7月31日，人民币兑美元中间价报7.1494，下调53点。 美联储维持利率4.25%-4.50%不变 美国联邦储备委员会宣布将联邦基金利率目标区间维持在4.25%-4.50%不变，符合市场预期。这是美联 储连续第五次维持利率不变，反映其对通胀高企和特朗普政府关税政策不确定性的谨慎态度。 美联储主席：尚未就9月利率做出任何决定 美联储主席鲍威尔表示，现在就断言美联储是否会像金融市场预期的那样在9月下调联邦基金利率还为 时过早。 鲍威尔在最新一轮货币政策会议后的新闻发布会上表示，美联储尚未就9月利率做出任何决定。鲍威尔 表示，他们"将在下次议息会议前夕参考有关经济的信息"。 来源：新浪网 【免责声明】本文仅代表作者本人观点，与和讯网无关。和讯网站对文中陈述、观点判断保持中立，不 对所包含内容的准确性、可靠性或完整性提供任何明示或暗示的保证。请读者仅作参考，并请自行承担 全部责任。邮箱：news_center@staff.hexun.com ...

据央视新闻消息，当地时间7月30日，美国联邦储备委员会结束为期两天的货币政策会议，宣布将联邦 基金利率目标区间维持在4.25%至4.50%之间不变。这一决定符合市场预期，同时也是今年美联储货币 政策会议连续第五次决定维持利率不变。 美联储政策声明指出，今年上半年美国经济增长"有所放缓"，若这一趋势持续，可能为未来降息提供依 据。但声明同时表示"经济前景不确定性仍然高企，通胀和就业目标均面临风险"。分析认为，这种表述 反映出美联储的审慎态度——在通胀和就业路径更加明晰之前不愿轻易降息。 编辑 刘佳妮 ...

美联储理事沃勒在最近一次讲话中表示："私营部门就业增长已接近停滞速度。"沃勒在讲话中强调了降 低利率的理由。"其他数据表明，劳动力市场的下行风险有所增加。鉴于通胀已接近目标水平，且通胀 上行风险有限，我们不应等到劳动力市场恶化才下调政策利率。" 许多华尔街经济学家和美联储决策者预计今年失业率将攀升。牛津经济研究院首席美国经济学家Nancy Vanden Houten在上周五发布的一份研究报告中表示，牛津经济研究院预计劳动力市场状况将有所疲 软，关税的影响将开始渗透到通胀和实际消费支出中。 美国银行对周五的就业报告期望不高，该行预计7月份非农就业人数将增加6万人，低于增加10万人的普 遍预期。 "如果该预测是正确的，市场的下意识反应可能会是鸽派的，"美国经济学家Aditya Bhave在周二的一份 报告中说。"然而，我们鼓励投资者更多地关注私营部门的就业增长和失业率。" 他指出，尽管6月份政府就业人数大幅增加，但这似乎是一种季节性扭曲。他预测，美国劳工统计局7月 份的数据将显示政府总就业人数减少2.5万人。 Bhave表示，更重要的故事在于私营部门的就业数据。"我们认为私营部门的就业人数将从6月份的+7.4 万 ...

| 贵金属日评20250730: 美国财政部或待利率下降后再增发长债,待美国GDP和就业等数据 | 交易日期 | 较昨日变化 | 较上周变化 | | | | | | | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2025-07-23 | 2025-07-29 | 2025-07-28 | 收盘价 | 774. 78 | 771. 44 | 792. 90 | -3. 34 | -21.46 | | | | | | | | 成交量 | 219932.00 | 286795. 00 | -36, 087. 00 | 256019.00 | -66, 863. 00 | 期货活跃合约 | 持仓重 | 222387.00 | 212407.00 | 209675.00 | 2, 732. 00 | -9, 980. 00 | | | | 库存(十克) | 31263.00 | 30258.00 | 28857.00 | 2, 406. 00 | 1,00 ...

