全面推进融合创新，前三季度营收净利润实现双增长 事件：公司发布 2025 三季报，25 年前三季度实现营业收入 2930 亿元，同 比增长 1.0%，归母净利润为 88 亿元，同比增长 5.2%。 公司报告 | 季报点评 中国联通（600050） 证券研究报告 我们的点评如下： 分业务来看： 联网通信稳中有进：联接规模持续拓展，移动用户达到 3.56 亿户，净增 1248 万户，固网宽带用户达到 1.29 亿户，净增 679 万户，宽移用户净增 规模创近年同期新高；物联网连接数突破 7 亿个。持续深化融合发展，填 充新业务元素，拓展用户规模价值，融合套餐用户 ARPU 保持百元以上。 算网数智提能升级：算力业务实现规模突破，前三季度联通云收入 529 亿 元。数据中心适智化改造成效明显，数据中心收入214 亿元，同比提升8.9%。 持续深化数智融合、数实融合，推动 5G、AI 与工业互联网深度结合，赋能 千行百业全面升级，5G 虚拟专网累计服务客户超过 2 万个。 网络投资提质增效 公司坚持高标准建设、高效率运营，全面深化共建共享、共维共优，实现 网络能力显著提升。推进移动网络从 5G 到 5G-A、宽带网络 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" (maintained) [1] Core Views - The report highlights that major overseas AI companies are continuously increasing capital expenditures, focusing on AI infrastructure development, with significant growth in cloud business performance [5][6][19] - The report emphasizes a strong outlook for the "optical, liquid cooling, and domestic computing power" sectors, recommending specific stocks within these areas [7][25] Summary by Sections 1. Overseas AI Financial Summary - Google raised its capital expenditure guidance for 2025 to $91-93 billion, with Q3 capital expenditure reaching $23.953 billion, a year-on-year increase of 83% [5][15] - Meta's Q3 revenue was $51.24 billion, exceeding expectations, with a projected annual expenditure of $70-72 billion for 2025 [16] - Microsoft's Q1 FY2026 revenue reached $77.67 billion, a year-on-year increase of 18%, with significant growth in its cloud segment [17][18] - Amazon's Q3 revenue was $180.2 billion, with AWS net sales of $33.006 billion, a 20% year-on-year increase [19][20] - Celestica's Q3 revenue was $3.19 billion, a 28% increase year-on-year, leading to an upward revision of its annual guidance [21] 2. Communication Data Tracking - As of August 2025, the total number of 5G base stations in China reached 4.646 million, with 5G mobile phone users totaling 1.154 billion, a year-on-year increase of 19.46% [34][12] - The report notes that 5G mobile phone shipments reached 19.992 million units in August 2025, accounting for 88.4% of total shipments, with a slight year-on-year increase of 1.2% [41] - The three major telecom operators showed strong growth in innovative business development, with significant revenue increases in their cloud services [45][50]

Core Insights - China Unicom's European subsidiary successfully held a promotional event in Amsterdam, marking a significant step in local operations in Europe with the receipt of a registration certificate from the Dutch government [1][3] - The event attracted over thirty representatives from Chinese enterprises in various sectors, discussing the integration of artificial intelligence and digital technology [1][3] Group 1: Company Achievements - The General Manager of China Unicom Europe highlighted the company's achievements in Europe, emphasizing its reliable communication and digital support for Chinese enterprises [3] - The company aims to become a "world-class technology service enterprise," focusing on technological innovation and building a collaborative digital ecosystem [3] Group 2: Product and Service Offerings - The General Manager of the Netherlands subsidiary detailed the company's business layout and product system, showcasing solutions in cross-border communication, cloud interconnection, and network security [3][4] - The product and solutions team demonstrated the security product system and the "Unicom Metaverse" model's industry applications, receiving high recognition from attendees [4] Group 3: Academic Collaboration and Innovation - A keynote speech on "AI-driven digital upgrade" was delivered, sharing international practices in AI compliance governance and data risk management, highlighting the synergy between technology iteration and regulatory development [3] - The event marked a key step in integrating top academic resources in Europe and promoting collaborative innovation between industry and academia [3] Group 4: Future Goals - The event is a milestone in China Unicom's European promotion series, strengthening ties with Chinese enterprises in the Netherlands and laying a solid foundation for future regional cooperation [4] - The company aims to build a "Digital Silk Road," assisting global clients in achieving digital transformation and international expansion [4]

