尼泊尔城镇化进程正成为其经济转型的核心驱动力。数据显示，该国城镇人口占比已从2015年的 64.95%稳步攀升至2024年的66.77%，近十年增长近两个百分点，标志着数百万人口从乡村向城镇的经 济社会重心转移。这一结构性变化推动尼泊尔从传统农业经济向服务业、建筑业、贸易和金融等城镇集 聚产业倾斜。城镇化带来了显著的经济效应：城镇地区成为金融交易、消费市场和物流枢纽，吸引私人 投资并催生规模经济；侨汇资金大量投入城镇住房、教育与小微企业，强化了城镇经济生态；基础设施 与建设项目在城镇走廊快速扩张，如加德满都谷地的建设热潮正推动资产型城镇经济发展。与此同时， 青年为获取更优质教育向城镇迁移，形成了适配服务与知识型产业的劳动力储备。然而，快速城镇化也 伴随着就业质量不均、住房压力、基础设施紧张及非正规就业扩大等挑战，亟需通过产业扩张与正规就 业创造加以应对。宏观层面，尼泊尔正从维持型乡村经济转向城镇消费与服务驱动模式，税基与金融活 动日益向城市集中，深刻影响着国家财政与货币政策的传导机制。地方政府需将城镇增长提升为经济发 展战略，通过规划工业分区、智慧交通、数字基建等提升城镇竞争力。当前城镇化趋势表明，城市已成 ...

□重庆晨报特约撰稿 梁光华 至于更上游清代末期修建的二郎桥，规模要小一些，因地理位置，还常有人走动。 在南川、万盛经开区交界处，有个地方叫红岩大峡谷，长约30公里。孝子河沿着陡峭起伏的山形地貌， 时而平缓流淌，时而咆哮奔泻，直到接近万盛城区，河床逐渐宽阔，有着一湾平缓地坝，几多绵延小 丘…… 红岩大峡谷曾是野生动物栖息的天堂，豹子、野猪、山羊等常出没于此。曾居住在南坪镇龙井湾的向光 芬、李主容等回忆："上世纪六七十年代，我们都还只有10来岁，这里出没的猴子密密麻麻，数都数不 清楚。成年猴子高度在四五十厘米，小猴子则只有十几厘米高，那些猴子通身为黄色。"根据她们的描 述，估计这群猴子属于猕猴种类。 本地人虽将这里称为红岩夹皮沟，但从天南海北迁居到红岩煤矿的几万矿山人，却将这里亲切地称呼为 红岩大峡谷。从河谷到山顶，海拔大约300米。峡谷沿线少有平坝，到处是陡峭山坡，突兀崖壁。峡谷 植被茂密，大多为竹子、松木、灌丛、栾树等。在那些湿地沙滩里，疯长着大片大片的巴茅草，偶尔也 可见粗壮的黄葛树。春秋更迭，无数的岩花、火棘、野果……纷纷靓影频现，争宠时光。 孝子河西岸属于石莲镇与金桥镇管辖，东边属南坪镇与丛林镇地段。孝 ...

随着城镇化水平不断提升，人口的富集效应仍在持续，"十五五"时期，中国城市的发展也将迎来新的阶段。 2025年，我国常住人口城镇化率达67.89%。多位专家预测，到2035年，我国城镇化率或将达到75%左右。这也意 味着，未来十年仍将有接近1亿人进城。哪些城市会在这场人口竞逐中走在前列？ 目前，我国有18座千万人口城市，包括重庆、上海、北京、成都等，"最新成员"是2024年人口达到1000.2万人的 合肥。而在900万到1000万人口之间，还有13个城市，其中人口超过950万的有6个，分别是哈尔滨、温州、宁波、 佛山、南京和济南。 作为省会城市的南京和济南，强大的人口吸附能力正在显现，其中南京从2020年的931.5万人，增长到2024年的 957.7万人。济南从2020年的920.2万人，增长到2024年的951.5万人。 怎样跨越千万人口，考验着一个城市的发展能力和治理能力。达到千万人口也远不是终点，对于人口大市来说， 规模之后，更具韧性、可持续的发展，才是大城市要面临的挑战。 多城竞逐"千万人口城市" 公开数据显示，2024年底，我国常住人口在900万到1000万的城市共有13个，其中超过950万的有6个 ...

