法国著名农村社会学家孟德拉斯在其代表作《农民的终结》一书开篇部分便直言不讳地指出："二十亿 农民站在工业文明的入口处，这就是在20世纪下半叶当今世界向社会科学提出的主要问题。" [1] 自改革开放以来，中国城镇化进程持续加快。根据国家统计局发布的最新数据，截至2024年底，全国城 镇常住人口已达到9.435亿人，较前年同期新增1083万人；农村常住人口为4.6478亿人，同比下降1222万 人。当前城镇人口在全国总人口中的占比（城镇化率）已攀升至67%，常住人口城镇化率首次突破三分 之二。[2] 以城镇化赋能未来一个时期中国经济平稳健康发展，已经是重要战略选择，中国的城市化或者新型城市 化可通过加强城乡之间劳动力、土地和资本的流动，继续为经济发展提供新动力。[3] 然而，城镇化在推动城乡要素重新配置的同时，城市强大的虹吸效应也带来了乡村地域空间及其内在社 会经济结构的持续重构与转型。在这一过程中，乡村传统的社会空间架构、区域形态布局被逐步瓦解， 由此还引发乡村社会结构失调、文化根脉断裂、生态系统退化、城乡发展鸿沟扩大等一系列重大现实问 题，[4]城镇化背景下乡村衰落的事实已不容忽视。 费孝通先生将中国社会的根 ...

2025.09.30 本文字数：2393，阅读时长大约4分钟 2024年，杭州全市数字经济核心产业增加值6305亿元，同比增长7.1%，占全市GDP比重达28.8%；全市 数字经济核心产业实现营业收入20401亿元，增长4.9%。通过在数字经济领域的厚积薄发，今年以来， 由云深处科技、宇树科技、深度求索（Deep Seek）、游戏科学、群核科技、强脑科技组成的"杭州六小 龙"火爆出圈。 近年来，中西部的工业化和城镇化水平不断提升，尤其是随着科技创新成为发展的基本动力，一批现代 产业集群正在中西部的强省会城市、中心城市加快集聚。这些城市产业发展带动从业人员的快速增长。 作者 |第一财经 林靖 随着城镇化水平不断提高，我国人口分布有何变化？ 近日，国家统计局发布《"十四五"以来社会民生统计报告》。《报告》显示，"十四五"以来，我国人口 总量总体稳定，人口发展质量不断提高，劳动年龄人口红利依然存在，就业总体稳定、结构优化，居民 收支稳步增长，为我国经济社会高质量发展提供基础性支撑。 《报告》显示，人口分布向城镇和东部地区集聚。2024年末，我国城镇人口94350万人，城镇化率为 67.00%，比2020年末提高3. ...

随着城镇化水平不断提高，我国人口分布有何变化？ 本文字数：2393，阅读时长大约4分钟 作者 | 第一财 经 林靖 近日，国家统计局发布《"十四五"以来社会民生统计报告》。《报告》显示，"十四五"以来，我国 人口总量总体稳定，人口发展质量不断提高，劳动年龄人口红利依然存在，就业总体稳定、结构优 化，居民收支稳步增长，为我国经济社会高质量发展提供基础性支撑。 2025.09. 30 近年来，中西部的工业化和城镇化水平不断提升，尤其是随着科技创新成为发展的基本动力，一批现 代产业集群正在中西部的强省会城市、中心城市加快集聚。这些城市产业发展带动从业人员的快速增 长。 以合肥为例，合肥自七人普以来人口增量也超过了60万人，达到了63.2万人。2024年，合肥市常住 人口为1000.2万人。合肥成为长三角地区继上海、苏州、杭州之后的第4个千万人口大市，也是我 国第18座常住人口破千万的城市。 安徽省社科院研究员林斐分析，产业的发展是集聚人口的支撑，产业的布局变化会带动经济和人口密 度的变化。这些年合肥的整体发展思路比较清晰，准确把握了产业发展规律，一方面做好原有产业的 集聚提升，另一方面大力发展新兴产业，包括新能源汽 ...

