新华社北京12月5日电 题：扩大高水平对外开放 加快建设强大国内市场——访商务部党组书记、部长王 文涛 新华社记者谢希瑶 答："十五五"时期是基本实现社会主义现代化夯实基础、全面发力的关键时期，扩大高水平对外开放具 有重大意义。 ——扩大高水平对外开放，是全面推动高质量发展的强大动力。"十五五"时期，我国发展面临的战略机 遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多，要求我们积极识变应变求变，用好发展机遇、潜力和优 势，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，因地制宜发展新质生产力，着力推动高质量 发展。扩大高水平对外开放，发挥以开放促改革促发展的重要法宝作用，可以增强国内国际两个市场、 两种资源联动效应，推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长。 ——扩大高水平对外开放，是满足人民美好生活需要的内在要求。对外开放同人民群众生产生活息息相 关，2024年有进出口实绩的外贸企业近70万家，存量外资企业近50万家，外贸外资直接和间接带动就业 人口超过2亿人，大量优质进口促进了产业升级和消费升级。"十五五"时期，对外开放在稳增长、稳就 业、惠民生中仍将发挥重要作用。扩大高水平对外开放，把开放的蛋糕做大分好，有助于不 ...

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a unified national market is a significant decision made by the central government, with various regions in Henan actively participating in this initiative during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [4][5]. Group 1: Initiatives by Chengming Food Industrial Park - Chengming Food Industrial Park has adopted the "321 production linkage" model, aiming to become the largest hot pot and barbecue ingredient base in Central China within five years [5][6]. - The park has successfully incubated nearly 10 champion enterprises in various categories, leveraging three ecological platforms for integrated supply and demand [5][6]. - The Chengming model has been replicated in multiple locations across China, including Sichuan, Hubei, Guangxi, Hainan, and Liaoning [5]. Group 2: Government Support and Policies - The local government has established a comprehensive service system for the food industry, including policy support, infrastructure development, resource integration, and innovation-driven initiatives [7][8]. - A "chief service officer" system has been implemented to enhance the efficiency of the process from land acquisition to production [7]. - The government has also facilitated the establishment of innovation laboratories and partnerships with universities to support technological advancements in food enterprises [7][8]. Group 3: Enhancing Domestic Market Dynamics - The construction of a strong domestic market is expected to lower production and circulation costs while improving production efficiency and innovation capabilities [6][10]. - The Chengming Food Industrial Park aims to establish 12 industrial parks nationwide, targeting the creation of a "100 billion park and 1 trillion Chengming" food industry super complex [6][10]. - The local government is focused on breaking down barriers to economic circulation and optimizing the allocation of production factors [9][10]. Group 4: Future Development Strategies - The county plans to strengthen the food industry by implementing the "321 production linkage" model and fostering a diverse food industrial base [10]. - The city of Zhoukou aims to enhance its logistics network and strengthen connections with major economic regions to facilitate market integration [10][11]. - The emphasis is on leveraging Henan's unique advantages, such as its large population and transportation network, to stimulate domestic demand and support the national market [11][14].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period as a critical phase for achieving decisive progress in socialist modernization, highlighting the need for high-quality development and strategic planning to navigate complex domestic and international challenges [2][4][8]. Summary by Sections Historical Positioning of the "15th Five-Year Plan" - The "15th Five-Year Plan" is positioned as a crucial transitional phase in the historical process of achieving socialist modernization, building on the achievements of the "14th Five-Year Plan" [5][6]. - The article notes that the "14th Five-Year Plan" has laid a solid foundation for high-quality development, with expectations for the economy to reach 140 trillion yuan by 2025, reflecting an average annual growth of 5.4% [5][6]. Guiding Principles and Major Goals - The guiding principles for the "15th Five-Year Plan" include a focus on high-quality development, reform and innovation, and meeting the growing needs of the people [9][10]. - The major goals outlined for this period include significant improvements in high-quality development, technological self-reliance, deepening reforms, enhancing social civilization, improving living standards, advancing ecological progress, and strengthening national security [11]. Strategic Tasks for Development - The article identifies key strategic tasks for the "15th Five-Year Plan," emphasizing the need to promote high-quality development, enhance technological independence, build a strong domestic market, and achieve a comprehensive green transition [12][13]. - Specific actions include constructing a modern industrial system, accelerating technological breakthroughs, and fostering a robust domestic market driven by consumption [12][13]. Focus on Common Prosperity - The article stresses the importance of common prosperity as a guiding principle, with initiatives aimed at rural revitalization, regional coordinated development, and improving public welfare [14][15]. - It highlights the need for policies that enhance the quality of life for all citizens, ensuring equitable access to resources and opportunities [14][15]. Enhancing Economic Vitality - The article discusses the role of reform in driving economic growth, advocating for a high-level socialist market economy and expanding openness to international markets [16][17]. - It emphasizes the importance of balancing development and security, ensuring that economic growth does not compromise national safety [17]. Strengthening Party Leadership - The article concludes by underscoring the necessity of strong party leadership as a fundamental guarantee for advancing modernization, with a focus on improving governance and mobilizing societal participation [18].