Group 1 - The BRICS Foreign Ministers' meeting is taking place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on the 28th and 29th, focusing on a unified stance against aggressive U.S. trade policies [1][2] - The meeting aims to prepare for the 17th BRICS Leaders' Summit scheduled for July 6-7, discussing key issues such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the Israel-Palestine conflict, climate change, artificial intelligence, and currency swaps [1][2] - The inclusion criteria for new BRICS members will be a significant topic of discussion, emphasizing the need for good diplomatic relations and UN membership [1] Group 2 - The meeting will also feature a session on the role of the Global South in strengthening multilateralism, with Malaysia's Foreign Minister emphasizing ASEAN's cooperation with BRICS [2] - The backdrop of the meeting includes the U.S. imposing tariffs on multiple trade partners, prompting BRICS ministers to discuss responses to these aggressive trade policies [2] - BRICS countries represent nearly half of the global population and over 30% of global GDP, highlighting their significant economic influence [2] Group 3 - The focus on strengthening multilateral institutions is seen as essential for establishing a more balanced world order amid a fragmented international landscape [3] - The meetings are expected to provide stability and a unified voice for BRICS nations in response to the uncertainties in global trade and politics [3] - The Chinese Foreign Minister's participation in both the BRICS Foreign Ministers' meeting and the 15th BRICS Senior Security Officials meeting underscores the importance of these discussions in the current geopolitical context [3]

4月24日，瑞士联邦委员兼外长卡西斯来华工作访问。在美国破坏国际贸易规则，对华大打关税战、贸 易战，并以关税威慑其他国家与中国脱钩断链，世界经济发展面临不确定性加剧的背景下，卡西斯此次 来访更加具有特殊意义。捍卫多边主义并加强对华合作，正是卡西斯此次访华的主基调。 卡西斯在华期间表示，在当前形势下，国际社会应加强团结，携手捍卫多边主义和自由贸易，维护以规 则和法治为基础的国际秩序。瑞方愿同中方就此加强沟通，共同应对各种挑战。瑞士作为世界贸易组 织、联合国贸发会议、国际贸易中心等众多国际经贸领域权威国际组织总部的所在地，自美国发动此轮 关税战、贸易战以来，已经多次发声支持和捍卫多边主义。 卡西斯介绍，自去年起，瑞士与印度、泰国、马来西亚新签订了自贸协定，并且升级了与智利等国的自 贸协定。同时，瑞士对于与南方共同市场、越南签订自贸协定以及升级与英国、墨西哥、南非关税同盟 之间的自贸协定持乐观态度。卡西斯还称，2013年，瑞士成为首个与中国签署自贸协定的欧洲大陆国 家，协定帮助瑞士对华出口额增加了60%，中国也因此成为瑞士在亚洲的最大经济伙伴。今后，瑞士将 努力强化与中国之间的自贸协定。 卡西斯在其演讲中称，中国的 ...

新华社北京4月23日电 国家主席习近平向气候和公正转型领导人视频峰会发表致辞。 习近平指出，今年是《巴黎协定》达成10周年，也是联合国成立80周年。当前，世界百年 变局加速演进，人类社会走到新的十字路口。尽管个别大国热衷于单边主义、保护主义，对 国际规则和国际秩序造成严重冲击，但历史总会在曲折中前进。只要坚定信心，加强团结合 作，就一定能冲破逆流，推动全球气候治理和世界一切进步事业行稳致远。 一是坚守多边主义。坚定维护以联合国为核心的国际体系、以国际法为基础的国际秩序，坚 定维护国际公平正义。秉持法治精神，重信守诺，锚定绿色低碳发展，通过多边治理共同应 对气候危机。 二是深化国际合作。以开放包容超越隔阂冲突，以合作促进技术创新和产业变革，使优质绿 色技术和产品自由流通，让各国特别是广大发展中国家都用得上、用得起、用得好。中国将 大力深化南南合作，继续为其他发展中国家提供力所能及的帮助。 三是推动公正转型。以人民为中心，协同推进民生福祉改善和气候治理，统筹保护环境、发 展经济、创造就业、消除贫困等多重目标。发达国家有义务向发展中国家提供帮助和支持， 助力全球绿色低碳转型，增进各国人民共同和长远福祉。 四是强化务 ...

