Summary of the Conference Call for AVIC Optoelectronics Industry and Company Overview - The conference call focuses on AVIC Optoelectronics, a leading company in the connector industry, particularly in the fields of liquid cooling technology and military applications [2][3][4]. Key Points and Arguments Liquid Cooling Technology - AVIC Optoelectronics is actively developing liquid cooling technology to address the limitations of traditional air cooling systems, driven by increasing chip power consumption and the growing number of chips in cabinets [2][5]. - The company provides complete cabinet solutions and individual components for data centers, supercomputing, and energy storage applications [3][4]. - The domestic liquid cooling market is driven by demand for computing power and procurement from overseas system integrators, with AVIC participating in industry standard formulation and expanding into Southeast Asia and Japan [2][6]. AI Power Sector - The company is expanding its presence in the AI power sector, having participated in the Global Computing Alliance launch conference to enhance its market influence [7]. - AVIC aims to innovate in AI data centers and technology, transitioning from a single component supplier to a system integrator to capture domestic and international market opportunities [2][7]. Military Business Growth - The military segment benefits from stable growth in defense budgets, projected at 6%-7%, with the military connector market expanding significantly [2][13]. - AVIC Optoelectronics holds a substantial market share in military connectors, supported by accelerated information technology construction [2][13]. System Interconnection Technology - The company has invested approximately 2.3 billion yuan in a foundational component factory, enhancing its capabilities in system interconnection and transitioning from a single component supplier to an integrated interconnection provider [2][14]. - AVIC's technology is being applied in various military aircraft projects, including the C919, indicating potential for further market expansion [14]. Financial Performance and Projections - From 2019 to 2023, the company's revenue grew from approximately 9.2 billion yuan to 20.1 billion yuan, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21% [11]. - Future revenue projections for 2025 to 2027 are 27.17 billion yuan, 28 billion yuan, and 31.04 billion yuan, with corresponding net profits of 4.113 billion yuan, 4.821 billion yuan, and 5.4 billion yuan [16]. Employee Growth and Cost Control - The workforce increased from 13,300 in 2019 to 17,700 in 2023, with a CAGR of 7.3%, indicating effective control over employee growth relative to revenue [12]. - The company has maintained stable operating expenses, with a notable decrease in stock incentive amortization expected in the coming years, positively impacting operational capacity [12]. Additional Important Insights - The liquid cooling industry is driven by three main factors: increasing chip power consumption, the significant rise in the number of chips per cabinet, and the overall value of liquid cooling systems [4][5]. - AVIC Optoelectronics has a long history of development, evolving through four stages since its establishment in 1970, focusing on innovation and market expansion [8]. - The company has implemented a long-term equity incentive plan to align the interests of shareholders, investors, and the company, promoting sustainable development [9][10].