机构：西部证券 研究员：于佳琦/田地 长期来看，我们认为底料、复调行业依然还有成长空间，并非存量市场。根据弗若斯特沙利文数据，我 国复合调味品市场规模约1265 亿，其中鸡精鸡粉、火锅调味料、菜谱式调料、其他复调规模分别为 307、269、216、473亿元。2020 年前后行业快速增长，现在进入稳步增长阶段。随着餐饮连锁化率提 升、城镇化率提升、家庭厨房烹饪越来越非专业化等趋势，复合调味品依然是渗透率提升的量增赛道。 关联方业务有望回暖，餐饮 B 端与海外市场成为核心增长点。关联方收入有望跟随海底捞企稳改善， 国内C 端业务销量稳步增长，公司在大 B、小 B两端同步发力，并自 2025 年起组建小 B 团队，依托供 应链与研发优势，完善产品体系，直接对接餐饮客户。海外业务增长迅速，本土化推进成效显著，东南 亚、美国、韩国为主要市场，未来几年海外业务有望保持稳定增长。 股息托底，向上具备弹性，首次覆盖给予"买入"评级。公司现金分红积极，股息回报具备吸引力。我们 预测2025-2027 年公司营收分别为65.7 亿元/69.6亿元/73.8 亿元，同比+0.5%/+5.9%/+6.0%，同期归母净 利润分别为8 ...

作者：罗伟章（四川省作协副主席） 我的故乡在川东北，现名达州，古名通州，唐代诗人元稹曾流放至此，做通州司马。元稹在酬答友人白 居易的诗里说："雨滑危梁性命愁，差池一步一生休。黄泉便是通州郡，渐入深泥渐到州。"比起前辈诗 人"蜀道之难，难于上青天"的浪漫感叹，更有切肤之痛，加之地僻人稀，蛇虫横行，其困顿与不安，可 以想见。而元稹虽是贬官，也毕竟是官，普通百姓的景况，不言而喻。千余年后，到我辈出生时，自然 不至如此，但还是穷，群山奔涌，河谷幽深，想不穷也难。我大学刚毕业的那几年，写过一本小说，叫 《饥饿百年》，将人置于自然与尘世之绝境，申明人的生存意志和不屈精神。 这本小说写完没多久，故乡就发生了变化。 在我的出生地——达州市宣汉县普光镇，更具体地说，是普光镇西侧那个位于半山名叫罗家坡的村子， 一个村民穿过村中的小路，默默地走下山去，多年后归来时，成了老板。他再次离开时，带走了若干亲 友。这些人春节回家，不再自己推豆腐、熏腊肉，而是从镇上买，还买来糖果花生，见人就递一把过 去，并陆陆续续重修住宅。许多年来，罗家坡只有土墙房和木板房，现在添了砖瓦房。在他们的带动 下，村里人成群结队，背着硕大的帆布包，从镇上坐汽车， ...