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Finance emphasizes the importance of building a strong domestic market as a key to leveraging China's economic advantages and a priority task during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [1] Group 1: Consumer Spending - The government aims to boost consumption by releasing current consumption potential through fiscal subsidies and loan interest discounts, expanding goods and services consumption, and cultivating new consumption growth points [1] - Long-term consumption capacity will be enhanced by increasing residents' income through tax, social security, and transfer payments, effectively combining livelihood improvement with consumption promotion [1] Group 2: Effective Investment - The government plans to optimize the direction of government investment by utilizing special bonds and ultra-long-term special treasury bonds, focusing on foundational, long-term, and structural projects to improve overall productivity [1] - There is an emphasis on preventing ineffective investments and encouraging private capital participation in major projects, stimulating social investment through government investment [1] Group 3: Unified Market Construction - The Ministry of Finance will improve the fiscal and tax system to facilitate market unification, standardizing tax incentives and fiscal subsidy policies to eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation [1] - The goal is to create a fair market environment that enhances the efficiency of resource allocation [1]

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a strong domestic market is essential for building a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development in China, as emphasized by Xi Jinping during the sixth meeting of the 20th Central Financial Committee [1][2]. Group 1: Domestic Market Development - A strong domestic market is a significant advantage for China, which is increasingly integrating into the global economy [1]. - The need to focus on domestic development is highlighted due to the dual challenges of global economic restructuring and domestic economic transformation [3]. - The promotion of domestic economic circulation is crucial for better participation in international trade and division of labor [2]. Group 2: Open Market Strategy - The strategy of "five unifications and one openness" aims to enhance the connectivity of domestic and international markets through unified market rules and high standards [1][2]. - The implementation of internal and external openness is seen as a strategic choice to enhance China's international economic competitiveness and rule-making power [3]. - The government is working to eliminate administrative monopolies and local protectionism to facilitate smoother resource allocation and circulation [3][4]. Group 3: Recent Developments and Challenges - Recent reforms, such as the negative list for market access, have broadened the scope for enterprise entry and improved the flow of resources [4]. - In the first three quarters of 2025, China's retail sales of consumer goods grew by 4.5% year-on-year, and the total import and export of goods increased by 4%, maintaining its position as the world's second-largest consumer market and the largest goods trading nation [4]. - Challenges remain, including insufficient regional coordination, high transaction costs, and discrepancies in access standards across regions [4][5]. Group 4: Future Directions - The focus will be on problem-oriented strategies to enhance the integration of domestic and international markets, streamline export-to-domestic sales processes, and improve the overall business environment [5]. - The establishment of free trade zones and ports will serve as testing grounds for reforms in various sectors, aiming to align with international high-standard trade rules [5].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of developing new quality productivity tailored to local conditions as outlined in the 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session [2][3] Group 1: Significance of Developing New Quality Productivity - Understanding the significance of developing new quality productivity is crucial for high-quality development and modernization in China [3] - Historical trends show that the development of new quality productivity has historically led to significant advancements in social productivity [4] - The development of new quality productivity reflects the advantages of the socialist system, enabling faster and better productivity growth [5] Group 2: Tasks and Measures for Implementation - Strengthening technological innovation is identified as the core driver for developing new quality productivity [7] - Optimizing and upgrading industrial structures is a primary pathway for enhancing new quality productivity [8] - Promoting a comprehensive green transformation in economic and social development is an important direction for new quality productivity [9] - Building a strong domestic market is essential for supporting the development of new quality productivity [10] - Fostering common prosperity and comprehensive human development is the