Summary of Liquid Cooling Industry and AI Server Market Industry Overview - The liquid cooling industry is experiencing rapid growth driven by the increasing power consumption of AI chips, with NVIDIA GPUs rising from 400 watts to 1,400 watts over five years, and the DGX D200 server consuming up to 14.3 kilowatts, far exceeding traditional servers [1][2][3] - Virtus predicts that by 2029, the power of a single AI GPU cabinet will exceed 1 megawatt, with an average cabinet density surpassing 50 kilowatts, indicating a significant advantage for liquid cooling as cabinet density exceeds 20 kilowatts [1][3] Key Points and Arguments - **Market Growth**: The Chinese liquid cooling market is expected to reach $2.4 billion in 2024, growing 67% year-on-year, with a projected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 47% over the next five years, reaching $16.2 billion by 2029 [1][12] - **Technology Adoption**: Cold plate liquid cooling technology is expected to mature and be adopted first due to its higher efficiency compared to air cooling, while immersion cooling, although more efficient, faces challenges related to cooling media and long-term immersion [1][4] - **Investment Opportunities**: The current market is at a pivotal point, transitioning from traditional air cooling to liquid cooling, driven by the need for efficient heat dissipation in high-power AI servers [2][5] - **Component Value**: The core components of liquid cooling systems, such as cold plates and CDU, have significant value, with the GB200NZL72 system valued between $73,000 and $83,000 per cabinet [2][17] Market Dynamics - **Demand Drivers**: Major demand drivers include large data centers, AI chips, and telecommunications operators, which collectively account for 90% of the demand in the Chinese market [12] - **Global AI Server Market**: The global AI server market is projected to reach $3.1 billion in 2025 and $8.6 billion in 2026, with NVIDIA GPUs accounting for over 80% of the market share [13][14] - **Capital Expenditure Trends**: There is an optimistic outlook for capital expenditures in 2026, driven by the acceleration of AI business models and sustained growth in AI computing demand [7][6] Competitive Landscape - **Key Players**: Major players in the liquid cooling supply chain include Vertiv, Colt, and Delta, with Vertiv being a significant partner in NVIDIA's ecosystem [21][22] - **Domestic Developments**: Chinese companies like InnoTek and Shuguang are rapidly developing liquid cooling technologies and entering global supply chains, with InnoTek recognized in NVIDIA's partner network [23][24] Investment Considerations - **Focus Areas**: Investors should consider companies capable of entering overseas supply chains, particularly those recognized by NVIDIA, as well as domestic firms involved in AI chip development and high-density solutions [25] - **Market Trends**: The increasing power levels of AI chips are driving the need for advanced cooling solutions, making this an opportune time to explore various liquid cooling technologies [26][27] Conclusion - The liquid cooling market is poised for significant growth, driven by the rising power demands of AI technologies and the transition from traditional cooling methods. Investors should closely monitor developments in this sector and consider the implications of technological advancements and market dynamics on potential investment opportunities.

Summary of Invek's Conference Call Company Overview - Invek's revenue primarily comes from two main product lines: temperature control energy-saving products (approximately 50%) and energy storage business (approximately 40%), with 90% of the latter being energy storage-related income [2][3] - The electronic cooling business (including liquid cooling plates and air cooling components) is expected to become a new growth point for the company [2] Financial Performance - The latest interim report shows that data center revenue grew by over 50%, while energy storage business revenue reached 800 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of approximately 35% [2][4] - Despite a significant apparent decline in gross margin due to accounting standard adjustments, the actual impact on profit was negligible. After excluding these adjustments, the overall gross margin decreased by 2.3 percentage points [5] - Liquid cooling revenue reached 200 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of over 200%, primarily driven by the expansion of electronic cooling [5] Strategic Advantages - Invek's strategic advantages include a management team focused on profitability, a stable workforce, and a combination of Huawei's innovative spirit and Emerson's quality operational advantages. The company avoids price wars and emphasizes quality and operations [6] - The management team has a strong R&D background, which enhances the company's capabilities in technological innovation and strategic planning [9] Future Development Focus - The future focus for Invek will be on the development of the electronic cooling business, which includes liquid cooling plates and cooling modules for base stations and mining machines. This segment is expected to become a significant third growth curve [7][8] - Inventory and contract liabilities increased at the end of Q2 compared to Q1, providing revenue assurance for Q3 [7] Innovation and R&D - Invek employs a platform-based R&D model that enhances overall efficiency and optimizes product design. This model integrates various development steps to achieve high collaboration and efficiency [10] - The company has demonstrated strong innovation capabilities, particularly in the data center sector, where it has maintained positive growth despite industry pressures [11][12] Liquid Cooling Technology - Invek offers a comprehensive solution in the liquid cooling field, covering both the data center side and server-side cooling, allowing the company to capture 100% of the value chain [13] - The company has established strong partnerships in both domestic and international markets, positioning itself as a leading player in the liquid cooling sector [14] Conclusion - Invek is recognized as a high-quality growth company in the liquid cooling market, with a strong foundation in both domestic and international markets, and a comprehensive capability to provide complete solutions [14]