中新网柳州12月27日电 题：从"候鸟"到"筑巢"：广西城中村农民工成"新市民" 作者 陈梅 吕杨眉 在城镇化的浪潮中，城中村往往是许多人落脚城市的第一站。广西柳州市柳北区白沙村曾容纳了近2万 流动人口。外乡农民工在这里寻找工作、安置家庭，也让孩子走进课堂。如今，当年的"小候鸟"已长大 成人，而白沙村也在不断变迁。 21世纪初，各地掀起打工潮。柳州经济发展较好，吸引周边省市的民众前来寻找机会。曾位于城市边缘 的白沙村拥有大量租金低廉的自建房，周边还有工厂、市场、商圈，提供了众多岗位，让外来者既能住 下，也能谋生。 白沙村党总支书记、村委会主任廖建忠介绍，该村本地户籍人口约1300人，居住人口最高峰时达2万 人，包含大量外来租户。如何营造融合、稳定的居住环境，成为村庄治理的关键所在，而满足流动人口 子女的教育需求，成为其中不可或缺的一环。 2001年6月，行知小学在白沙村成立。这所民办学校专为外来务工子女设立，学生人数约为400名，入学 限制少、收费灵活，让"小候鸟"得以安心读书、玩耍。2008年起，该校逐渐吸引媒体关注，也带动了社 会援助。时任行知小学校长的邓凌回忆，当时不断有民众送来文具、体育用品、衣服，还 ...

Group 1 - Vietnam's real estate market is experiencing a significant surge in prices, with apartment prices in Hanoi exceeding 8 million VND per square meter, comparable to cities like Suzhou in China, despite the country's GDP per capita being below $5,000 [1][22] - The State Bank of Vietnam has drastically reduced interest rates from 15% in 2008 to 4.5% by 2025, leading to a significant increase in liquidity and a shift of funds from manufacturing to the asset market [4][6][7] - The new Land Law, effective in 2024, aims to marketize land pricing but has resulted in increased land acquisition costs for developers, leading to a speculative environment and insufficient housing supply [12][15][16] Group 2 - The demand for housing is driven by an influx of foreign engineers and workers due to the acceleration of supply chain migration, creating a dual market where high-end properties are targeted at expatriates rather than local workers [24][28] - The supply of affordable housing is diminishing, with developers focusing on luxury apartments to cover rising costs, resulting in a significant increase in average property prices [33][35] - The disparity in wealth is growing, with the top 10% of households owning 78% of real estate assets, leading to social tensions and a declining marriage rate due to housing affordability issues [37][39] Group 3 - The Vietnamese real estate sector attracted $5.63 billion in foreign direct investment in 2024, indicating strong interest in the market despite the challenges [27] - Current regulatory measures to control housing prices are proving ineffective, with foreign investment circumventing restrictions and new housing initiatives falling short of demand [39][40] - The overall situation in Vietnam's housing market resembles a pressure cooker, with monetary policy and land regulations creating a volatile environment for middle-class citizens [40]

Group 1 - Haircuts are a basic necessity with an irreplaceable demand, and the fast haircut model targets three core customer groups: elderly (60+ years), middle-aged men (40-60 years), and children (1-12 years) [1][2][3] - The elderly population in China is projected to exceed 300 million by 2025, indicating a growing demand for basic haircut services [1][4] - The fast haircut customer base is expanding, with the proportion of young consumers increasing from less than 30% to 45% by 2025, showing the model's growing appeal [3] Group 2 - The aging population is expected to reach over 400 million by 2035, reinforcing the foundational market for fast haircuts as the elderly increasingly rely on basic services [4] - Urbanization is projected to reach a rate of 67% in 2024, with significant growth potential in third and fourth-tier cities, enhancing the penetration of fast haircut services [5] Group 3 - The fast haircut industry is transitioning from price competition to sustainable operations, with trends including professional management and the requirement for barbers to have over three years of experience [6] - Technological advancements such as online booking and membership systems are improving user experience while reducing labor costs through self-service options [7] - The market is exploring segmentation with differentiated services for children and the elderly, enhancing customer loyalty [8]