Global Central Bank Dynamics - The G20 Development Ministers' meeting took place in Mpumalanga, South Africa, discussing issues such as enhancing social protection and combating illicit financial flows [1] - The European Central Bank (ECB) paused its interest rate cuts for the first time since June 2024, citing trade disputes as a major source of policy uncertainty [1] - The Bank of Japan is expected to maintain its benchmark interest rate at 0.5%, with officials indicating that recent political events have minimal impact on the gradual rate hike stance [2] - The Central Bank of Russia lowered its benchmark rate from 20% to 18%, aligning with market expectations while maintaining a tight monetary policy until inflation targets are met [2] - The Central Bank of Turkey reduced its benchmark rate from 46% to 43%, marking the beginning of a new rate-cutting cycle [2] Market Observations - PIMCO economists noted that despite President Trump's criticism of the Federal Reserve, he is unlikely to replace Chairman Powell, instead using upcoming appointments to influence monetary policy [3] - Economists from ING highlighted that while Tokyo's inflation has eased, it remains high enough to support the Bank of Japan's consideration of policy normalization [4] - Analysts from Capital Economics pointed out that upcoming U.S. tariffs could introduce new uncertainties for the South African economy, which is already facing economic weakness [4] Upcoming Focus - The Federal Reserve is expected to maintain interest rates due to strong recent economic data, with market attention on Powell's statements following the rate decision [4]

Group 1 - The core point of the article discusses the recent interest rate cut by the Russian central bank from 20% to 18%, with a forecast to further reduce it to 14% by the end of the year, highlighting the implications for savings and loans in the Russian economy [3][5][10] - The interest rate of 18% is significantly higher than in many other countries, making saving attractive but borrowing extremely costly, which could stifle economic activity [4][6][12] - The central bank's decision to cut rates is seen as a response to decreasing inflation, which has dropped from a peak of 12.8% to 4.3%, indicating a potential stabilization of the economy [6][8][9] Group 2 - The central bank's rate cut is described as a "medicine" for the economy, aimed at alleviating the financial burden on businesses and encouraging investment, as high rates previously restricted economic growth [7][10] - The article outlines three key factors that give the central bank confidence in lowering rates: reduced inflation, the need for economic recovery, and a stabilized currency exchange rate [8][9][12] - Despite the rate cuts, the article warns that the underlying issues in the Russian economy, such as technological isolation and labor shortages, remain unresolved, suggesting that the economic recovery may be slow and challenging [11][12][13]

关注、加星，第一时间接收推送！ 文 | 赵伟、陈达飞、李欣越、王茂宇、赵宇 联系人 | 李欣越 大类资产&海外事件&数据：美日关税协议达成，发达市场多数上涨 发达市场延续上涨，焦煤大幅上行。 当周，标普500上涨1.5%，日经225上涨4.1%；10Y美债收益率下行 4.0bp至4.4%；美元指数下跌0.8%至97.67，离岸人民币升值至7.1681；WTI原油下跌3.2%至65.2美元/桶， COMEX黄金下跌0.6%至3329.1美元/盎司。 美国与日本、印尼、菲律宾三国敲定贸易协定。 日本方面，美国将对日本征收15%关税，低于此前威胁 的25%。日本承诺向美国投资5500 亿美元。印尼方面，美国将对印尼征收19%关税，低于此前威胁的 25%。菲律宾方面，美方将原定的20%关税降至19%。 美国7月Markit制造业PMI回落，欧央行维持利率不变。 美国7月Markit制造业PMI为49.5，市场预期 52.7，关税对于美国工业生产的扰动仍然存在。欧央行7月会议维持利率不变，符合市场预期，主因通胀 回到目标，经济表现符合预期。关注下周7月美联储FOMC例会。 风险提示 摘要 地缘政治冲突升级；美国经济放缓 ...