Group 1 - The global artificial intelligence market is expected to achieve a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of over 35% from 2023 to 2030, driving the demand for advanced cooling technologies in data centers [1][2] - Traditional air cooling systems are limited to a cooling capacity of around 20 kW per cabinet, making it increasingly difficult to meet the high cooling demands of modern data centers [2] - Liquid cooling technology, which uses liquid instead of air as a cooling medium, significantly improves cooling efficiency and can effectively meet the high heat dissipation requirements of IT equipment [3] Group 2 - Liquid cooling technology can greatly reduce energy consumption in data centers, leading to significant savings in power system construction and operational costs [3] - The use of cold plate liquid cooling can lower the Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) to between 1.15 and 1.25, while phase change immersion cooling can achieve a PUE below 1.1 [3] - For a 10 MW data center, a reduction of 0.1 in PUE can result in annual energy savings of 8.76 million kWh, equivalent to a reduction of 8,730 tons of CO2 emissions [3] Group 3 - The penetration rate of immersion liquid cooling is expected to increase, leading to a significant rise in demand for fluorinated liquids [4] - The global market for immersion cooling liquids in data centers is projected to reach $970 million by 2030, with a CAGR of 21.2% in the coming years [4] - Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) is anticipated to become a mainstream product in the fluorinated cooling liquid market due to its excellent chemical and thermal stability, high thermal conductivity, and dielectric strength [4] Group 4 - Companies to watch include New Zobang (300037.SZ), a global leader in PFPE, which has developed a series of products for immersion cooling technology [5] - Juhua Co., Ltd. (600160.SH) is actively expanding its presence in the liquid cooling sector, with a planned production capacity of 5,000 tons per year for its cooling liquids [5]

3D 打印液冷专家交流 20250819 摘要 英伟达等公司自 2024 年起采用 OCP ORV3 单向冷板式液冷方案，因其 具备产业链支持和大规模交付能力，已成为智算领域主流，而散热不均 衡问题的浸没式液冷方案逐渐被取代。 3D 打印技术适用于液冷系统中的微通道和异形结构制造，能实现传统 CNC 加工难以完成的复杂几何形状，降低热阻和流阻，提高散热效率， 单板可实现 150 升/分钟的水流量，温度控制在 4 千瓦以内。 3D 打印液冷板技术壁垒高，涉及光源控制、工艺方式和加工中心设备定 向开发。掌握高频绿光激光头、薄铜箔堆锻技术和专用设备的企业具有 显著先发优势。 中国供应链在制冷领域优势在于材料、工艺和规模化生产能力。成功企 业专注于某一环节，具备大规模产能。寻找标的时，应关注具备这三项 能力的企业。 液冷板企业盈利水平与规模密切相关，新工艺和材料能否实现规模化生 产是关键。在智算领域，液冷系统价值量虽小，但对提升核心 IP 性能稳 定性至关重要。 业内更多关注如何挖掘单向冷板潜力，通过降低热阻和减少流阻来提升性能。 例如，通过降低入水温度至 25 度以提高散热效果。因此，可以预见单向冷板 技术仍有很长 ...

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the liquid cooling technology industry, particularly focusing on NVIDIA's advancements and the domestic market in China. The liquid cooling market is expected to grow significantly, with projections indicating a potential market size of 50 billion yuan by 2028 [2][27]. Key Points and Arguments NVIDIA's Liquid Cooling Technology - NVIDIA has faced thermal issues with the GB200 model, leading to the adoption of an all-purpose plate liquid cooling solution for the GB300, which has passed testing [1][2]. - Future Rubin series chips may utilize two-phase all-purpose plates or two-phase coupled silent liquid cooling, explicitly excluding water-based liquids [1][3]. - The single cabinet power for future models could reach 300-500 kW, necessitating more efficient cooling solutions due to increased chip thermal density [2][3]. Market Dynamics - The domestic liquid cooling market is projected to double in size to approximately 3 billion yuan in 2023, still significantly smaller than overseas markets [1][13]. - Companies like Alibaba are shifting from self-built data centers to leasing due to slow construction speeds, planning to invest 380 billion yuan over three years [2][20]. - The competition remains stable, with many companies still exploring effective air cooling solutions due to deployment speed being a critical factor [13][14]. Technical Developments - The dual-plate liquid cooling system has undergone iterations to address volatility, low toxicity, and cost control [1][4]. - The transition from copper to aluminum for liquid cooling plates is aimed at reducing costs, although complex processing may offset some savings [1][8]. - The total cost for a single cabinet using a single-plate system is approximately $100,000, with hardware accounting for 30%-40% of that cost [7][8]. Future Trends - The future of liquid cooling systems is expected to include both all-purpose and immersion cooling solutions, with potential cost increases of 1.5-1.8 times for different configurations [10][11]. - The domestic market is still in its early stages, with significant growth potential as companies adapt to new technologies and cooling methods [13][27]. - Efficient management and optimization of cooling media will be crucial for future developments, especially as the market scales [27]. Challenges and Considerations - The use of water-based media in single-plate systems has low initial construction costs but high total ownership costs over the lifecycle [2][27]. - The complexity of manufacturing two-phase cooling plates increases labor and processing costs, impacting overall pricing strategies [9][8]. - The industry faces challenges in maintaining system stability and addressing the toxicity and volatility of cooling media, particularly in single-phase systems [24][23]. Competitive Landscape - Domestic manufacturers like Huawei and Alibaba are exploring various cooling technologies, with Huawei's Ascend 910C chip showing competitive performance [16][22]. - The market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies, with significant investments in research and development for liquid cooling technologies [12][15]. Additional Important Insights - The shift towards aluminum in liquid cooling systems is driven by its compatibility with refrigerants and cost-effectiveness, despite concerns over corrosion [28]. - The choice of refrigerants is critical, with 134A being a common option, but facing regulatory challenges that may necessitate the development of more environmentally friendly alternatives [30]. - The overall trend indicates a move towards more integrated and efficient cooling solutions that can handle the increasing demands of high-performance computing environments [32].

