"十五五"规划建议提出："发展林下经济，壮大林草产业。"从去年写入中央一号文件，到今年首次写入 《政府工作报告》，再到纳入"十五五"规划建议，林下经济、林草产业为什么受到如此多的关注？ 看数据。2024年，全国林草产业总产值达到10.496万亿元，并形成木材加工、经济林、森林旅游、林下 经济4个产值超万亿元的支柱产业。推动"两山"理念转化，推进乡村全面振兴，林下经济和林草产业成 为重要抓手。 权益是基础。绿色发展方式能否持久、稳固，取决于生态产品价值实现是否顺畅。北京出台技术规范， 科学量化生态服务价值；山西健全机制，推动水土保持生态产品价值转化交易；福建厦门探索垃圾分类 碳交易，让居民从绿色生活中获益……健全生态产品价值实现机制和生态补偿机制，让政府有力主导、 企业积极参与、市场有效调节、群众广泛受益，有助于激发全社会参与绿色发展的积极性。 政策是保障。持续优化支持绿色低碳发展的经济政策工具箱，能为绿色发展方式和生活方式提供有力支 撑。在浙江安吉，竹林碳汇改革、创新碳汇收储机制让"竹林空气"变为真金白银。在江西资溪，林业经 营收益权证既稳定了经营者预期，也解决了融资难题。"两山"理念转化的正向循环在改革和政 ...

《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》明确提出，完善多元化生态补偿机 制，因地制宜拓展生态产品价值实现渠道。生态产品价值实现能够把优良的生态优势转化为经济收益， 是落实"两山"理念的重要举措。当前，数字技术正在重塑传统业态模式，对生态产品价值实现的拓展作 用日益显现。加快数字化绿色化协同转型，已然成为生态产品价值实现的未来趋势。 生态产品是自然生态系统与人类生产共同作用所产生的、能够增进人类福祉的产品，也是维系人类生存 发展、满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要的必需品。近年来，我国各地深入开展生态产品价值实现的理 论与实践探索，取得了一定的成绩和经验。然而，由于生态产品的稀缺性、要素复杂性、服务公共性和 价值多维性等特征，在实践中也出现了一些问题。 比如，在资源清查和确权方面，生态产品跨时间、跨空间和多元要素资源整合的复杂特点，为摸清自然 资源资产底数、明晰产权和实时监控带来很大困难。在生产方面，由于农业林业本身智能化水平相对较 低，加之生态环境底子好的产地往往地处偏远，基础设施、人力资源水平等相对落后，使得生态产品规 模化生产受限，产品质量和品牌溢价难以提升。在交易流通方面，一些生态产品受 ...

开展生态产品价值实现与国家战略协同推进行动等，适时编制生态经济发展专项规划。 针对生态产品价值实现存在的"度量难""交易难""变现难""抵押难"等"四难"，多位专家建议，开展生态 产品价值实现与国家战略协同推进行动、与新质生产力协同发展行动等，适时编制生态经济发展专项规 划，全面推动生态产品价值有效实现。 在最新一期《中国工程科学》上，生态环境部环境规划院、中国工程院战略咨询中心的多位专家撰文表 示，建立生态产品价值实现机制，是我国作出的重要战略部署，是一项重大改革任务，是美丽中国建设 的重要保障，是实现碳达峰、碳中和目标的关键支撑要素。但目前，生态产品价值实现面临"四难"的核 心瓶颈问题。 11 月 14 日，云南丽江。玉龙雪山、丽江古城等生态人文产品已成为支撑当地高质量发展的法宝。摄影 / 章轲 不过，实践中还存在一些共性问题。 生态环境部环境规划院生态环境补偿研究中心文一惠等专家在调研中发现，生态产品价值评价各自为 战，缺乏可持续性；生态产品供给与需求不平衡，市场交易存在难度。大部分生态产业集中在生态产品 初级加工、旅游资源开发等初级阶段，没有形成区域发展连带效应；生态产品在上下游的供需关联还未 真正建 ...