一批现代产业集群正在中西部强省会、中心城市加快集聚。 随着城镇化水平不断提高，我国人口分布有何变化？ 近日，国家统计局发布《"十四五"以来社会民生统计报告》。《报告》显示，"十四五"以来，我国人口 总量总体稳定，人口发展质量不断提高，劳动年龄人口红利依然存在，就业总体稳定、结构优化，居民 收支稳步增长，为我国经济社会高质量发展提供基础性支撑。 《报告》显示，人口分布向城镇和东部地区集聚。2024年末，我国城镇人口94350万人，城镇化率为 67.00%，比2020年末提高3.11个百分点，城镇化率持续提高。东部地区常住人口为56702万人，占全国 人口的比重为40.32%，比2020年提高0.30个百分点。 中小城市研究院院长牛凤瑞分析，当前城镇化率还有较大提升空间。人口流动过程中，农村人口持续流 向城镇。从人口在全国的空间分布来看，一方面，人口继续向东部沿海发达城市集聚；另一方面，在省 域内部，人口向省会城市等中心城市集聚。 在东部沿海地区，去年年末，广东全省常住人口12780万人，比上年末增加74万人，人口增量位居全国 第一。 浙江去年常住人口增加43万人，增量位居全国第二；浙江11个设区市的常住人口全部 ...

另外，在报告中还提到一项，农民工城市融入度也在提高。 但是，在9月24日北京日报发布的中国人民大学经济学院文章表示，当前我国的城市化率接近70%，但3 亿农民工中在城市扎根的比例偏低，进城农民工在城购房比例不足三分之一，农民落户意愿持续较低。 经常听有人说还有多少亿农民进城，进城就需要买房，有人说有2亿3亿，也有的说4亿5亿。不管多少， 农民进城买房这个话题确实值得探讨。 众所周知，房地产时代红利已经过去了，不可能再重复老路，这跟城镇化程度以及人口增长发生逆转有 很大关系。 9月18日，自然资源部国土空间规划局表示，当前，我国城镇化率已突破67%，城镇开发边界内70%以 上是存量空间。未来，存量空间盘活优化将进一步从城市范围拓展至国土空间全域范围，特别将结合正 在推进的全域土地综合整治工作，统筹城乡各类空间资源，激活空间潜能，集成政策资源，促进多元价 值再生。 而按照国际经验，城镇化率处于30%-70%区间时通常被认为是快速发展阶段。也就是说，中国2025年城 镇化率达到67%标志着进入快速发展中后期，此时房地产发展更注重品质提升和结构优化，而非单纯追 求规模扩张。这跟说到的存量空间盘活优化是一致的。 城镇化 ...

Core Viewpoint - The development of small and medium-sized cities and county towns is crucial in China's urbanization process, as highlighted by the recent policy from the Central Committee and State Council aimed at enhancing their carrying capacity [1][2]. Group 1: Urbanization and Development - China's urbanization has shifted to a stable development phase, with large cities becoming saturated in population and industry, while small and medium-sized cities and county towns have not fully utilized their potential to absorb and carry populations [1]. - Many small and medium-sized cities and county towns have urbanization rates significantly below the national average, leading to a situation where rural populations struggle to move to large cities or return to smaller towns [1]. Group 2: Industrial Foundation - The foundation of development for small and medium-sized cities and county towns lies in their industries, which currently face issues such as unreasonable industrial structures and low levels of industry [1]. - There is an over-reliance on traditional industries in some regions, while emerging industries and modern services lag behind, resulting in weak economic growth [1]. Group 3: Infrastructure and Public Services - Infrastructure and public services are identified as significant shortcomings for many small and medium-sized cities and county towns, with inadequate transportation, uneven distribution of educational resources, and insufficient medical services impacting residents' quality of life and hindering talent attraction [2]. - Investment in infrastructure and public services must be increased, optimizing the allocation of educational, health, and cultural resources to enhance the level of public service equality [2]. Group 4: Business Environment - A favorable business environment is essential for improving the carrying capacity of small and medium-sized cities and county towns, as many currently face issues in administrative approval, market regulation, and policy support [2]. - Problems such as complicated procedures and difficulties in financing for enterprises are prevalent, necessitating ongoing reforms to simplify approval processes and enhance service efficiency [2]. Group 5: Collaborative Efforts - Enhancing the carrying capacity of small and medium-sized cities and county towns is a systematic project requiring collaboration among government, enterprises, and society [2]. - It is vital to explore differentiated development paths based on local resource endowments and development stages to stimulate the vitality of these cities and towns effectively [2].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the critical role of small and medium-sized cities and county towns in China's urbanization process, as highlighted by the recent policy from the Central Committee and State Council aimed at enhancing their carrying capacity [1][2] - China's urbanization has shifted to a stable development phase, with large cities becoming saturated in terms of population and industry, while small and medium-sized cities and county towns have not fully utilized their potential to absorb and carry populations [1][2] - Many small and medium-sized cities and county towns have urbanization rates significantly below the national average, leading to a situation where rural populations struggle to move to large cities or return to smaller towns [1][2] Group 2 - The development of small and medium-sized cities and county towns is hindered by inadequate infrastructure and public services, including outdated transportation, uneven distribution of educational resources, and insufficient medical services [2] - Improving the business environment is crucial for enhancing the carrying capacity of small and medium-sized cities and county towns, as many face issues such as cumbersome administrative processes and difficulties in financing [2] - Enhancing the carrying capacity of small and medium-sized cities and county towns requires a collaborative effort from government, enterprises, and society, focusing on differentiated development paths based on local resources and stages of development [2]

