外汇储备与财政收入的刚性需求，进一步压缩了俄罗斯的选择空间。截至2025年5月，俄罗斯外汇储备 中仍有大量非美元资产依赖国际市场流通，黄金储备虽占比超30%，却难以快速变现补充现金流。能源 出口作为财政支柱，2024年石油相关税收达9.19万亿卢布，而这些收入的结算仍高度依赖美元通道。此 前俄气银行被制裁导致卢布暴跌的教训表明，切断美元结算将直接冲击经济稳定 。在俄乌冲突持续消 耗的背景下，普京政府必须优先保障现金流，而非固守意识形态化的货币口号。 这种调整本质上是外交博弈的战术缓冲，而非战略投降。普京的表态与军控领域的示好形成呼应——就 在此前一个月，俄罗斯提出即便《新削减战略武器条约》到期，仍愿遵守条款一年。这一系列动作共同 构成对美缓和信号：在乌克兰问题寸步不让的同时，通过货币、军控等领域的有限退让，为制裁松绑谈 判保留窗口。毕竟美国解除制裁的可能性大于欧盟，而恢复美元结算通道能直接缓解俄罗斯的贸易支付 困境。 外界将其解读为"退缩"，实则误解了去美元化的本质。普京从未放弃长期目标：俄罗斯仍在推动金砖国 家跨境支付系统建设，与越南60%贸易已实现本币结算，还将加密货币纳入跨境交易选项 。此次"改 口"只 ...

据悉，早在2022年9月份，印尼驻俄罗斯大使何塞·塔瓦雷斯就曾在参加东方经济论坛期间，对外声称印尼正在和俄罗斯就本币贸易结算问题进行谈判。 根据俄新社10月3日报道，印度尼西亚贸易部长布迪・桑托索证实，该国已准备好与俄罗斯展开本币结算，即取消或是减少使用美元等货币，改为直接使 用印尼盾与俄罗斯卢布进行交易。 印尼作为东南亚第一大国，人口总量位居世界第四位，2024年GDP排名全球第十六位，俄罗斯若能与印尼落实本币结算机制，对于美国来说，无疑是个晴 天霹雳。 自2022年俄乌战争爆发，美西方国家对俄罗斯进行严厉金融制裁后，不仅是俄罗斯，全球多个新兴市场国家都出现了"去美元化"的趋势，印尼在这方面算 行动力较为积极的国家之一。 印尼在准备俄罗斯进行本币结算前，就已经开展了与中国、日本和泰国等国进行本币结算，伴随着两国贸易规模大幅增加，印尼也在过去3年里，与俄罗 斯进行了多轮协商与谈判。 美元虽然仍保持着「世界货币」的身份，欧元的价值也不赖，但从他们对待俄罗斯的违法操作来看，谁又能保障自己的下场，不会是第二个俄罗斯。 目前印尼和俄罗斯尚未真正落实本币结算机制，但是从最新的进程来看，既然印尼都已经做好了充足准备，想必 ...

国际货币基金组织（IMF）周三表示，今年第二季度，美元在全球外汇储备中的占比降至三十年来的最低水 平，这一变化主要受汇率波动影响，而非各国央行主动抛售。 2025年上半年，美元兑主要货币下跌超过10%，创下1973年以来最糟糕的开局表现。这一创纪录的下跌与美 元作为传统避险资产的角色形成了鲜明对比，引发市场对美元汇率走势的关注。 2022年，俄罗斯多家金融机构被切断与西方金融体系的联系后，加快了脱离美元和欧元的步伐，开始使用本 国货币与国际伙伴进行贸易往来。 这一趋势得到金砖国家的日益支持，这些国家已逐步不再使用西方货币进行贸易结算，在能源、矿产等大宗 商品交易中积极推进本币结算机制。 报告显示，4月至6月期间，美元占已分配外汇储备的比例为56.3%，较上一季度下降1.5个百分点，创下1995 年以来的最低纪录。截至6月底，全球外汇储备总额为12.03万亿美元。 金砖国家主要经济体减少对美元依赖的重要原因在于，美元被武器化用于制裁，迫使企业不得不寻找替代支 付方式，以规避交易受限和资产冻结等风险，这种基于现实需求的调整进一步推动了去美元化进程的发展。 IMF研究人员格伦·昆德、艾琳·内菲和卡洛斯·桑切斯-穆尼 ...