Core Insights - The article highlights the establishment of various investment funds across different regions in China, focusing on strategic industries and innovation-driven sectors. Group 1: Fund Establishments - A central enterprise strategic emerging industry development fund was launched in Beijing with an initial scale of 510 billion RMB, involving major state-owned enterprises as contributors [2] - The Zhejiang Social Security Science and Technology Innovation Fund was established with an initial scale of 500 billion RMB, aimed at supporting key areas of technological innovation [3] - The first biomanufacturing industry fund in Shanghai was initiated, combining resources from industry leaders and venture capital to drive technological breakthroughs [4] Group 2: Regional Funds - Chengdu established a high-level talent innovation and entrepreneurship fund, focusing on early-stage investments to support talent and technology transfer [5][6] - Dongguan's Songshan Lake completed the registration of a 100 billion RMB mother fund to promote technological finance and regional industrial upgrades [7] - Wuhan launched its first concept verification fund group with an annual funding pool of 112.5 million RMB to support startup projects [8] Group 3: Sector-Specific Funds - The Hebei Xiong'an concept verification fund was set up with a focus on aerospace information and biotechnology, with an initial scale of 20 million RMB [9] - The Jilin Province Ice and Snow Economy Fund was established with a total scale of 500 million RMB, targeting the ice and snow tourism and technology sectors [11] - The Zhuhai Zuguang New Intelligence Fund was launched to support high-end intelligent manufacturing, marking a significant step in the region's industrial investment [12] Group 4: Investment Strategies - The Chengdu fund emphasizes market-oriented operations to facilitate talent and technology commercialization [6] - The Dongguan fund aims to create a comprehensive fund system covering the entire lifecycle of enterprises through collaboration with various investment institutions [7] - The Jiangsu Yangzhou Aerospace Industry Fund focuses on strategic emerging industries, leveraging a significant capital structure to enhance investment capabilities [14]

Core Insights - China Unicom's European subsidiary successfully held a promotional event in Amsterdam, marking a significant step in local operations in Europe with the receipt of a government registration certificate [1] - The event gathered over thirty representatives from Chinese enterprises in the Netherlands to discuss the integration and innovation of artificial intelligence and digital technology [1] Group 1 - The General Manager of China Unicom Europe, Xue Wenxia, highlighted the company's achievements in Europe, emphasizing its reliance on global resources and local service capabilities to support Chinese enterprises with reliable communication and digital solutions [2] - Xue Wenxia stated the company's goal to become a "world-class technology service enterprise," focusing on technological innovation to build an open, intelligent, and win-win digital ecosystem with partners [2] - The General Manager of China Unicom Netherlands, Sui Yuesheng, presented the company's business layout and product system in the Netherlands, showcasing comprehensive solutions in cross-border communication, cloud interconnection, and network security [2] Group 2 - During a seminar, Professor Huang Zhisheng from the Free University of Amsterdam discussed "AI-driven digital upgrades," sharing international practices on AI compliance governance and data risk management, emphasizing the need for technology iteration and regulatory system collaboration [2] - The seminar enriched attendees' understanding of AI application boundaries and marked a key step for China Unicom in integrating top academic resources in Europe to promote collaborative innovation between industry and academia [2] Group 3 - The product and solution center team demonstrated China Unicom's security product system and the industry application results of the "Unicom Metaverse" model, covering various scenarios such as network security, intelligent operation, and data insights [3] - The innovative technical pathways and solid practical cases received high recognition from the guests at the event [3]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of user operations in transforming casual users of Unicom data cards into loyal customers by enhancing their overall experience and emotional connection with the brand [3][4]. User Operations - User operations involve strategies and interactions that make users feel satisfied with their data card, encouraging long-term use and recommendations to others [3]. - The primary goal of user operations is not just to sell more cards but to reduce user churn, increase user activity, and enhance the lifetime value of users [4]. Trends in 2025 - The article outlines three major trends for Unicom data card operations in 2025: 1. Transitioning from a "price war" to a "service value war," where companies focus on improving service experiences rather than competing solely on price [9]. 2. Emphasizing "localization" and "scenario-based" operations to cater to specific user needs, such as those of students or gig workers [9]. 3. Utilizing digital tools and data-driven decision-making to anticipate user needs and provide proactive services [9]. Practical Strategies - Several actionable strategies are suggested to enhance user satisfaction and retention: - Create an exceptional onboarding experience for new users [7]. - Establish a transparent communication system to build trust [7]. - Develop a sense of community among users to increase brand loyalty [8]. - Implement effective wake-up and recall mechanisms for inactive users [11][14]. Insights on User Retention - Data indicates that focusing on long-term value rather than short-term gains can significantly improve user retention rates, with a 45% higher retention rate in the 13th month for companies prioritizing user operations [13]. - The average referral rate for users engaged in effective operations can reach 31%, highlighting the value of genuine user experiences [13].

