作为"全球南方"中最大的两个国家，中印既是"全球南方"合作取得成效的最关键因素，也是最不稳定因 素。然而，在明确将中国视为印度崛起进程中"最大外部阻力"的背景下，印度的"全球南方"政策已经出 现"去中国化"的倾向。 与此同时，国际社会日益出现越来越多的"中印两个亚洲大国争夺全球南方"的声音。在此背景下，如何 理解印度"全球南方"政策排斥中国的行为逻辑？中印是否在"全球南方"问题上陷入了代表之争？中印之 争会对"全球南方"产生什么样的影响？ 中印与"全球南方"的历史渊源 "全球南方"诞生于二战后的全球非殖民化浪潮，这一国家群体普遍抵制霸权主义和强权政治，其行动能 够跨越区域乃至洲际限制，形成全球范围的多边协调与联动效应，它的发展经历过万隆会议、不结盟运 动和77国集团数轮高潮。冷战结束后，"全球南方"概念一度沉寂，进入21世纪后尤其俄乌冲突爆发后重 新受到关注。作为"全球南方"最大的两个国家，中印与"全球南方"的历史渊源也围绕着几轮高潮展开， 并随着国际形势的变化而起伏。 （一）萌芽期：从20世纪50~60年代到冷战结束 "全球南方"通常是非洲、亚洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比等地区发展中国家的简称，其产生根植于冷战时期 ...

Core Viewpoint - The complementarity of agriculture between Uruguay and China provides opportunities for mutual benefit and opens new pathways for South-South cooperation [1][3] Group 1: Agricultural Cooperation - The visit of Uruguay's Minister of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries, Luis Alfredo Fratti, aimed to strengthen cooperation in agriculture, livestock, and fisheries between Uruguay and China [1] - The third meeting of the China-Uruguay Agricultural Joint Committee was held in Jilin Province, and Uruguayan agricultural products were promoted at the SIAL International Food Exhibition in Shanghai [1] - In November 2023, both countries decided to elevate their bilateral relationship to a comprehensive strategic partnership, which is significant for the agricultural sector [1] Group 2: Strengths and Opportunities - Uruguay has notable advantages in cattle farming, including superior cattle breeds and a top-notch traceability system covering 100% of its cattle population [2] - Beef has become a star product for Uruguay in the Chinese market, with plans to establish a joint laboratory for sustainable beef production and breeding [2] - China has a long history and mature technology in soybean cultivation, leading to the establishment of a joint laboratory for developing new soybean varieties suitable for both countries [2] Group 3: Sustainable Development - Both countries are committed to environmental protection and sustainable development goals, with multiple cooperation directions in sustainable agriculture [2] - Uruguay recently joined the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization based in China, aiming to enhance bamboo production and its sustainable applications [2] - The initiative "Belt and Road" has been recognized by Uruguay as a significant opportunity for development, particularly in agriculture, positioning the country as a high-quality and reliable food supplier [2]

立足发展新阶段，中拉亟待突破地理边界束缚，推动制度创新与治理协同。在培育数字经济、绿色转型 等新赛道新增长点的同时，积极构建规则共商、风险共担、成果共享的机制化框架，以发展中国家实践 重塑全球治理体系。 推动基础设施互联互通向软联通升级。在完善港口、铁路等传统基建的同时，重点推进数字基础设施标 准互认、跨境支付系统对接等制度性基建。推动中拉电商平台数据互通、物流网络共享，打造数字丝绸 之路关键节点。秘鲁钱凯港的智慧码头管理系统、阿根廷锂矿区的无人运输网络等示范项目，已展现 出"硬基建数字化、软基建实体化"的融合趋势。下一步可建立中拉数字认证中心，统一电子签名、数据 加密等技术标准，降低数字贸易制度性成本。 推动产业合作向价值链高端攀升。建立中拉新兴产业合作园区，聚焦人工智能、生物医药等前沿领域， 形成研发—转化—应用的全链条合作。创新投融资模式，探索主权财富基金联合投资、跨境产业链金融 等工具，突破高技术产业合作中的资本瓶颈。今后，可探索设立中拉技术转移基金，支持联合实验室建 设，促进中国的应用创新优势与拉美的资源禀赋深度结合。 中国携手拉美国家突破地理阻隔，凝聚共同发展共识，在数字经济、绿色转型等全球议题上 ...