2025年10月，一场关于大豆和美元的国际博弈，正在悄然牵动全球神经。特朗普突然宣布月底将与中方 高层会面，这原本就足够引人注目，但更令人玩味的是，普京几乎在同一时间点"改口"，公开表态"我 们不反美元"。 一边是急着卖豆的美国总统，另一边是曾誓言"去美元化"的俄罗斯领导人突然松口，这两股看似风马牛 不相及的力量，竟在APEC峰会前出现了交集。 特朗普当然知道事态严重。他在社交平台上火速发文，说"为谈判考量而暂停采购"，并放话"四周后会 晤重点议题"。这不是随口应付，而是一次急切的政治表态。他得让农民看到希望，哪怕只是一种姿 态。 但问题在于，这场会晤目前是特朗普单方面宣布的，中方并未正面回应，只表示"保持沟通"。而这份含 蓄和低调背后，中国其实早已做好准备。 海关数据显示，中国9月大豆进口量创下历史新高，接近1400万吨。这不是一时冲动，而是战略储备。 简单说，就是提前把粮草备足，防止后续谈判被"卡脖子"。 更关键的是，中国市场早已不再依赖单一来源。巴西、阿根廷的大豆不仅便宜，质量也不差。面对价格 战，中国有得选，也有得谈。这一动一静之间，谁急谁稳，谁掌握主动，再清楚不过。 普京改口，不是认怂，是算账 这不 ...

最近黄金市场可真是炸开了锅！国际金价一路狂飙，直接冲上了每盎司3822美元的历史最高点，一天之内就涨了62美元。这消息一出，整个市场都沸腾了。 但奇怪的是，金价越是涨得猛，街边的金店却越是冷清。这不，不少金店店长都在诉苦：店里一个顾客都没有，手上的黄金根本卖不出去！ 说起来，这波黄金大涨来得真是猝不及防。连特朗普都连夜召开紧急会议，生怕美国政府因为这波金价波动而关门。但就在国际金价节节攀升的同时，国内 的金店却迎来了一股"闭店潮"。有的金店一个月都开不了一单，有的甚至出现了老板卷款跑路的情况。这不，连周大福这样的老牌金店都顶不住了，不仅深 圳工厂要停工，还要整体搬厂。 但这还不是最关键的。真正推动金价上涨的"超级买家"，其实是各国央行。现在全球都在搞"去美元化"，各国央行都在拼命增持黄金。咱们中国央行已经连 续18个月在买黄金，现在是全球买入黄金最多的国家。要知道，我们国家本来就是黄金产量大国，最近在莱西还发现了储量超1亿吨的金矿，再加上现有的 2330吨黄金储备，全球排名第三。这么多国家央行一起买黄金，金价能不涨吗？ 说到这里，你可能就明白了：原来推动金价上涨的和去金店买首饰的，根本就不是同一拨人！金店主要 ...

Core Viewpoint - Putin's recent statements at the Valdai Conference regarding "de-dollarization" have sparked widespread discussion, revealing that Russia is not actively cutting ties with the dollar but is instead being forced into this position by the U.S. exclusion [1][4]. Group 1: Putin's Position on Dollarization - Putin clarified that Russia is not conducting an anti-dollar campaign or planning a de-dollarization strategy, but is compelled to use its own currency due to the lack of opportunities to transact in dollars [4][9]. - The perception that Russia is abandoning the dollar is misleading; rather, it is a reaction to U.S. actions that have excluded Russia from the dollar payment system [4][6]. Group 2: U.S. Influence and Reactions - The U.S. has maintained its dollar hegemony through sanctions, which, while aimed at Russia, may ultimately threaten the dollar's stability as more countries seek alternative settlement methods [12]. - Trump's administration has been particularly sensitive to the de-dollarization issue, threatening countries that challenge the dollar's dominance with tariffs [4][6]. Group 3: Russia's Economic Reality - Despite the push for local currency settlements, Russia's economy still relies significantly on the dollar and euro, as trade with countries like India presents challenges due to currency liquidity issues [6][7]. - The use of the yuan is limited, primarily for imports from China, and India is reluctant to use the yuan for settlements due to competitive dynamics with China [7][9]. Group 4: Long-term Implications - Putin's cautious approach is a strategic move to avoid escalating tensions with the U.S. while subtly shifting the blame for Russia's economic situation back to American policies [6][9]. - The ongoing trend of countries seeking alternatives to the dollar could lead to a significant shift in the international financial landscape, potentially undermining the dollar's long-term dominance [12].

Group 1 - The Chinese government has amended maritime regulations allowing for retaliatory charges against foreign vessels entering Chinese ports, a move seen as a direct response to the U.S. plans to impose high port taxes on Chinese-made ships [1] - Starting October 1, Australia will sell iron ore to China using RMB instead of USD, marking a significant shift in trade practices as over 70% of Australia's iron ore is sold to China, indicating a willingness to adapt to maintain business continuity [3] - China's strategy involves reducing reliance on the USD by engaging in trade with countries like Russia, Iran, and Southeast Asian nations using their own currencies, with daily RMB cross-border payment transactions exceeding 400 billion [3] Group 2 - China possesses significant leverage in global shipping, controlling the largest fleet and ports, and can retaliate against U.S. tax measures by restricting access to major ports like Qingdao and Ningbo or by increasing fees, effectively using port access as a bargaining tool [5] - The shift to RMB for transactions is being closely monitored by resource-exporting countries such as Indonesia, Chile, and South Africa, as those who adopt RMB for trade may secure more stable contracts, indicating a gradual transition to a new trading system [5] - China's approach focuses on building a robust network of RMB transactions through ports and shipping, laying the groundwork for a more independent economic framework that challenges U.S. dollar dominance [5]