Core Insights - The latest financial reports of China's three major telecom operators reveal a mixed performance, with revenue growth slowing down while profit growth remains positive [3][4][5] - The traditional business segments are underperforming, leading to a shift towards AI and digital innovation as new growth engines for the operators [4][5][7] Revenue and Profit Performance - For the first three quarters of 2025, China Mobile, China Telecom, and China Unicom reported revenues of 794.7 billion, 394.3 billion, and 293 billion yuan respectively, with growth rates declining to 0.4%, 0.6%, and 1.0% compared to the same period in 2024 [3] - In terms of net profit, the three operators achieved 115.4 billion, 30.8 billion, and 20 billion yuan respectively, with growth rates of 4.0%, 5.0%, and 5.1%, although these figures also reflect a slowdown from the previous year [3] Traditional Business Challenges - The revenue from traditional business has decreased from 92% in 2020 to 78% in the third quarter of 2025, indicating a significant decline in growth potential [5] - China Mobile's average revenue per user (ARPU) fell to 48 yuan, a 3% decrease from 49.5 yuan in 2024, highlighting the saturation in the mobile user market [5][6] Emerging AI Business Growth - AI-related businesses have emerged as a key profit driver, with significant revenue growth outpacing traditional segments [8][9] - China Unicom reported that AI-related revenue accounted for over 60% of its "smart network" business, with cloud revenue reaching 52.9 billion yuan, a 20.6% increase year-on-year [8][10] Industry Transformation - The telecom industry is shifting from a "pipeline thinking" model to a "computing power and service thinking" model, with increased capital expenditure on AI and data center upgrades [12] - R&D expenditures for the three operators exceeded 22 billion yuan in the first three quarters, with over 40% allocated to AI-related projects [12][13] Market Dynamics - The saturation of the telecom market and price elasticity limits the growth potential of traditional services, necessitating a focus on innovative AI solutions [7][9] - The overall telecom revenue growth is expected to be driven by the successful monetization of AI and computing services, indicating a fundamental change in the industry's growth logic [12][13]