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of establishing a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products, which is crucial for achieving harmony between humans and nature [1][2][3] Group 1: Financial Mechanisms and Collaboration - The People's Bank of Yantai has initiated a collaborative governance framework to support the realization of ecological product value, transitioning from fragmented departmental efforts to a system-integrated approach [2] - A long-term cooperation mechanism has been established among various stakeholders, including government and financial institutions, to enhance the financing of ecological products [2][3] - The introduction of policies and reports has laid a theoretical foundation for financial support in specific regions, guiding resources towards key ecological areas [3] Group 2: Financial Product Innovation - Financial institutions in Yantai have developed a comprehensive financial support system that covers all regions, industries, and scenarios, enabling ecological products to be tradable and valued [4] - The innovation of green financial products, such as marine carbon credit loans and ecological environment-oriented development loans, has created a product matrix that facilitates the conversion of ecological resources into economic value [6][7] Group 3: Sustainable Development Mechanisms - The use of monetary policy tools has been crucial in providing low-cost resources to ecological industries, enhancing the capital accessibility of ecological products [8] - Financial institutions are exploring innovative financing products and service models tailored to the unique characteristics of ecological industries, such as carbon credit loans and green development-linked loans [9] - A project database has been established to support sustainable and replicable projects, with significant financial backing provided to selected projects [10]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of establishing a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products, which is crucial for the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature [1] - Yantai is highlighted as a pilot city for this mechanism, showcasing its rich ecological resources and active financial ecosystem, which supports the integration of ecological product value accounting and financial innovation [1] Group 1: Financial Mechanisms and Collaboration - The People's Bank of China in Yantai has shifted from a fragmented departmental approach to a collaborative governance framework, enhancing financial support for ecological product value realization [2] - A long-term cooperation mechanism has been established among various departments and financial institutions to facilitate the financing of ecological products, thereby converting ecological advantages into industrial development advantages [2] Group 2: Policy Development and Incentives - The article discusses the importance of well-defined policies that guide the processes of ecological product value accounting, trading, and financing, which stimulate market participation [3] - Several policy measures have been introduced to direct financial resources towards key ecological areas, addressing challenges in measuring and monetizing ecological assets [3] Group 3: Comprehensive Financial Support - Financial institutions in Yantai have developed a comprehensive financial empowerment system that covers all regions, industries, and scenarios, enabling ecological products to be tradable and valued [4] - Specific loans have been issued for various ecological projects, including a loan of 6.87 billion for a water reservoir and 92 billion for clean energy enterprises, demonstrating extensive financial support for ecological product value realization [4] Group 4: Innovative Financial Products - The article outlines the transition from single product financing to a diverse product matrix, showcasing the development of innovative financial products tailored to different ecological resources [5][6] - New financial products, such as "marine carbon sink loans" and "green + sustainable development linked loans," have been created to enhance the financial attributes of ecological products [6] Group 5: Collaborative Financial Ecosystem - Yantai has moved beyond traditional loan models to create a financial ecosystem that includes loans, insurance, and fiscal subsidies, enhancing the support for ecological product financing [7] - The introduction of various insurance products has provided significant risk coverage, with over 3 billion in policy-based marine aquaculture insurance [7] Group 6: Sustainable Financing Mechanisms - The article highlights the use of monetary policy tools to provide low-cost resources for ecological industries, improving capital accessibility for ecological products [8] - A total of 10.77 billion has been issued in loans and support tools, facilitating approximately 60 billion in loans for green industries and ecological agriculture [8] Group 7: Project Development and Support - The establishment of a project library containing 100 quality projects with ecological and economic value aims to ensure a sustainable supply of projects and precise financial support [10] - Financial support has been provided for 62 projects, with a total credit of 2.36 billion and loans of 870 million, promoting the development of current ecological projects and future sustainability [10]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of realizing the value of ecological products to transform "green mountains and clear waters" into "golden mountains and silver mountains" effectively and sustainably, marking the 20th anniversary of this concept's introduction [1]. Group 1: Regional Ecological Resource Assessment - Accurate understanding of regional ecological resource endowments is crucial, as different regions have varying natural conditions and resource advantages that influence the starting point and direction for value realization [1][2]. - The article highlights that identifying local ecological resources involves a profound transformation in resource exploration, assessment, and value conversion, rather than merely listing resources [1][2]. Group 2: Tailored Strategies for Ecological Product Value Realization - The realization of ecological product value encompasses material supply, ecological regulation, and cultural services, necessitating strategies that align with regional realities to form a unique "resource-asset-capital" value chain [2]. - Specific strategies include promoting eco-friendly agricultural products in less impacted areas, developing tourism and cultural industries in regions rich in cultural heritage, and restoring ecological functions in areas heavily damaged by human activities [2]. Group 3: Systematic Approach and Coordination - A comprehensive and systematic approach is essential to avoid misdirection in ecological product value realization, emphasizing the need to connect all critical nodes from resource confirmation to market regulation [3]. - The article warns against the pitfalls of localized decision-making without overarching planning, which can lead to homogenized competition and ecological system overload [3]. Group 4: Strategic Vision and Long-term Planning - The article calls for a strategic vision that combines local ecological advantages with broader planning to continuously convert ecological strengths into developmental advantages, contributing to a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [4].

Core Insights - The first "China-Portugal" carbon trading transaction took place in Zhuhai, Guangdong, marking a significant step in ecological product value internationalization and green economic cooperation between China and Portuguese-speaking countries [1][2] Group 1: Transaction Details - The transaction involved a combination of local Zhuhai species carbon credits from the golden beach tamarisk and internationally certified carbon credits from Portuguese-speaking countries, successfully listed on the Macau International Carbon Emission Trading Exchange [1] - Zhuhai Jinwan Enterprise, Maike Hotel, purchased the carbon credit combination specifically for the low-carbon hotel project for the 15th National Games, aiming to offset operational carbon emissions [1] Group 2: Research and Development Support - The transaction was supported by the South China Sea Ecological Center's blue carbon research achievements, which focused on the unique golden beach tamarisk ecosystem in Nanshui Town, Zhuhai [1] - The center has been actively conducting research on carbon credit measurement methodologies, mechanisms, and trading systems, successfully quantifying the carbon credits from the golden beach tamarisk for this transaction [1] Group 3: Future Implications - This successful transaction serves as a "Guangdong model" for the market-oriented utilization of blue carbon resources, providing a practical case for expanding ecological product value realization channels [2] - The South China Sea Ecological Center plans to continue deepening blue carbon scientific research and standardizing measurement methodologies in collaboration with various parties, contributing to high-level ecological protection and quality development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area [2]

