日前发布的《中国国家公园发展报告》显示：第一批国家公园整合各类自然保护地120余处，统筹实施 山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，全面提升国家公园自然生态系统多样性、稳定性、持续性，实 现了野生动植物种群数量的稳步增长。我国坚持系统观念，统筹山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治 理，科学开展大规模国土绿化行动，不断增强生态系统的多样性稳定性持续性，取得了显著成效。 强化顶层设计和制度创新。完善跨区域生态补偿、联合河湖长制等协同机制，推动形成"一盘棋"治理格 局。加强国土空间规划中的生态安全布局，将"三区三线"作为硬约束落实到省市县各级规划中。应推动 建立跨省界、流域、生态功能区的协同立法与联合执法机制，探索设立区域性生态管理局，统筹重大生 态工程建设、生态流量管控与生物多样性保护。健全生态产品价值实现机制，推进自然资源资产产权制 度改革，开展GEP核算试点并推动核算结果在财政转移支付、绿色金融等政策中的应用，实现保护者受 益、使用者付费、破坏者赔偿。 突出科技赋能。构建天空地一体化监测体系，推动大数据、人工智能等技术在生态评估、模拟预测和修 复决策中的应用，提升治理的精准化和智慧化水平。加快建设生态感知物联网和生 ...

山水林田湖草沙各生态要素相互关联、互为依托，共同维系着生态系统的结构完整与功能稳定，每一个 生态系统的退化或缺失都会引起其他生态系统的连锁反应。以山区为例，植被破坏会导致土壤侵蚀，大 量泥沙流入河流，影响河流的水质和生态，甚至威胁下游的农田和城市。治理这类跨要素、跨区域的系 统性生态问题，须整体施策、多要素协同，才能实现生态系统的正向演替和可持续循环。 实践证明，山水林田湖草沙一体化系统治理，是应对复合型生态问题的必然选择。通过系统治理、整体 协同的生态治理模式，可以有效改变过去条块分割的治理思维，解决部分地区生态修复存在的"头痛医 头、脚痛医脚"问题，有望从根本上阻断生态退化链条。自然资源部不久前在全国生态日发布的数据显 示，我国已实施52个山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程，完成保护修复超过830万公顷。此外，我 国森林覆盖率和森林蓄积量连续30多年保持"双增长"，是全球森林资源增长最多和人工造林面积最大的 国家，贡献了全球新增绿化面积的四分之一。 也要看到，一些顽固的症结仍未彻底消除。比如，跨区域、跨部门的协同机制尚不健全，"条块分割、 多头管理"导致规划衔接不畅、目标不一、生态资金分散，难以形成合力； ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the commitment of Mentougou District to ecological civilization and green development, aligning with Xi Jinping's ecological thought and the broader strategy of building a beautiful Beijing [1][2][3]. Group 1: Ecological Protection and Green Development - Mentougou District is focused on ecological protection as a priority, implementing a strategy to strengthen the ecological barrier in the western part of Beijing [1][2]. - The district has closed all coal mines and non-coal mines to address historical environmental damage and promote sustainable development [2]. - The district aims to balance ecological benefits with economic and social benefits, promoting high-tech industries and eco-friendly tourism [4][11]. Group 2: Systematic Ecological Governance - The district adopts a systematic approach to ecological governance, integrating various ecological elements such as mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands [3][8]. - Efforts include comprehensive water ecological governance and biodiversity protection, with initiatives like the "Six Water Connections" project and the establishment of a national-level nature reserve [8][9]. Group 3: Community Engagement and Public Participation - The district emphasizes a people-centered approach in ecological construction, addressing public concerns about environmental issues and promoting green lifestyles [5][14]. - Initiatives include enhancing public awareness of environmental protection and encouraging community participation in ecological conservation [5][14]. Group 4: Economic Transformation and Development - Mentougou District is exploring pathways to convert ecological advantages into economic benefits, focusing on the value realization of ecological products [7][10]. - The district is developing a high-tech industrial system, particularly in artificial intelligence and medical devices, to drive economic transformation [11][12]. Group 5: Achievements and Recognition - The district has received accolades such as being named a national forest city and a "natural oxygen bar," showcasing its successful ecological initiatives [6][10]. - In 2024, the district's tourism revenue reached 4.13 billion, a 34.2% increase year-on-year, indicating successful economic growth linked to ecological tourism [13].