2025年5月17-18日，2025清华五道口全球金融论坛在深圳市成功召开。主题讨论五以"绿色发展的机遇与 挑战"为主题，清华大学五道口金融学院讲席教授、绿色金融研究中心主任鞠建东，巴西央行前副行 长、国际清算银行前副总经理路易斯·佩雷拉·达席尔瓦，联合国全球契约组织驻华代表刘萌，马里前矿 业能源和水利部部长、前塞内加尔河流域开发组织负责人哈马德·塞梅加等嘉宾发表主题演讲。 论坛由法国桥智库主席周瑞主持，来自60余国的500余名政商学界代表现场参会，共同探讨绿色金融的 全球协作路径。 鞠建东 清华大学五道口金融学院讲席教授 鞠建东在演讲中直面气候危机挑战，指出全球气温升幅已突破1.5℃，若延续现有趋势，2060年或 将面临升温4℃的灾难性后果。他提出三点核心建议：一是通过南南合作对冲发达国家绿色需求下 滑，中国应成为引领力量；二是政府需以担保机制确保绿色项目投资回报率，吸引国际资本参 与；三是推动多边开发银行与新兴市场协作，解决绿色能源供需错配问题。 他强调，在发达国家绿色需求下滑的背景下，中国需通过南南合作引领新兴市场并形成正向需 求。他以非洲绿电项目为例，提出政府应通过担保机制确保年化3%-4%的投资回报 ...

中国—拉美和加勒比国家共同体论坛第四届部长级会议5月13日在北京举行。本届会议正值中拉论坛正 式运行10周年之际，吸引了国际社会广泛关注。多家外媒发文积极评价中拉论坛10年来取得的丰硕成果 以及本届会议达成的重要共识，称赞中拉务实合作造福世界。 五大工程是推动中拉合作的务实举措 2015年，中拉论坛成立。10年来，在元首外交战略引领和双方精心培育下，中拉论坛已经从一棵稚嫩幼 苗长成挺拔大树。 德国之声网站近日报道称，多位拉美国家领导人和官员到访北京参加本届会议。近年来，中国加强了与 拉美国家的合作。多个拉美国家加入了共建"一带一路"倡议，中国是巴西、秘鲁和智利等国的最大贸易 伙伴。 阿根廷《第十二页报》发文指出，中拉论坛10年来结出累累硕果。对中国而言，地理距离不是障碍，中 拉始终平等互信，铸就了团结协作、友好互助的深厚情谊。目前，中国正致力于深化这条南南合作共赢 之路。 本届会议期间，中方宣布愿同拉方携手启动"团结工程""发展工程""文明工程""和平工程""民心工程"五 大工程，共同落实三大全球倡议。会议通过多份成果文件，涉及双方在科技创新、经贸投资、人工智 图为在厄瓜多尔首都基多，人们体验宇通双源无轨电车 ...

Core Points - The 34th Arab League Summit was held in Baghdad, where President Xi Jinping praised the contributions of the Arab League over the past 80 years and emphasized China's commitment to deepening political trust and cooperation with Arab countries [1] - China and Arab nations are experiencing a robust development in their relationship, characterized by deepening political trust, steady economic exchanges, and increasing cultural interactions [1][2] - The first China-Arab States Summit was successfully held in December 2022, with plans for a second summit in 2026 in China, marking a significant milestone in China-Arab relations [1][2] Economic Cooperation - China and Arab countries are expanding their energy cooperation, with Chinese enterprises actively participating in infrastructure projects in Arab nations, contributing to regional development [2] - Collaboration in high-tech and green development sectors, including 5G communication, artificial intelligence, and renewable energy, is deepening [2] Cultural Exchange - The popularity of the Chinese language and traditional Chinese medicine is growing in the Arab world, with various youth, education, and tourism exchange programs being implemented [2] Political Stance - China advocates for the "two-state solution" regarding the Palestinian issue and promotes political dialogue to resolve regional conflicts, earning respect from Arab nations [3] - The spirit of "mutual support, equal benefit, and inclusive learning" is emphasized as a foundation for China-Arab friendship [3] Future Outlook - The construction of a new era of the China-Arab community of shared destiny is expected to enhance stability in the Middle East and contribute to global peace and development [4]

Core Points - The 20th International Mushroom Grass Industry Development Seminar was held in Fuzhou, China, focusing on the implementation of the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda and promoting the global mushroom grass industry [1] - Over 300 representatives from 39 countries attended the seminar, sharing experiences on how mushroom grass technology contributes to poverty alleviation, job creation, food security, ecological safety, and industrial development [1] Group 1 - Mushroom grass technology, a unique Chinese innovation developed over 40 years, has expanded into six major fields, forming a comprehensive scientific and industrial development system [1] - The technology has been recognized as a key project under the "China-UN Peace and Development Fund" since May 2017, aimed at global promotion [1] - The Director of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs highlighted that mushroom grass technology serves as an effective ecological agricultural solution for global poverty reduction and ecological governance [1] Group 2 - Representatives from various countries shared localized practices of mushroom grass technology, with Papua New Guinea's Deputy Governor emphasizing its integration into local development strategies [2] - Sri Lanka is establishing a "Mushroom Grass Growers Association" to promote the technology nationwide, indicating its potential benefits for agriculture and livestock [2] - A draft of the "Global Development Cooperation Initiative for Mushroom Grass" was presented, calling for developing countries to incorporate mushroom grass into green development plans and poverty alleviation actions [2] Group 3 - The seminar will last for three days, including academic exchanges and field visits to observe the ecological circular industry development of mushroom grass in various regions [3]