本报记者 张骜 "门头沟区正成为让'在者舒心、来者倾心、未来者动心'的'京西福地'。"昨天，在北京市"一把手发布·京 华巡礼"系列主题新闻发布会上，门头沟区委副书记、代理区长吕鸣表示。 吕鸣介绍，"十四五"以来，门头沟区大力实施"生态立区、文化兴区、科技强区"发展战略，统筹推进灾 后恢复重建与绿色高质量转型发展。目前，全区生态涵养能力显著提升、经济发展动能加快转换、文旅 休闲魅力日益彰显、安全韧性水平全面增强、城乡融合发展纵深推进、民生福祉保障持续改善，首都发 展重要门户功能更加强化。 成为全国首批"深化气候适应型试点城市" 作为首都生态涵养区之一，门头沟大力实施"生态立区"发展战略，获评国家森林城市、中国天然氧吧， 成为全国首批"深化气候适应型试点城市"和生态环境部"2024年真抓实干成效明显地方"。 目前，门头沟全区PM2.5平均浓度降至23.6微克每立方米，较2020年下降了26.3%。地下水水位连续7年 回升，最高点位近25米，地表水市考断面优良率达100%。 作为北京乡土文化资源最密集、最具代表性和典型性的地区，门头沟坚持"文化兴区"发展战略，让这片 京西热土更具诗情画意。 通过创建全市公共文化服务 ...

Group 1 - The 2025 World Forestry Conference will be held from November 21 to 23 in Nanning, focusing on "Smart Empowerment for High-Quality Development of the Forestry Industry" [1] - The conference will attract over 30 countries' forestry officials, representatives from international organizations, and more than 200 renowned domestic and foreign enterprises [1][2] - High-level forums will be organized to discuss cutting-edge topics such as ecological product value realization and the application of bio-based new materials [1] Group 2 - The 2025 Guangxi International Forestry and Wood Products Exhibition will take place from November 22 to 24, covering an exhibition area of 55,000 square meters and featuring over 1,000 quality enterprises [2] - The exhibition will include 14 themed exhibition areas and will showcase smart elements like drone patrols and AI-driven furniture manufacturing solutions [2] - Guangxi's forestry and grassland industry is projected to reach a total output value of 1.07 trillion yuan in 2024, highlighting its status as a national forest resource-rich area [2]

Core Viewpoint - China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group (China Energy Conservation) has made significant progress in enhancing the efficiency of ecological resource conversion through innovative exploration of mechanisms and pathways for realizing the value of ecological products, contributing to the wisdom and strength of state-owned enterprises [1] Group 1: Green Transformation of Industry - Promoting the realization of ecological product value is crucial for driving the green transformation of industrial structure, with related industries becoming new growth poles for development [1] - High-quality ecological agricultural products, eco-tourism, and clean energy are forming scaled industrial clusters through market-oriented operations and branding [1] - New business formats such as organic agriculture, ecological health care, and carbon neutrality services are emerging, supporting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure [1] Group 2: Regional Green Collaborative Development - Cross-regional ecological compensation and industrial cooperation effectively integrate regional ecological resources, promoting overall ecosystem protection and restoration [2] - Different regions are developing characteristic ecological industries based on their resource endowments, such as eco-tourism and clean energy in the west, ecological industry clusters in the central region, and high-end ecological product industries in the east [2] Group 3: Ecological Priority and Green Development - The realization of ecological product value is reconstructing the value concept and evaluation system of industrial development, shifting from a GDP-centric evaluation to a dual evaluation system of "ecology + economy" [2] - More regions are exploring a dual assessment mechanism of Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) and GDP, incorporating ecological product value into the economic accounting system [2] Group 4: Innovative Development Systems - China Energy Conservation is exploring various industrial landing models tailored to urbanization areas, agricultural product areas, and ecological conservation areas, achieving good results [3] - The company is innovating through models like "pollution control + ecological product development" and "renewable energy + ecological agriculture" to promote coordinated progress between ecological protection and economic development [3] Group 5: Supporting Rural Revitalization - The company is promoting the integration of clean energy and modern agriculture through the "photovoltaic + smart agriculture" model, effectively driving local industry development and farmer employment [5] - Demonstration projects like the 20 MW photovoltaic agricultural greenhouse in Shaanxi and the 20 MW photovoltaic agricultural technology greenhouse in Shandong showcase the potential for rural development through green infrastructure upgrades [5] Group 6: Challenges and Recommendations - The realization of ecological product value faces challenges such as an imperfect policy system, insufficient technical talent, and weak operational entities [6] - Recommendations include enhancing fiscal and financial policy support, strengthening technological and talent support, and expanding the strength of operational entities to address these challenges [6][7]