value orientation behind developing new quality productivity [11] - Adjusting production relations to align with new quality productivity is necessary for institutional support [12] Group 3: Basic Requirements for Development - A unified national strategy is essential for the effective development of new quality productivity [13] - Leveraging regional comparative advantages can enhance the development of new quality productivity [14] - Tailored policies for different industries are necessary to address their unique development stages and market demands [15] - Strengthening the role of enterprises as the main force in technological innovation and productivity development is critical [16] - Expanding high-level openness can optimize resource allocation and promote industrial upgrades [16]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of developing new quality productivity tailored to local conditions as outlined in the 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session [1][2] Group 1: Historical and Theoretical Context - The development of new quality productivity has historically driven comprehensive improvements in social productivity, representing the most innovative and forward-looking aspects of productivity [3] - The socialist system's advantages facilitate faster and better productivity development, with significant advancements in key technologies and industries since the 18th National Congress [4] Group 2: Practical Implications - Developing new quality productivity is essential for high-quality development and gaining strategic advantages in major power competition, focusing on creating a modern industrial system that meets people's needs [5] - New quality productivity encompasses innovation-driven approaches and the integration of new elements, impacting various sectors including agriculture, industry, and services [5] Group 3: Major Tasks and Initiatives - Strengthening technological innovation is identified as the core driver for developing new quality productivity, emphasizing the need for original and disruptive innovations [6][7] - Optimizing and upgrading industrial structures is crucial, with a focus on enhancing traditional industries and fostering emerging industries [8] - Promoting a comprehensive green transition in economic and social development is highlighted as a key direction for new quality productivity [9] Group 4: Market and Social Considerations - Building a strong domestic market is fundamental for supporting new quality productivity, leveraging the scale of the domestic market to stimulate demand and innovation [10] - Ensuring common prosperity and comprehensive human development is the ultimate goal of developing new quality productivity, emphasizing the importance of investing in human resources [11] Group 5: Institutional Support - Adapting production relations to align with new quality productivity is necessary, requiring reforms to facilitate the flow of advanced production factors [12] - Implementing a unified national strategy while leveraging local advantages and tailoring policies to specific industries is essential for effective development [14][15][16] - Encouraging enterprises to play a leading role in innovation and productivity development is critical, with a focus on both state-owned and private enterprises [16][17]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of developing new quality productivity tailored to local conditions, as outlined in the 15th Five-Year Plan, to promote high-quality development and modernization in China [4][5]. Group 1: Significance of Developing New Quality Productivity - Understanding the significance of developing new quality productivity is crucial for enhancing overall productivity and achieving high-quality development in the context of China's modernization [5]. - Historical trends show that the development of new quality productivity has historically led to significant advancements in social productivity, with each technological revolution marking a leap in productivity levels [6]. - The development of new quality productivity reflects the advantages of the socialist system, which can more effectively overcome contradictions in production and drive economic growth [7]. Group 2: Tasks and Measures for Implementing New Quality Productivity - Strengthening technological innovation is identified as the core driver for developing new quality productivity, with a focus on original and disruptive innovations [10]. - Optimizing and upgrading industrial structures is a primary pathway for developing new quality productivity, emphasizing the need for traditional industries to enhance quality and for new industries to scale up [11]. - Promoting a comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development is essential, with a focus on resource efficiency and cleaner production processes [12]. - Building a strong domestic market is fundamental for supporting new quality productivity, leveraging the scale of the domestic market to stimulate demand and innovation [13]. - Ensuring common prosperity and comprehensive human development is a key value orientation, emphasizing the need to invest in human capital and reduce income disparities [14]. - Establishing production relations that align with new quality productivity is necessary for facilitating the flow of advanced production factors [15]. Group 3: Basic Requirements for Developing New Quality Productivity - A unified national strategy is essential for coordinating major productivity layouts and addressing the relationship between reform and development [17]. - Leveraging regional comparative advantages is important, encouraging regions to identify their roles in the national development framework and focus on their unique strengths [18]. - Tailored policies for different industries are necessary, recognizing the diverse stages and needs of various sectors [19]. - Strengthening the role of enterprises as the main drivers of innovation and productivity development is crucial, with a focus on both state-owned and private enterprises [20].