Summary of Conference Call Records Companies and Industries Involved - **Companies**:环旭电子 (Huanxu Electronics), 工业富联 (Industrial Fulian), 比亚迪电子 (BYD Electronics) - **Industries**: Electronics, AI, Automotive, Cooling Technology Key Points and Arguments Huanxu Electronics - Benefiting from integrated SoC eyewear solutions, with expected unit value reaching three-digit USD levels, driven by increased orders from Meta, presenting new investment opportunities [1] - Achieved breakthroughs in 1.6T optical modules, network cards, and power supply businesses, leveraging the packaging capabilities of its parent company, ASE Group, and the advantages of the Taiwanese supply chain [1][2] - The high-voltage power supply product line is projected to reach a market size of $4 billion by 2027, with a target to capture nearly half of the market share [2] Industrial Fulian - Recent strong stock performance attributed to outstanding Q2 financial results, with GB200 cabinets and products beginning to ship, validating its high barriers to entry and profitability [1][4] - The proliferation of liquid cooling technology and the delegation of procurement rights from NVIDIA have reduced overall costs for mainland manufacturers, enhancing profitability [1][4] - Increased shipment volumes and scale effects have made even minor profit improvements significantly impactful for the company [4] BYD Electronics - Continuously improving the structure of North American key customer components and assembly business through the acquisition of JEP and operational improvements, leading to reduced financial costs [1][5] - Major customers plan to launch foldable smartphones and smart home products in 2026, which will provide profit elasticity [5] - Expanding from smart cockpit to smart driving and thermal management in the automotive sector, enhancing competitiveness [3][5] - After obtaining certification from Hengwei in 2024, the company has become a qualified supplier in the power supply and liquid cooling sectors, with strong manufacturing capabilities expected to further expand market share [3][5] - The current valuation of Hong Kong stocks relative to A-shares still has discount space, but the development of AI product lines may change this situation [3][5] Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content - The integration of AI-related components in Huanxu Electronics' product offerings, including SIP modules for WiFi and integrated solutions with SoC, is expected to significantly enhance product miniaturization and value [2] - The impact of supply chain dynamics on BYD Electronics' competitive advantage and potential valuation uplift if supply chains are relaxed in the future [3][5]

