本文转自【央视新闻客户端】； 在评价俄中经贸合作情况时，扎哈罗娃介绍，俄中能源合作根基深厚，俄罗斯农产品和食品在中国广受 好评。"2025年，俄中双边贸易额再次突破2000亿美元大关，充分展现了两国经贸伙伴关系的可持续性 发展。"扎哈罗娃说。 俄罗斯外交部发言人扎哈罗娃当地时间1月30日在例行记者会上表示，作为世界最大经济体之一，中国 在全球经济体系中扮演着举足轻重的角色。 扎哈罗娃当天回答有关如何评价"中国不仅愿做'世界工厂'，更愿做'世界市场'"的提问时说，当前，中 国持续扩大对外开放，积极推动经济增长转向消费与进口拉动，这不仅为提高中国民众生活水平奠定了 坚实基础，也为其他国家向中国市场扩大出口、加强与中国的务实合作创造了机遇。 ...

在评价俄中经贸合作情况时，扎哈罗娃介绍，俄中能源合作根基深厚，俄罗斯农产品和食品在中国 广受好评。"2025年，俄中双边贸易额再次突破2000亿美元大关，充分展现了两国经贸伙伴关系的可持 续性发展。"扎哈罗娃说。 新华社莫斯科1月30日电 （记者 赵冰）俄罗斯外交部发言人扎哈罗娃30日在例行记者会上表示，作 为世界最大经济体之一，中国在全球经济体系中扮演着举足轻重的角色。 扎哈罗娃当天回答新华社记者有关如何评价"中国不仅愿做'世界工厂'，更愿做'世界市场'"的提问 时说，当前，中国持续扩大对外开放，积极推动经济增长转向消费与进口拉动，这不仅为提高中国民众 生活水平奠定了坚实基础，也为其他国家向中国市场扩大出口、加强与中国的务实合作创造了机遇。 ...

央视网消息：1月26日，商务部对外贸易司司长王志华在国新办新闻发布会上表示，2026年，中国将坚 定不移推进高水平对外开放，推动贸易创新发展、平衡发展，不仅愿做"世界工厂"，更愿做"世界市 场"，中国超大规模市场将为各国产品、服务提供更广阔机遇，中国高质量发展也将为世界经济不断注 入新动力。 ...

Core Viewpoint - Major companies, including Nike and Adidas, are relocating manufacturing out of China to Southeast Asian countries like Vietnam and Laos due to lower labor costs and favorable foreign investment policies [1][4] Group 1: Reasons for Relocation - The primary reasons for companies moving their factories include significantly lower labor costs in Southeast Asia, with Vietnam's average monthly salary being less than 3000 yuan compared to nearly 7000 yuan in China in 2023 [1][4] - Southeast Asian countries have implemented various tax incentives to attract foreign investment, such as Vietnam's "four years of income tax exemption" [4] - The international economic landscape has shifted, with a decline in the economies of the US and Europe, leading to a 40% reduction in orders from the US to China this year [4][5] Group 2: Impact on China's Manufacturing Status - The companies relocating are primarily in labor-intensive industries like apparel and electronics, which are seen as outdated sectors in China [5] - Despite the loss of some orders, many factories in Southeast Asia still rely on imports of equipment and raw materials from China, indicating that China remains integral to the supply chain [7] - China's manufacturing competitiveness remains strong, ranking second globally in the manufacturing competitiveness index in 2023, and is projected to regain the top position with a 19.4% lead over the US [8] Group 3: Future of Chinese Manufacturing - The development of high-end manufacturing is on the rise, with innovations like "original serum" breaking foreign technology monopolies and addressing health issues in the domestic market [10] - Economists emphasize the importance of maintaining low-end manufacturing to provide job opportunities for ordinary workers, especially in economically lagging regions [11] - The future trend is towards the continuous development of high-tech industries, with a focus on self-sufficiency to mitigate the risks associated with foreign market volatility [13]

Core Viewpoint - The expectation of "decoupling from China" in global manufacturing has largely failed, as no country has emerged as a viable alternative to China in this sector [3][25]. Group 1: Challenges Faced by India - India has made efforts to become a "world factory" through initiatives like the "Make in India" campaign, aiming to increase manufacturing's share of GDP from 15% to 25% [5]. - Despite significant subsidies of 1.46 trillion rupees to attract foreign investment, core issues such as unreliable electricity supply and inadequate infrastructure remain unresolved [6][8]. - India's electricity supply is projected to face a shortfall of 15 to 20 gigawatts by 2025, leading to factory shutdowns [8]. - The logistics and road conditions in India are poor, causing significant delays in transportation, which hampers manufacturing efficiency [10]. - Administrative inefficiencies and a lack of a complete industrial supply chain hinder India's ability to compete with China [10][12]. Group 2: Challenges Faced by Vietnam - Vietnam has attracted foreign investment from major companies like Samsung and Intel, but its industrial land is nearing saturation, limiting expansion [12][14]. - The country faces electricity supply issues, with significant losses due to factory shutdowns from power shortages [14]. - Vietnam's limited high-tech talent pool and reliance on imports for raw materials restrict its manufacturing capabilities [14][16]. Group 3: China's Continued Dominance - China's central and western regions are emerging as new manufacturing hotspots due to cost advantages, robust infrastructure, and complete industrial supply chains [16][18]. - The cost of industrial electricity in regions like Sichuan and Chongqing is significantly lower than in coastal areas, making them attractive for energy-intensive industries [18]. - China's infrastructure, including transportation and communication, is globally leading, providing stability and efficiency that India and Vietnam cannot match [19]. - The comprehensive industrial chain in China allows for efficient production processes, reducing costs and increasing productivity [21]. - Recent data shows significant manufacturing output in China's western regions, with notable increases in exports and foreign investment [23]. - The structural issues in India and Vietnam are unlikely to be resolved in the short term, making it improbable for them to replace China's manufacturing dominance in the foreseeable future [25].