Core Viewpoint - The State Council has approved a comprehensive reform pilot plan for market-oriented allocation of factors in ten regions, including the Beijing urban sub-center and key cities in southern Jiangsu, aiming to enhance the efficiency of resource allocation and promote high-quality development [1][2]. Group 1: Reform Objectives - The pilot will focus on seven major areas: promoting market-oriented allocation of technological factors, improving land allocation efficiency, facilitating the free flow of human resources, accelerating the cultivation of a data factor market, promoting capital market linkage, enhancing the market-oriented allocation system for resource and environmental factors, and improving the overall efficiency of factor coordination [2]. - A total of 24 reform measures have been proposed, including deepening the reform of the technology system, establishing a unified urban-rural construction land market, and innovating capital supply methods [2]. Group 2: Specific Initiatives in Nanjing - The plan emphasizes Nanjing's role in talent recruitment and training, proposing reforms in vocational education and the establishment of a collaborative community for vocational education [3]. - Nanjing and Suzhou are set to develop a smart city brain based on AI and 5G technology, enhancing urban infrastructure and promoting the integration of the internet with advanced manufacturing [3]. - The plan includes exploring digital services and regulatory platforms for asset securitization, with a focus on Nanjing, Wuxi, and Suzhou [3]. - Nanjing and Suzhou will also explore mechanisms for realizing the value of ecological products, focusing on sustainable development practices [3][4]. Group 3: Nanjing's Development Efforts - Nanjing has been actively enhancing its factor abundance through initiatives in human resources, land supply, and financing, while also promoting new production factors such as computing power, data, and green electricity [4].

Core Viewpoint - The development of suburban parks in Suzhou is addressing the increasing demand for outdoor recreational spaces while balancing ecological protection and economic growth [1][2][7]. Group 1: Visitor Trends and Economic Impact - The Yushan Eagle Line Suburban Park received 164,000 visitors during the "May Day" holiday, a year-on-year increase of 41.38%, with total annual visitors exceeding 2.35 million last year, generating nearly 200 million yuan in revenue for local agritourism and homestays [1][7]. - In 2023, Suzhou's suburban parks hosted over 90 outdoor activities, attracting a total of 4.35 million visitors, indicating a positive cycle of ecological and economic benefits [7]. Group 2: Resource Management and Infrastructure Development - Suzhou faces a contradiction between high demand for natural spaces and limited forest resources, leading to a reform in collective forest rights and the establishment of suburban parks [2][4]. - The city has identified 27 potential areas for suburban parks and is focusing on developing nine key mountainous parks this year, integrating ecological health and infrastructure improvements [2][3]. Group 3: Community Engagement and Sustainable Practices - The construction of suburban parks emphasizes ecological priority, public welfare, and resource conservation, with no new construction or increased burdens on local governance [4][5]. - A multi-stakeholder management model has been adopted, involving community participation in activities like trash cleanup and educational programs, fostering a culture of shared responsibility for park sustainability [5][6]. Group 4: Future Developments and Strategic Goals - The second batch of suburban parks is set to launch before the National Day holiday, expanding the green space framework in Suzhou and promoting a three-tier park system [7]. - The integration of collective forest rights reform is seen as a key driver for transforming ecological value into economic benefits, enhancing the harmony between people and nature in Suzhou [7].

厚植林区生态绿色家底 近年来，大兴安岭把森林资源严格保护、科学经营摆在突出位置，完成森林抚育、森林可持续经营、退 化林修复等任务近500万亩，启动实施呼玛河流域等一批区域"双重"工程项目，4处湿地被列入国家重要 湿地名录。同时，常态化开展"兴安绿剑"等检查行动，坚决打击毁林开垦、猎捕野生动物等违法行为， 林区森林资源保持连续增长，森林蓄积量年均增长1000万立方米以上，森林覆盖率达87.7%，生物多样 性更加丰富，野生动物种群数量不断增加，憨态可掬的狍子、活蹦乱跳的驼鹿经常与游客们"偶遇"，绘 就一幅人与自然和谐共生的美好画卷。 近年来，黑龙江省大兴安岭地区认真贯彻党中央决策部署，坚持造林与护林并重，做到未雨绸缪、防患 于未然，推动振兴发展迈出坚实步伐，八万里兴安更加苍翠雄壮，莽莽林海焕发勃勃生机。 构筑森林防火立体防线 大兴安岭广大干部职工将森林防火作为头等大事，在实践中不断深化"地企协同、防扑一体、联防联 控"机制，统筹推进"五统一"标准化体系建设，通过卫星监测、空中巡查、高点瞭望、地面巡护、物联 感知等手段，实时监测万顷山林，依托三维雷电探测、无人机等新技术，为火情精准防控赋能增效，各 区域各单位宁可向 ...