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of developing new quality productivity tailored to local conditions as a significant directive from the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, aimed at promoting high-quality development and modernization in China [1] Historical Context - The development of new quality productivity has historically driven comprehensive improvements in social productivity, representing the most innovative and technologically advanced segment of productivity [2] - Since the 18th National Congress, China has effectively enhanced overall social productivity by seizing opportunities from the new round of technological revolutions and industrial transformations [2] Theoretical Framework - Developing new quality productivity reflects the advantages of the socialist system, which can overcome contradictions in capitalist production and promote faster and better productivity growth [3] - By 2024, the value added from new industries, new business formats, and new models is expected to account for 18% of GDP, showcasing China's leading capabilities in sectors like new energy vehicles and 5G technology [3] Practical Implications - The development of new quality productivity is essential for achieving high-quality growth and gaining strategic advantages in global competition [4] - New quality productivity emphasizes innovation and the introduction of new factor combinations, impacting various sectors including agriculture, industry, and services [4] Major Tasks and Initiatives - Strengthening technological innovation is identified as the core driver for developing new quality productivity, with a focus on original and disruptive innovations [6] - Optimizing and upgrading industrial structures is crucial, with an emphasis on enhancing traditional industries and fostering emerging sectors [7] - Promoting a comprehensive green transition in economic and social development is highlighted as an important direction for new quality productivity [8] - Building a strong domestic market is essential for supporting the development of new quality productivity, leveraging the scale and economic effects of China's vast market [9] - Ensuring common prosperity and comprehensive human development is the value orientation behind developing new quality productivity [10] - Adjusting production relations to align with new quality productivity is necessary for its formation and development [11] Implementation Strategies - A unified national strategy is required to enhance the overall effectiveness of developing new quality productivity [13] - Encouraging local regions to leverage their comparative advantages is vital for identifying optimal development paths [14] - Tailored policies for different industries are necessary to address their unique stages and demands [15] - Strengthening the role of enterprises, particularly state-owned and private firms, is crucial for driving innovation and productivity [16] - Expanding high-level openness is important for optimizing resource allocation and promoting industrial upgrades [16]

Group 1: Core Insights - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the importance of a strong domestic market as a strategic foundation for Chinese modernization, focusing on expanding domestic demand and enhancing the interaction between supply and demand [1][2][3] - Key tasks include boosting consumption, increasing effective investment, and removing barriers to the construction of a unified national market [1][6] Group 2: Consumption Boosting Strategies - The plan prioritizes boosting consumption, leveraging China's large population and the expected growth of the middle-income group to tap into market potential [2] - Measures include increasing public service spending to enhance consumer capacity and implementing inclusive policies to support livelihoods [2][4] Group 3: Supply-Side Enhancements - The strategy involves leading new supply with new demand, focusing on high-quality, personalized, and green products and services to meet the evolving needs of consumers [3][4] - Institutional guarantees will be established to optimize the consumption environment, encouraging consumer spending [3][5] Group 4: Effective Investment Focus - "Investment in people" is highlighted as a key approach to drive economic and social structural transformation, with a focus on enhancing public service and human capital investment [4][5] - The plan aims to optimize investment structure, improve investment efficiency, and reform the investment financing system to better allocate government funds [4][5] Group 5: Market Barrier Removal - The removal of market barriers is crucial for efficiently aggregating domestic and international resources, facilitating a unified national market [6][7] - The plan outlines systematic deployments to eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation, aiming to create a high-standard market system [6][7]