在美国掀起关税战的背景下，围绕如何稳定东亚区域经济增长，郑永年提出了三点建议： 第一，东盟应保持团结协作。东盟一直是促进亚洲区域稳定发展的重要力量，但当前由于美国所谓"对 等关税"，东盟再次面临挑战，因为其中许多经济体的发展都以出口导向为主。如果东盟内部出现分 裂，那么东盟的经济发展将会受到重大影响，也不利于本地区的稳定； 第二，无论是中国还是东盟都应保持开放。东亚经济体都应该采取开放的政策来推动本国的工业化进 程。在此过程中，作为世界第二大经济体，中国在推动该东亚经济繁荣发展中发挥着重要作用，一个开 放的中国市场本身就是一个理想的全球经济发展行动。中国致力于推动高水平开放，坚持多边主义，并 将继续加强其全面战略伙伴关系，推进与东盟关系的发展。有鉴于此，建立"中国—东盟共同市场"将有 利于双方共同推动东亚经济一体化，并且发挥东亚地区的增长潜力。在此方面，中国与东盟有条件继续 深化合作，比如在投资、技术以及供应链方面。 第三，中国和东盟也应为世界多边主义的发展提供更多解决方案，并建立一个公正且包容的国际秩序。 这需要产业界以及学界为推动建立"中国—东盟共同市场"提供更多可行的措施建议。 21世纪经济报道记者洪晓 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Bandung Spirit, established during the first Afro-Asian Conference in 1955, continues to serve as a guiding principle for cooperation among Global South countries, emphasizing unity, friendship, and collaboration [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Context and Development - The Bandung Conference laid the foundation for cooperation among Afro-Asian nations, promoting anti-colonialism and the pursuit of national self-determination [1]. - The Bandung Spirit has evolved over 70 years, influencing movements such as the Non-Aligned Movement and the emergence of BRICS, as well as initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative [1][2]. Group 2: Economic Cooperation and Global Governance - The BRICS mechanism aims to democratize global economic governance, providing alternative financing channels for developing countries through institutions like the New Development Bank [1]. - The Belt and Road Initiative exemplifies the Bandung Spirit in a globalized context, focusing on mutual benefits and enhancing economic vitality in participating countries [2]. Group 3: Current Global Challenges - Developing countries face challenges such as trade barriers, technological monopolies, and financial hegemony, with the Bandung Spirit offering guidance for deepening economic cooperation and sustainable development [3]. - The principles of equality and non-interference advocated by the Bandung Conference remain relevant today, providing a foundation for Global South countries to resist unilateralism and promote multilateralism [2][3]. Group 4: Future Directions - The Bandung Spirit continues to inspire Global South countries to unite in addressing contemporary challenges and pursuing sustainable development goals, particularly in areas like renewable energy and digital economy [3]. - As the international landscape becomes increasingly complex, the Bandung Spirit serves as a beacon for cooperation among developing nations, guiding them towards a more just international order [3].

Group 1 - The Swiss Foreign Minister Cassis's visit to China is significant amid the complex international situation, particularly in the context of the US-China trade war [1][5] - The US initiated a tariff war against China, leading to retaliatory measures from China, with tariffs on some US goods reaching 125% and US tariffs on Chinese goods reaching as high as 245% [1][3] - The US's attempts to rally allies against China have largely failed, as countries like the EU and Canada are seeking closer ties with China instead [3][5] Group 2 - Japan's recent diplomatic engagement with China, including a visit from the leader of the Komeito party, reflects a desire to strengthen bilateral relations amid the US's aggressive tariff policies [5][7] - Cassis emphasized that trade wars do not bring prosperity but rather instability and conflict, advocating for multilateralism and free trade [5][7] - Switzerland is accelerating negotiations for a free trade agreement with China, indicating a growing economic partnership that could counterbalance US isolationist policies [7]

4月27日，工业和信息化部副部长熊继军会见中国—东盟联合合作委员会代表团成员，双方就深化中国 与东盟工业和信息化领域合作交换意见。 熊继军表示，中国工业和信息化部愿与东盟各方加强沟通协调，共同推动工业、数字等领域务实合作， 以开放合作和多边主义对冲保护主义、单边主义，为世界经济注入更多确定性和稳定性。 中国—东盟联合合作委员会代表团表示，东盟与中国全方位合作潜力巨大，未来可期。东盟倡导多边主 义，高度重视与中国合作，期待中国进一步扩大对东盟投资，深化全面战略伙伴关系。 ...