Group 1: Urban Development Transformation - Shandong is undergoing a transformation from "quantity" to "quality" in urban development, shifting from rapid growth to stable development and focusing on improving existing urban areas [1][2] - The urbanization rate in Shandong has increased from 52.03% in 2012 to 66.48% in 2024, with a steady annual growth rate of 1.2 percentage points, reflecting the province's significant role in national urbanization [2] Group 2: Quality of Life Improvements - Shandong has implemented urban quality enhancement and renewal actions, resulting in a cumulative increase of 141,000 hectares in green coverage and 36,000 hectares in park land from 2012 to 2024, with an average per capita park area of 18.7 square meters [4] - Over 8 million residents have transitioned from shantytowns to modern housing, and 23,000 neighborhoods have undergone renovations, improving living conditions [4] Group 3: Infrastructure and Services - Shandong has focused on "invisible projects" such as underground pipelines and sponge city initiatives, achieving over 99% in water supply, gas coverage, and sewage treatment rates, while updating over 88,000 kilometers of underground pipelines [5] - The province has built nearly 3,000 square kilometers of sponge cities and 1,029 kilometers of comprehensive utility tunnels, leading the nation in these developments [5] Group 4: Smart City Governance - Shandong is integrating smart elements into urban management, enhancing efficiency and citizen satisfaction through real-time monitoring and digital services [6][7] - The establishment of a city management system that integrates various services has improved community governance, with 70% of residential communities forming owners' committees [8]

她提到，未来，存量空间盘活优化将进一步从城市范围拓展至国土空间全域范围，特别将结合正在推进 的全域土地综合整治工作，统筹城乡各类空间资源，激活空间潜能，集成政策资源，促进多元价值再 生。 谢海霞说，《指南》明确存量空间盘活优化是国土空间总体规划、详细规划的重要任务之一，确定了不 同层级的规划编制内容，构建了分层编制、动态维护的机制，填补了存量空间如何编制规划的技术标准 空白，使国土空间规划更好地适应存量时期经济社会发展趋势和国土空间开发保护的需要。 新京报讯（记者张建林）北京城镇化率已达88%，城市发展已率先从增量扩张转向存量提质增效的新阶 段。在今天（9月18日）下午自然资源部召开的新闻发布会上，北京市规划和自然资源委员会副主任杨 浚表示，今年中央城市工作会议召开后不到一个月，北京就发布了《关于加快推动存量地区控制性详细 规划编制和实施管理工作的通知》。 今年7月份召开的中央城市工作会议提出两个重大判断，显示我国城镇化正从快速增长期转向稳定发展 期，城市发展正从大规模增量扩张阶段转向存量提质增效为主的阶段。 杨浚说，盘活存量空间、推动城市更新已成为实施北京城市总体规划、推动北京超大城市发展方式转 型、实现人 ...

Group 1: Economic Fundamentals - The foundation of macroeconomics revolves around the flow of money, defined as a special commodity that serves as a general equivalent in trade, backed by national credibility [3][4] - The value of currency is anchored by the productivity it represents, and excessive issuance can lead to inflation, while insufficient issuance can cause deflation [3][4] - Countries often borrow to stimulate development, either through external loans or domestic debt issuance, forming the basis of modern finance [6] Group 2: Industrial Development - Industrialization is a complex process requiring significant capital and skilled labor, with successful examples including the UK, US, and Japan [8][12] - Real estate plays a crucial role in accelerating urbanization and economic growth, with the potential to drive GDP growth significantly [10][11] - The transition from light industry to heavy manufacturing is essential for a country's industrialization, with the automotive sector being a key focus for China [15][16] Group 3: Service Sector and Tourism - The service sector, including tourism, is projected to become increasingly important as industrialization matures, offering high returns on investment with lower capital requirements [16][24] - The tourism industry can significantly boost consumption and GDP, with a multiplier effect where tourism revenue can generate much higher economic activity [24][26] - To succeed in the tourism sector, companies must focus on cost control and continuous innovation to adapt to changing consumer preferences [27]