Market Overview - On October 31, the communication services sector declined by 0.99%, with ChaoXun Communication leading the drop [1] - The Shanghai Composite Index closed at 3954.79, down 0.81%, while the Shenzhen Component Index closed at 13378.21, down 1.14% [1] Stock Performance - Notable gainers in the communication services sector included: - Fengzhushou (301382) with a closing price of 34.88, up 3.96% on a trading volume of 117,600 shares and a turnover of 408 million yuan [1] - Yitong Century (300310) closed at 6.05, up 3.42% with a trading volume of 430,900 shares and a turnover of 258 million yuan [1] - Major decliners included: - ChaoXun Communication (603322) which closed at 46.09, down 7.99% with a trading volume of 189,400 shares [2] - Online and Offline (300959) closed at 102.88, down 6.35% with a trading volume of 73,300 shares [2] Capital Flow - The communication services sector experienced a net outflow of 561 million yuan from institutional investors, while retail investors saw a net inflow of 524 million yuan [2] - The table of capital flow indicates that: - Zhongbei Communication (603220) had a net inflow of 53.31 million yuan from institutional investors [3] - Data Port (603881) saw a net inflow of 45.70 million yuan from institutional investors [3]

Investment Rating - The communication industry is rated positively with a significant increase in fund holdings, indicating strong investor interest and confidence in growth potential [1][5][31]. Core Insights - The communication sector's fund holdings increased to 7.76% in Q3 2025, up by 3.90 percentage points, ranking it among the top five sectors [1][5][31]. - The sector's overall valuation is above historical averages, with a PE-TTM of 43x, positioned at the 67th percentile, suggesting room for growth despite high expectations [23][31]. - The AI industry chain remains a focal point, with key companies like ZhongJi InnoLight, Eoptolink Technology, and Suzhou Tfc Optical Communication leading in fund holdings [22][32]. Summary by Sections Fund Holdings Overview - In Q3 2025, the communication sector's fund holdings accounted for 7.76%, ranking fourth among 31 primary industries, with notable increases in holdings for electronic and power equipment sectors [1][5][31]. - The top three companies in fund holdings within the communication sector are ZhongJi InnoLight (RMB 1114.46 billion, +62.53%), Eoptolink Technology (RMB 1101.72 billion, +60.81%), and Suzhou Tfc Optical Communication (RMB 145.44 billion, +14.90%) [13][22][32]. Investment Recommendations - Key investment targets include: 1. Optical modules: ZhongJi InnoLight, Eoptolink Technology, and others 2. CPO/Silicon Photonics: Suzhou Tfc Optical Communication and others 3. PCB: Wus Printed Circuit and others 4. Terminal: ZTE 5. IDC/Liquid Cooling: Wangsu Science & Technology and others 6. Network: ZTE, Ruijie Networks, and others 7. High-speed Copper Cable: Zhaolong Interconnect 8. Operators: China Mobile, China Telecom, China Unicom 9. Military Communication: Guangzhou Haige Communications and others 10. U.S. stocks: Credo, MaxLinear, and others [22][30]. Valuation and Growth Potential - The communication sector's valuation is above historical averages, with expectations of sustained growth driven by AI infrastructure and new connectivity developments [23][31]. - The sector is expected to gradually absorb its valuation while maintaining significant growth potential [23][31].

Group 1 - China Unicom announced the resignation of its chairman Chen Zhongyue due to job transfer, effective immediately [1] - Chen Zhongyue has been appointed as the chairman and party secretary of China Mobile, replacing Yang Jie [3] - Chen Zhongyue is currently the youngest chairman among the three major telecom operators in China, having extensive experience in the industry [3] Group 2 - China Unicom's subsidiary, Unicom Innovation and Entrepreneurship Investment Co., plans to invest 1.5 billion yuan in a strategic emerging industry development fund, representing a 2.94% stake [4] - The fund, initiated by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC), aims to accelerate the development of strategic emerging industries [6] - The fund has an initial scale of 51 billion yuan, with a five-year investment period and an eight-year management and exit period [7] Group 3 - The fund will focus on supporting industries such as artificial intelligence, aerospace, high-end equipment, quantum technology, and future energy [7] - Unicom Innovation has invested in 35 companies and participated in 47 bidding projects since its establishment in 2014 [8]