Core Insights - Gansu Province's Zhangye City has developed innovative financial products to leverage ecological resources, including "Water Rights Loan," "Forestry Carbon Sink Expected Income Rights + Forest Rights Pledge Loan," and "GEP Ecological Value Loan" to facilitate the realization of ecological product values [1][2][3] Group 1: Water Rights Loan - Zhangye City addresses the financing difficulties of water service companies by integrating "credit" with "water rights," enabling the transformation of water resources into financial assets [1] - The first "Water Rights Loan" of 5 million yuan was successfully issued to a water service company, alleviating funding challenges and promoting a water-saving society [1] Group 2: Forestry Carbon Sink Financing - The city has introduced a dual pledge model of "Forestry Carbon Sink Expected Income Rights + Forest Rights" to quantify the ecological value of forestry, allowing companies to secure loans against carbon sink expectations [2] - Gansu Shenhe Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. received a loan of 3 million yuan with a 250 basis points interest rate discount, demonstrating the effectiveness of the "carbon for loan" model [2] Group 3: GEP Ecological Value Loan - The "GEP Ecological Value Loan" converts the Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) into credit assets for enterprises, addressing the challenges of valuing and pledging ecological assets [2] - Zhangye City has collaborated with various institutions to establish a standardized GEP assessment mechanism, facilitating the registration of pledges and risk mitigation through credit guarantees [2][3] Group 4: Overall Impact and Future Plans - The integration of credit with ecological resources has enabled Zhangye City to solve financing issues for enterprises while promoting the regularization of green finance supporting ecological product value realization [3] - The city plans to deepen the integration of "credit ecology" to transform more ecological resources into financing for high-quality development [3]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China, in collaboration with the National Financial Regulatory Administration and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, has issued a notice outlining 15 specific measures to enhance financial support for the high-quality development of the forestry sector, addressing the long production cycles and significant investment requirements in forestry [2]. Group 1: Financial Support Measures - The notice proposes to deepen the reform of collective forest rights and improve financial services [3]. - It encourages the expansion of the range of mortgaged forest rights to include young timber, bamboo forests, fruit trees, and other types of forestry [4]. - Financial institutions are urged to increase loan disbursements related to national reserve forests and explore diversified investment mechanisms [9]. Group 2: Financial Products and Services - The notice emphasizes the need for tailored financial products for various forestry management entities, such as family forest farms and cooperatives [10]. - It promotes the integration of production, supply, and sales in the forestry sector, providing differentiated financial services to meet the needs of the forestry industry [11]. - The development of a financial support system for ecological product value realization is highlighted, including methods for assessing the mortgage value of ecological products [12]. Group 3: Policy and Risk Management - The notice calls for the optimization of the policy support system and the establishment of a comprehensive risk management mechanism for forest rights mortgage loans [15][16]. - It encourages the use of monetary policy tools to support financing for forestry enterprises and the issuance of green bonds [15]. - The establishment of a credit promotion system involving financial institutions, guarantee agencies, and government departments is recommended to enhance the overall credit system [16].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the innovative "fish ticket" system in Wan'an County, Jiangxi Province, aimed at transforming ecological fish resources into economic assets, thereby enhancing the income of local fishermen and promoting sustainable development [1][4]. Group 1: Policy and Financial Innovations - The local government is implementing a "fish policy" to facilitate the transformation of the fishing industry, focusing on ecological fish value enhancement and shared prosperity for the community [2][3]. - A comprehensive ecological fish industry research institute has been established, along with a smart management platform to support the sustainable development of the fishing sector [2]. - The People's Bank of China in Ji'an is driving financial support for ecological products through policy guidance and credit empowerment, facilitating the transition to low-carbon fishing practices [3][7]. Group 2: "Fish Ticket" System - The "fish ticket" serves as an asset identification for ecological fish, quantifying their economic and ecological value, and enabling fishermen to access financing [4][5]. - The first "fish ticket" was issued with a value of 105,000 yuan, allowing the holder to improve fish farming practices and increase income through enhanced market prices [4][6]. - The "fish ticket" system includes a buyback guarantee from the local government to mitigate risks for financial institutions, ensuring the sustainability of the financing model [5][6]. Group 3: Financial Performance and Impact - As of June, the total ecological fish loans issued in Wan'an County reached 260 million yuan, marking a year-on-year increase of 24.6%, significantly boosting the local fishing industry's economic output [6][7]. - The establishment of a full ecological fish industry chain has led to an annual production of 6 million pounds of ecological fish, doubling the fishing industry's output value over three years [6][8]. - The local financial institutions have actively engaged in promoting tourism-related financial services, contributing to an increase in visitor numbers and generating 570 million yuan in ecological fish revenue [7][8].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of realizing the value of ecological products as a means to transform "green mountains and clear waters" into "golden mountains and silver mountains," addressing the long-standing challenges of measuring, mortgaging, trading, and monetizing ecological resources [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Group 1: Challenges in Ecological Product Value Realization - "Difficulty in Measurement" refers to the challenges in accurately assessing the value of ecological products, which includes both direct economic value and indirect ecological service value, leading to underestimation [2] - "Difficulty in Mortgaging" highlights the financing bottlenecks faced by ecological industries due to unclear property rights and low market liquidity, making it hard for financial institutions to accept ecological resources as collateral [2][5] - "Difficulty in Trading" points to the inadequacies in the ecological product market, including high transaction costs and information asymmetry, which hinder the promotion and sale of ecological products [3][6] - "Difficulty in Monetization" indicates the challenges in converting the economic value of ecological resources into cash, often due to high initial investment requirements and long project cycles [3][7] Group 2: Recommendations to Overcome Challenges - Establishing a precise assessment system to address the "difficulty in measurement" by creating a scientific and standardized ecological product value assessment framework [4][5] - Improving property rights and financial support systems to break through the "difficulty in mortgaging" by clarifying ownership and enhancing the transparency of property transactions [5][6] - Streamlining the trading chain to tackle the "difficulty in trading" by creating unified trading platforms and enhancing brand recognition for ecological products [6][7] - Developing pathways for monetizing ecological value to resolve the "difficulty in monetization" through better planning, market promotion, and diversification of ecological industries [7]