Policy Background and Local Practices - Various regions in China are implementing policies to encourage farmers to buy homes in cities, including subsidies, tax benefits, and easier residency requirements [3][4][6] - For instance, Jilin Yanji offers full tax rebates and additional subsidies for appliances and home renovations, while Heilongjiang Jiamusi provides a subsidy of 100 yuan per square meter for new homes [4][6] - These initiatives aim to lower housing costs and attract farmers to the urban housing market, with additional support in public services such as employment and education [6][8] Realistic Challenges and Living Costs - Despite subsidies, farmers face significant challenges, primarily related to income stability, which is often insufficient to meet bank loan requirements [13][15] - Monthly mortgage payments can consume a large portion of farmers' income, leading to increased financial pressure during agricultural downturns [13][15] - Living costs in urban areas can exceed those in rural settings by over 30%, with additional expenses for education and healthcare adding to the burden [15][17] Employment and Public Service Issues - Employment stability is a critical concern, as many farmers work in low-stability sectors like construction and services, which may not provide sufficient job opportunities in urban areas [15][17] - Access to quality public services, such as education and healthcare, remains a challenge, with many farmers facing barriers due to their rural backgrounds [17][19] Risks and Sustainability Considerations - The sustainability of subsidy programs is questionable, as their effectiveness can vary by region and may not be maintained once subsidies are withdrawn [11][19] - Farmers risk losing essential rural rights, such as land use and collective benefits, if they opt for short-term housing subsidies [19][23] - The quality of housing and market volatility pose additional risks, with some properties suffering from poor construction and low resale value [23][25] Sustainable Pathways and Rational Choices - A shift from a simple subsidy model to a more comprehensive housing supply system is necessary for sustainable development, as outlined in the 2025 government work report [25][27] - Developing stable employment opportunities and improving public services are crucial for attracting farmers to urban areas [27][29] - Farmers must carefully evaluate their financial capabilities and the necessity of leaving rural life before making housing decisions [29][31] - Encouraging urban migration should complement rural revitalization efforts, ensuring that both urban and rural areas benefit from development [31][33]

Core Viewpoint - The proposal of "encouraging farmers to buy houses in cities to stabilize the real estate market" is being debated, but its feasibility is questioned given the current economic conditions and farmers' financial capabilities [5][11][39]. Market Conditions - The national real estate market has been experiencing a downturn, with continuous declines in sales volume and area since 2022, and the trend has not reversed as of mid-2025, with sales area down 12.3% and sales revenue down 14.1% year-on-year [7][9]. - As of the end of 2024, the inventory of commercial housing in third and fourth-tier cities is approximately 450 million square meters, leading to a depletion cycle of 36 months, significantly exceeding the reasonable level of 12-18 months [9][12]. Urbanization and Housing Demand - The core logic behind the proposal is based on urbanization, with a current urbanization rate of about 65% and a projected increase to around 75% in the next decade, potentially leading to 150 million rural residents migrating to urban areas [11][12]. - Supporters argue that this influx could create substantial housing demand, particularly in third and fourth-tier cities, helping to absorb local housing inventory [14]. Financial Capability of Farmers - The average disposable income for rural residents is projected to be around 23,000 yuan annually, while average housing prices in third and fourth-tier cities range from 5,000 to 8,000 yuan per square meter [16][19]. - For a typical rural family of three looking to purchase an 80 square meter home, the total cost would be approximately 400,000 to 640,000 yuan, requiring a down payment of 12,000 to 192,000 yuan, which could take 4 to 9 years to save [18][21]. Living Costs and Employment Challenges - Transitioning to urban life presents significant challenges, including higher living costs and limited job opportunities, as many rural residents lack specialized skills and face competition from urban job seekers [24][28]. - The perception that urban living provides better access to public resources is often misleading, as quality services are typically concentrated in major cities, leaving third and fourth-tier cities with limited offerings [30]. Housing Market Dynamics - The assumption that urbanization will lead to a housing boom is flawed, as over 70% of rural migrants prefer renting rather than buying homes, particularly in third and fourth-tier cities where rental markets are robust [41]. - The current oversupply of housing is a long-term issue stemming from excessive development in lower-tier cities, and even with some rural residents buying homes, it would not significantly alleviate the inventory problem [38][39]. Conclusion - The stability of the real estate market relies on broader economic recovery, income growth, and practical actions from real estate companies, rather than solely on the influx of rural buyers [53][55].