Group 1 - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) held its 51st International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) meeting, discussing global economic conditions and the need for a strong, well-resourced IMF to ensure financial stability [1] - The meeting highlighted the increasing trade tensions and their impact on economic growth and financial stability, emphasizing the importance of member countries completing the domestic approval process for the 16th quota review [1] - The IMF's quota adjustments should better reflect members' relative weight in the global economy while protecting the voice of the poorest countries [1] Group 2 - Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell emphasized the importance of central bank independence during the IMFC meeting, stating that political pressures will not influence monetary policy decisions [2] - Powell's remarks received strong support from attendees, including European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde, who praised his commitment to maintaining financial stability [2] - The Federal Reserve is expected to maintain interest rates unchanged for the third consecutive time in the upcoming policy meeting [2][3] Group 3 - People's Bank of China Governor Pan Gongsheng expressed concerns over weak global economic growth and highlighted the negative impact of unilateral trade policies on international economic order [4] - Pan emphasized China's willingness to deepen cooperation with the IMF to enhance global economic and financial stability [4] - He also noted that China's macroeconomic policies will remain proactive to support economic recovery amid rising uncertainties in the global economy [6]

新华财经联合国4月26日电（记者施春杨士龙）美国经济学家、哥伦比亚大学可持续发展中心主任杰弗 里·萨克斯日前说，美国的单边主义政策正在严重影响全球和平与发展。 在由中方主持召开的"单边主义和霸凌行径对国际关系的冲击"安理会阿里亚模式会议上，萨克斯说，按 照他的研究，在193个联合国会员国中，美国在"各国对联合国多边主义支持指数"中排名垫底，表明"美 国是最不支持联合国多边主义的国家"。他将此归因于美方频频违反国际承诺、实施单边制裁，以及在 联合国大会屡次投票反对多数国家的立场。 在视频连线发言中，萨克斯批评美国以错误的经济逻辑为依据，对他国滥施关税。"特朗普总统声称美 国的贸易逆差是其他国家占了美国的便宜。这完全不符合事实。"他指出，美国的贸易逆差源于自身财 政赤字和低储蓄率，而非别国的贸易行为。这些单边关税措施毫无正当理由，"不仅违反了多边主义， 在我看来，也违反了美国宪法，因为宪法将征税权赋予国会，而不是总统"。 萨克斯说，美国的"经济霸凌"不仅包括滥施关税，还涉及对个人、金融机构和主权国家资产的单方面制 裁。这些措施让人们失去了获取食物、水和医疗服务的机会，推高了死亡率，"不仅违反联合国宪章， 而且在道 ...

Group 1 - The informal meeting convened by China at the UN Security Council aimed to discuss the impact of the US's unilateral tariff policies on the global economy and to foster a consensus among member states against such actions [1][2][6] - The meeting highlighted the need for international cooperation to counter unilateralism and promote multilateralism, with over 80 countries participating and nearly 30 countries voicing their opinions [8][10] - The discussions underscored the significant economic challenges posed by the US's tariff war, which not only affects global supply chains but also has repercussions on international political and economic relations [8][17] Group 2 - The IMF has revised its global economic growth forecast for 2025 down to 2.8%, indicating a potential recession, while the UN report suggests a drop to 2.3%, highlighting the widespread impact of the tariff war [10] - The meeting served as a platform for emerging and developing countries to express their concerns regarding the adverse effects of the US tariff policies, emphasizing the need for a fair and predictable multilateral trade order [10][12] - The presence of US representatives at the meeting reflects the challenges the US faces in maintaining its stance amid growing international criticism of its unilateral actions [12][14] Group 3 - The ongoing tariff war has led to significant domestic backlash in the US, with economists and former presidents openly criticizing the policies, and multiple states filing lawsuits against the federal government [21][24] - The US's fluctuating stance on tariffs, including recent indications of a potential reduction, raises questions about the long-term sustainability of its trade policies [17][23] - China's response to the tariff war includes a commitment to high-level openness and the promotion of domestic demand, which may serve as a counterbalance to external pressures [29][34]