Group 1 - Chilean President Boric's visit to China marks a new chapter in China-Chile cooperation, with multiple bilateral cooperation agreements signed in various fields [1] - China has been Chile's largest trading partner for several years, with Chile being China's third-largest trading partner in Latin America [1][3] - In 2024, the bilateral trade volume between China and Chile is projected to reach $61.69 billion, which is 8.6 times the volume before the China-Chile Free Trade Agreement came into effect [2] Group 2 - The bilateral trade between China and Chile has shown significant growth, with a historical high of 163.19 billion yuan in the first four months of this year, a year-on-year increase of 5.4% [3] - Chilean cherries are particularly popular in China, especially during the Chinese New Year, due to their quality and flavor [4] - There is potential for further growth in high-tech products such as machinery and electronics in the bilateral trade between China and Chile [5] Group 3 - Chinese investments in Chile have rapidly increased, particularly in infrastructure, energy, agriculture, and mining sectors, with a direct investment stock of approximately $1.6 billion by the end of 2023 [5] - Both countries are looking to deepen cooperation in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence and green energy [6] - The collaboration between China and Chile is seen as significant in the context of current geopolitical tensions, with both countries aiming to enhance their economic and strategic goals through cooperation [6]

Core Points - Brazil aims to deepen cooperation with China and other Global South countries to promote a more equitable, inclusive, and diverse international system [1][3] - The visit of Brazilian President Lula to China is a significant diplomatic action that strengthens the foundation of the Brazil-China comprehensive strategic partnership [1][2] - Brazil has historically advocated for the democratization of global governance and emphasizes enhancing the voice and influence of developing countries through South-South cooperation [2][3] Summary by Sections Brazil-China Relations - The historical meeting between President Lula and President Xi Jinping last November resulted in milestone achievements, setting a grand blueprint for new developments in bilateral relations [1] - Brazil and China have expanded cooperation into various fields such as agriculture, energy, infrastructure, technology innovation, and aerospace [2] - China has been Brazil's largest trading partner since 2009, highlighting the importance of their economic relationship [2] Climate Change and Green Energy - Brazil is set to host the 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, emphasizing the importance of climate issues [2] - Both countries have a strong foundation for cooperation in climate change response, green energy development, and carbon market mechanisms [2] Global Governance and South-South Cooperation - China's global development, security, and civilization initiatives have gained widespread international response, enhancing China's international discourse power [3] - Brazil and China maintain close communication within the United Nations framework and support each other on issues like World Trade Organization reform and representation of Global South countries in international financial institutions [3] - Lula's visit to China marks a significant milestone in Brazil's diplomacy, signaling a desire to deepen cooperation with Global South countries [3]

"美国将关税作为武器，意图使各国作出超越贸易领域的让步……我们必须提醒发展中国家：如果不作出有力回应，这种情况很可能会发 生。"在全球贸易体系面临重大挑战之际，南方中心执行主任卡洛斯·科雷亚日前接受新华社记者专访时说。 0:00 科雷亚表示，美国实施的单边关税政策正对发展中国家、尤其是最脆弱的欠发达国家造成严重后果，包括就业岗位减少、出口机会降低、债务 水平上升以及财政压力加大等。 科雷亚呼吁发展中国家加强合作，"共同应对由单一国家制造的危局"。他说："发展中国家必须团结一致，以既维护本国利益又兼顾集体利益 的方式作出回应。"他强调，南南合作至关重要，唯有通过对话与协作，才能切实维护国际社会共同利益。 "我们给发展中国家的建议仍然是：不要回避对话，但必须坚决捍卫自身利益，捍卫一个真正有效的多边贸易体系，捍卫一个服务于所有各方 经济发展的体系。"科雷亚说。 科雷亚表示，以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体系依然拥有最完备的协调与争端解决机制。他建议发展中国家积极参与世贸组织内部改革， 提高决策的透明度与包容性，以增强这一平台的公信力和执行力。"我们希望这些改革能够实现，同时南南合作也能不断加深。" 作为一个总部设于 ...