Core Insights - The upgrade of Nvidia's architecture is driving the development of liquid cooling solutions, with the GB300 liquid cooling system covering over 80% of high-power components, and the Rubin architecture Kyber rack expected to achieve 100% liquid cooling by 2027 [1] - The demand for GPU liquid cooling is significantly increasing, with the GPU liquid cooling market projected to reach 80 billion yuan by 2026 [2] - ASIC cooling presents high gross margin potential, with a surge in ASIC chip shipments expected in 2026, driven by major tech companies like Google, Meta, and Amazon [3] - Chinese companies are positioned to become industry leaders in the liquid cooling sector, with several firms already making significant advancements [4] Liquid Cooling Market Dynamics - The four main components of the cold plate liquid cooling solution (cold plate, CDU, UQD, Manifold) account for over 90% of the total value of the GB200 NVL72 cooling solution [2] - The GB300 system will increase the number of cold plates used from 54 in GB200 to 126 in GB300, indicating a significant rise in component demand [2] ASIC Chip Market Outlook - Google has fully adopted liquid cooling for its TPU clusters, achieving a GW-level operational scale with high availability [3] - Expected shipments of Google TPUs will reach between 1.5 million to 2 million units by 2025, with Meta and Amazon also planning substantial ASIC chip releases [3] Growth Potential for Chinese Companies - Companies like Qihong Technology and Shuguang Digital Innovation are making strides in the liquid cooling supply chain and commercial deployment [4] - Other firms such as Yingweike and Feirongda are also establishing themselves as key players in the liquid cooling market, with innovative products and successful partnerships [4] Investment Recommendations - The performance boost from Nvidia's Blackwell architecture necessitates liquid cooling solutions, while the customization of ASIC chips is expected to enhance profit margins [5] - The growth of the cooling industry is anticipated as GB200/GB300 systems continue to expand and ASIC servers are introduced [5]

截至2025年8月18日15时，浪潮信息最新股价为61.07元，较前一交易日收盘价上涨2.39元。当日开盘价 为58.96元，最高触及61.60元，最低下探58.89元，成交量为1158265手，成交金额达70.03亿元。 资金流向方面，8月18日浪潮信息主力资金净流入31387.77万元，占流通市值比为0.35%。近五日主力资 金净流入81134.06万元，占流通市值比为0.9%。 浪潮信息属于计算机设备板块，主营业务涵盖云计算基础设施、大数据、人工智能等领域。公司是国内 领先的服务器和存储产品供应商，在数据中心建设方面具有重要地位。 在液冷技术领域，随着AI算力需求爆发与数据中心绿色转型的双重驱动，液冷技术正成为高成长赛 道。英伟达GB200液冷机柜大规模商用及ASIC芯片加速渗透，推动全球液冷市场规模快速扩张。 ResearchNester预计，该市场规模将从2024年的30亿美元增至2030年的213亿美元。 风险提示：市场有风险，投资需谨慎。 ...

Investment Rating - The report rates the industry as "Overweight," indicating a positive outlook for the sector compared to the overall market performance [4]. Core Insights - Liquid cooling technology is a crucial solution for addressing the heat dissipation challenges faced by data centers, especially with the increasing power density driven by AI and 5G applications [4][5]. - The report highlights that AI servers have power ratings between 2000-3000W, significantly higher than traditional servers, which operate at 300W-1000W, thus intensifying the cooling requirements [5]. - The main cooling method currently in use is the cold plate liquid cooling system, which utilizes water and ethylene glycol as cooling mediums, accounting for approximately 70% of the liquid cooling market [5]. - Immersion cooling is noted for its superior heat dissipation efficiency and potential for growth, with single-phase immersion cooling being the predominant choice among major companies like Alibaba and Tencent [5]. - Fluorinated liquids are identified as the optimal medium for immersion cooling, with a market potential estimated at around 10 billion [5]. Summary by Sections Liquid Cooling Technology - Cold plate liquid cooling is the leading technology, with single-phase systems being suitable for medium to low power servers, while dual-phase systems are emerging for high power density applications [5]. - Immersion cooling, both single-phase and dual-phase, is gaining traction due to its efficiency in high power density scenarios [5]. Market Potential - The report predicts that by 2025, the global data center installation capacity could reach 114.3GW, with a potential annual increase of 16.6GW from 2024 to 2030 [5]. - With a projected liquid cooling penetration rate of 60% and immersion cooling at 40%, there is an anticipated demand for 40,000 tons of fluorinated liquids, translating to a market opportunity of approximately 10 billion [5]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on companies involved in the production of fluorinated liquids, such as Dongyangguang, Juhua, Yonghe, and others, as well as those producing silicone oil like Runhe Materials and Xin'an [5][6].