Core Viewpoint - Trump's visit to the Federal Reserve, under the guise of inspecting building renovations, raises questions about the political and economic implications of his actions, particularly regarding interest rate policies and the independence of the Federal Reserve [1][3][10]. Group 1: Political Context - Trump's approval ratings have declined due to various issues, including tariffs and health concerns, prompting his high-profile visit to the Federal Reserve to potentially regain public support [3][9][10]. - The visit is seen as a challenge to the Federal Reserve's independence, as Trump has previously criticized the Fed's interest rate decisions and has pressured it to lower rates to stimulate economic growth [6][8][12]. Group 2: Economic Implications - The Federal Reserve has historically maintained its independence to avoid political pressures that could lead to economic instability, as seen in past instances of inflation caused by political interference [5][8]. - Trump's focus on the renovation budget of the Federal Reserve building, which has escalated from initial estimates to significantly higher costs, is perceived as an attempt to exert influence over the Fed [13]. - The future direction of U.S. monetary policy remains uncertain, hinging on the Federal Reserve's assessment of economic conditions despite Trump's pressures [13].

Core Points - The article discusses a political drama involving former President Trump and Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell, focusing on Trump's unexpected visit to the Federal Reserve headquarters and his criticism of the building's renovation costs [1][3]. - Trump's primary objective appears to be gaining control over monetary policy, as he has publicly demanded a significant interest rate cut from the Federal Reserve [4][6]. - The controversy surrounding the renovation costs has been used by Trump's team to question Powell's competence and potentially justify a push for his removal [5][6]. Summary by Sections Political Drama - Trump's visit to the Federal Reserve was marked by absurdity, as he criticized the renovation costs of the building, claiming it was more expensive than the Palace of Versailles, citing a figure of $3.1 billion [3]. - Powell refuted Trump's claims, indicating that the costs included expenses from previous renovations and necessary updates to address hazardous materials [4]. Monetary Policy Control - Trump has been vocal about his desire for a 3% interest rate cut, arguing it could save the U.S. trillions of dollars, but the Federal Reserve has resisted these demands due to inflation concerns related to Trump's tariff policies [4][6]. - The ongoing tension has led to speculation about Powell's potential removal, with Trump’s administration exploring legal avenues to challenge Powell's position [5][6]. Market Reactions - The political drama has caused market instability, with rumors of Powell's dismissal leading to significant fluctuations in U.S. stocks, bonds, and the dollar, while gold prices surged [6]. - As the Federal Reserve's meeting approaches, market attention is focused on whether Powell will implement even a symbolic interest rate cut of 0.25% [8].

聚酯板块周度报告 新纪元期货研究 20250725 张伟伟 从业资格证号：F0269806 投资咨询证号：Z0002796 投资有风险，入市需谨慎 宏观及原油重要资讯一览 市场人士表示，美国特朗普政府准备向委内瑞拉国家石油公司的主要合作伙伴授予新的授权，由雪佛龙开始，允许他们在受到制裁的委内瑞 拉进行有限度的运营。 2 美国总统特朗普宣称已与日本达成贸易协议，对日本进口商品征收15%的关税，日本将向美国投资5500亿美元，并向美国开放汽车、农产品 等相关领域。另有关消息称，美国接近与欧盟达成贸易协议，将对欧洲进口商品征收15%的关税，双方将免除一些产品的关税，包括飞机、 烈酒和医疗设备。 3 国务院副总理何立峰将于7月27日至30日赴瑞典与美方举行经贸会谈，这是继日内瓦和伦敦会谈后的第三次高级别磋商，美国财政部长贝森特、 商务部长卢特尼克和贸易代表格里尔共同参与。 4 EIA数据显示，上周美国原油库存减少320万桶，至4.19亿桶，是分析师预期减少160万桶的两倍。当周，美国汽油库存减少170万桶，此前市 场预期为减少90万桶；包括柴油和取暖油的馏分油库存增加290万桶，此前市场预期为减少10万桶。 5 24 ...