一的二维晶体结构中，实现了电子方向切换的倾斜 磁性。这种设计使电子能够快速、轻松地切换方向，无需外部磁场，从而将存储器能耗降低至约原来的 十分之一。 这种材料由钴、 ...

英国格拉斯哥大学科学家借助人工智能技术，构建了迄今最全面的人与动物病毒蛋白结构预测数据库 ——Viro3D。相关研究成果已发表于最新一期《分子系统生物学》杂志。 尽管AI技术的不断进步催生了如"阿尔法折叠"等通用蛋白结构数据库，但病毒蛋白结构预测工作仍相对 滞后，仅有少量数据被收录。目前，科学家对病毒关键蛋白结构的解析仍依赖耗时费力的实验方法，这 严重制约了快速研发疫苗和药物的能力。 为加速这一进程，研究团队构建了涵盖数千种人与动物病毒蛋白的新型数据库。Viro3D收录了来自4000 多种人与动物病毒的8.5万种蛋白的高质量结构模型，是目前规模最大的人与动物病毒完整结构数据 库，将现有相关领域知识扩展了30倍。 团队预计，Viro3D将开启病毒研究新纪元，加快针对肝炎、艾滋病、新冠肺炎等现有流行病毒，及新发 传染病病毒的对抗药物与相关疫苗的研发进程。团队表示，这一智能数据库将免费开放，为科学家提供 全新视角，帮助他们快速解析病毒的起源与演化路径，从而加速药物与疫苗的研发进程。 （文章来源：科技日报） ...

（文章来源：科技日报） 美国弗吉尼亚大学工程与应用科学学院研究团队从自然界水黾等水生昆虫身上获得灵感，利用新型薄 膜，研制出两款能在"水上漂"的机器人原型装置。研究成果发表于新一期《科学进展》杂志。 新研制的两款装置各具特色：一款名为"HydroFlexor"，能通过模拟鱼类的鳍状运动实现推进；另一款 名为"HydroBuckler"，可仿效水黾的划行动作，以独特的弯曲姿态在水面"漫步"。 要让机器人实现水面漂浮与运动，必须配备超薄的柔性特种薄膜。传统制作工艺需在玻璃等刚性基底上 加工薄膜，再转移至水面，此过程极易导致薄膜破损。而新技术实现了在液面上直接制造薄膜——团队 先将液态聚合物油墨滴注于水面，待其自然扩散形成超薄无缝膜层，再通过激光切割技术，直接在水面 塑造出机器人的肢体与躯干轮廓。 这些特殊薄膜采用双层复合结构，当受到外部红外线照射时，因两层材料热膨胀率差异会产生弯曲形 变，从而将热能转化为驱动力。 这一技术不仅规避了柔性材料制造中棘手的转移破损难题，更打通了从薄膜制备到结构成型的全流程， 为在液态环境中直接构建功能型柔性器件开辟了新途径。而且，这项突破性技术兼具广泛适用性与可扩 展性：既能适配多种 ...

日本东京科学大学团队在量子纠错技术方面取得重要突破：开发出一种高效且可扩展的量子低密度奇偶 校验（LDPC）纠错码，在包含数十万个逻辑量子比特的系统中仍保持极高的稳定性，性能接近理论界 限。这一成果为实现大规模容错量子计算提供了关键技术支撑，有望推动量子计算机在量子化学、密码 分析和复杂优化等领域的实际应用。 目前，量子计算机已能操控数十个量子比特，但要解决具有现实意义的问题，往往需要数百万甚至更多 稳定可靠的逻辑量子比特。由于量子态极为脆弱，易受到环境干扰而产生错误，且错误会随系统规模扩 大而迅速累积，因此必须依赖高效的纠错机制来维持计算的准确性。然而，现有的量子纠错方法普遍存 在资源消耗大、效率低的问题，通常需用大量物理量子比特编码出少量逻辑量子比特，严重制约了系统 的扩展能力。 更深层次的挑战在于，许多现有纠错码存在编码率低、性能提升空间有限等问题。此外，在高精度运行 区域常出现性能停滞，与理论上可达到的最佳纠错极限——即哈希界限，仍有较大差距。同时，多数方 案在完成主解码后还需进行复杂的后续处理，进一步增加了运算负担。 （文章来源：科技日报） 此次团队成功克服了这些难题。他们提出了一种新的构造方法，首 ...