几天后，特朗普直接对巴西宣布加征50%的关税，解释道："金砖国家本身并不是威胁，但他们正在削弱美元的主导地位，试图推动新的国际货币规则。如 果美元失去全球储备货币的地位，美国将遭遇巨大的损失。我作为总统，必须维护美元在全球的主导地位，这绝不会在我的任内发生。" 普京为何在"去美元化"问题上改口，俄罗斯在关键时刻为何选择退缩？ 近期，俄罗斯总统普京在"瓦尔代"国际辩论俱乐部的讲话中指出，俄罗斯并没有实施"去美元化"政策，也没有组织相关运动。他解释道，俄罗斯并非主动放 弃美元，而是因为"在国际上无法使用美元支付"，因此才选择使用本国货币进行交易。 他进一步回应了特朗普关于金砖国家"去美元化"的指控，强调金砖国家的政策仅与其自身成员国相关，不会对任何第三方施加此类措施。普京明确表 示："我们没有反美元的政策，也没有去美元的运动。我们完全没有！我们只是被阻止使用美元，因此只能转向本国货币。" 从中可以看出，尽管美俄关系僵局重重，普京并不希望在这个问题上与特朗普产生直接冲突，特别是在当前美国对俄罗斯的制裁背景下。普京深知"去美元 化"是特朗普非常敏感的外交议题之一，因此在公开讲话时选择了尽量避免激怒特朗普，为日后可能的 ...

来源：环球网 【环球网财经综合报道】在今年金价上涨背景下，黄金主题投资吸引了外资的关注。据彭博社援引的数 据，明晟公司（MSCI Inc.）编制的全球黄金股指数今年上涨了约135%，与贵金属价格的涨势同步。该 指数有望创下相对于明晟公司编制的主要全球半导体企业指数的最大年度超额收益纪录，后者今年涨幅 为40%。 | Bloomberg | | | --- | --- | | · Live TV Markets > Economics Industries Tech Politics Businessweek Opinion More > | | | Gold: How to Invest Why Now Illegal Mining Gold-Rush Fever | | | Markets | Gold Stocks Trounce Al-Led Chip | | Rally With 135% Gain in 2025 | | 悉尼Van Eck Associates Corp. 跨资产投资策略师安娜·吴（Anna Wu）表示，"黄金和黄金矿业股是我最 看好的中期主题投资之一。黄金具有避险吸引力，而黄金矿 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has escalated its actions against BHP by requesting domestic steel mills to halt any new contracts for iron ore priced in US dollars, indicating a shift towards local currency transactions and a broader strategy to reduce reliance on the US dollar in commodity trade [1][3]. Group 1: Trade Dynamics - The ban on new dollar-denominated contracts follows China's earlier suspension of purchases of BHP's iron ore, marking a significant escalation in trade tensions between China and Australia [1][3]. - Australia’s Prime Minister Albanese expressed disappointment over China's decision, emphasizing the importance of iron ore trade for both economies and acknowledging the frequent price negotiation disputes [3][15]. Group 2: Historical Context - China's involvement in international iron ore negotiations began in 2004, but it has historically been in a position of accepting rules set by international miners [3][5]. - The price of iron ore saw significant increases from 2005 to 2008, with a cumulative rise of 165% over four years, highlighting the challenges faced by Chinese steel companies in negotiating prices [5]. Group 3: Shift to Local Currency - The establishment of China Mineral Resources Group in 2022 aimed to consolidate purchasing power among domestic steel mills to challenge the pricing dominance of international miners [6]. - BHP's acceptance of RMB for iron ore transactions in 2022 marked a pivotal moment in the shift towards local currency settlements, with previous attempts to use RMB dating back to 2019 [6][11]. Group 4: Global De-dollarization Trends - The global trend of de-dollarization has gained momentum, with countries like Brazil and Argentina moving towards local currency trade agreements with China [8]. - The share of the US dollar in global foreign exchange reserves has decreased to 58.4%, the lowest since 1995, reflecting a growing distrust in the dollar [8][13]. Group 5: Supply Chain Diversification - China's strategy to diversify iron ore supply includes the development of the Ximangdu iron ore project, expected to add 120 million tons of annual supply capacity [10]. - The domestic recycling of scrap steel is being accelerated, with each ton of scrap steel replacing 1.6 tons of iron ore, contributing to reduced carbon emissions [10]. Group 6: Market Implications - In 2023, China's iron ore imports are projected to reach 370 million tons, accounting for over 75% of global seaborne trade, making China a critical market for Australian iron ore exports [11]. - If China were to cease orders from BHP, the company could face a significant revenue shortfall, given that 80% of its iron ore exports are directed to China [11][15]. Group 7: Financial Market Reactions - The rising costs of domestic iron ore procurement for large steel enterprises have increased by 64% year-on-year, indicating the direct impact of international price fluctuations on the domestic industry [17]. - The shift in procurement strategies aims to leverage economies of scale to mitigate price volatility in the iron ore market [17].