Core Insights - In 2024, China's total research and development (R&D) expenditure reached 36,326.8 billion yuan, marking an increase of 2,969.7 billion yuan or 8.9% from the previous year [1] - The R&D expenditure intensity, measured as a percentage of GDP, rose to 2.69%, up by 0.11 percentage points year-on-year [1] - The average R&D funding per full-time researcher was 480,000 yuan, an increase of 19,000 yuan from the previous year [1] R&D Expenditure by Activity Type - Basic research funding amounted to 2,500.9 billion yuan, reflecting a growth of 10.7% [1] - Applied research funding reached 4,305.5 billion yuan, increasing by 17.6% [1] - Experimental development funding was 29,520.4 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 7.6% [1] - The proportion of basic research funding increased to 6.88%, up by 0.11 percentage points [1] R&D Expenditure by Entity - R&D funding from enterprises totaled 28,211.6 billion yuan, an increase of 8.8% [2] - Government research institutions contributed 4,231.6 billion yuan, growing by 9.7% [2] - Higher education institutions accounted for 3,065.5 billion yuan, with an increase of 11.3% [2] - The share of funding from enterprises, government research institutions, and higher education institutions was 77.7%, 11.6%, and 8.4%, respectively [2] R&D Expenditure by Industry - R&D expenditure in high-tech manufacturing industries reached 7,668.9 billion yuan, growing by 10.2% [2] - The R&D expenditure intensity in these industries was 3.35%, up by 0.24 percentage points [2] - Eight industry categories in large-scale industrial enterprises had R&D expenditures exceeding 100 billion yuan, accounting for 68.2% of total R&D spending in large-scale industrial enterprises [2] R&D Expenditure by Region - Six provinces (or municipalities) had R&D expenditures exceeding 200 billion yuan: Guangdong (5,099.6 billion yuan), Jiangsu (4,597.5 billion yuan), Beijing (3,278.4 billion yuan), Zhejiang (2,901.4 billion yuan), Shandong (2,597.3 billion yuan), and Shanghai (2,343.7 billion yuan) [3] - Seven provinces (or municipalities) had R&D expenditure intensity above the national average, with Beijing at 6.58% and Shanghai at 4.35% [3] National Fiscal Science and Technology Expenditure - National fiscal science and technology expenditure for 2024 was 12,629.2 billion yuan, an increase of 633.3 billion yuan or 5.3% from the previous year [3] - Central fiscal science and technology expenditure was 4,192.5 billion yuan, accounting for 33.2% of total national fiscal science and technology expenditure [3]

Core Insights - The launch of the fully automated container terminal at Shandong Port Rizhao marks a significant advancement in port automation technology, featuring the new generation of lightweight automated gantry cranes [1] - The new gantry cranes have reduced their main beam size from 3 meters to 2 meters, resulting in a weight reduction of 70 tons per unit, which translates to over 20% decrease in overall weight and more than 15% reduction in energy consumption [1][5] - The implementation of these cranes is expected to enhance operational efficiency and reduce costs, with a manufacturing cost saving of over 1 million yuan per unit and a lifecycle savings of 2 million yuan [5] Technological Advancements - The new gantry cranes utilize a composite structure design that combines a main beam with tension and compression rods, achieving a deflection ratio of 1/2400, ensuring strength while significantly reducing weight [5] - The equipment has achieved over 95% localization in its electrical control systems and key components, eliminating reliance on imported parts and significantly improving supply chain efficiency [9] - Innovations such as liquid cooling multi-drive technology and a lubrication-free system have been introduced, reducing operational energy consumption and maintenance costs by 40% [9] Operational Impact - The new cranes will increase the stacking capacity by over 7,000 TEUs, significantly enhancing the automation ratio of yard operations [9] - The company aims to integrate lightweight and intelligent technologies to optimize port operations, moving towards a more digital, intelligent, and green low-carbon "fifth-generation port" [9]