Core Viewpoint - The recent US-China trade agreement has created uncertainty for India's aspirations to become a global manufacturing hub, as it may hinder the flow of manufacturing investments from China to India [2][4]. Group 1: Trade Dynamics - The US has significantly reduced tariffs on Chinese goods from 145% to 30%, while maintaining tariffs on Indian goods at approximately 27%, which poses a challenge for India's manufacturing ambitions [2][6]. - India's manufacturing sector may face stagnation or a reversal of investment as companies reconsider their supply chains in light of the new trade agreement [4][5]. - Despite short-term setbacks, long-term trade tensions between the US and China could still benefit India's manufacturing sector [8]. Group 2: Manufacturing Challenges - India's manufacturing sector currently contributes only 15% to its GDP, showing little change over the past two decades, indicating a need for significant improvement [14]. - The country faces challenges such as a poor business environment, inadequate infrastructure, and a lack of skilled labor, which hinder its ability to attract foreign investment [14][17]. - The profit margins for Indian assembly of products like iPhones are low, with Apple earning around $450 per unit sold in the US, while India only sees about $25, highlighting the low value-added nature of its manufacturing [15][17]. Group 3: Competitive Landscape - Other Asian countries like Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysia are seen as more attractive for manufacturing due to lower labor costs and favorable trade agreements, putting India at a disadvantage [14]. - India's reliance on China for essential components limits its ability to fully capitalize on the shift in supply chains [15]. - The future manufacturing landscape may evolve into a dual structure where China dominates high-end manufacturing while India supplements low-end production [17].

Core Viewpoint - The recent US-China tariff agreement disrupts India's ambitions to become a manufacturing hub, potentially causing a halt or reversal of manufacturing investments that were expected to flow from China to India [1][8]. Group 1: Manufacturing Investment Dynamics - The reduction of tariffs between the US and China may lead to a stagnation or reversal of manufacturing investments that were anticipated to shift to India [1][4]. - Despite some optimism regarding India's potential as a manufacturing alternative to China, challenges such as a poor business environment, heavy reliance on Chinese supply chains, and insufficient development of high-value industries remain significant obstacles [1][4][5]. Group 2: Economic and Trade Relations - India has seen a rise in new export orders, indicating some capacity to fill gaps left by Chinese manufacturers, with 40% of goods exported to the US overlapping with those from China [3][4]. - Ongoing trade negotiations between India and the US, as well as a recent trade agreement with the UK, may provide India with opportunities to benefit from the so-called "China exodus" [3][4]. Group 3: Challenges in the Manufacturing Sector - India's manufacturing sector has stagnated at around 15% of GDP for two decades, and the government's initiatives, such as the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, have had limited success [4][5]. - The Indian electronics industry, particularly in iPhone manufacturing, remains heavily dependent on Chinese raw materials and components, limiting the economic benefits derived from assembly operations in India [4][5]. Group 4: Employment and Economic Impact - The quality of jobs created by assembly lines in India is low, and the current model of importing components rather than developing local supply chains undermines potential economic benefits [5][7]. - There are concerns that India may become a transshipment point for Chinese goods to the US, which could further weaken India's ability to build its own technological and industrial base [7][9]. Group 5: Strategic Recommendations - Experts suggest that India must lower production costs, improve logistics, and establish regulatory certainty to avoid being marginalized in the global manufacturing landscape [9]. - To effectively integrate into global supply chains, India may need to engage more with China and consider joining regional trade agreements like the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) [9].

Core Insights - The article discusses the rapid rise of DHgate, a Chinese cross-border e-commerce platform, which has gained significant attention from overseas consumers due to its competitive pricing on luxury goods [6][19][31] - The platform has become a focal point for consumers seeking affordable alternatives to high-priced luxury items, highlighting a shift in consumer behavior amid rising tariffs and inflation [10][49] Group 1: Company Overview - DHgate, founded in 2004 by Wang Shutong, focuses on B2B cross-border trade, connecting Chinese manufacturers directly with overseas retailers [34][43] - The platform has over 2.54 million registered suppliers and an annual online product count exceeding 34 million, with registered buyers surpassing 59.6 million across 225 countries [20][19] - DHgate's business model allows it to charge commissions only after transactions are completed, streamlining the export process for manufacturers [43] Group 2: Market Dynamics - Recent tariff increases in the U.S. have led to heightened consumer anxiety regarding inflation, prompting a search for cheaper alternatives [10][49] - The trend of "unboxing" videos on social media has fueled interest in DHgate, as consumers discover the stark price differences between luxury goods and their factory costs [16][24] - The platform has benefited from a growing sentiment among consumers that they have been overpaying for branded products, leading to a surge in demand for unbranded or direct-from-factory items [14][19] Group 3: Consumer Behavior - Overseas consumers are increasingly aware of the cost disparities in luxury goods, with many expressing disbelief at the low production costs of high-end items [13][19] - The phenomenon of "DH girls" has emerged, with consumers proudly identifying as buyers of affordable products from DHgate, reflecting a shift in purchasing priorities [47] - The article notes that the appeal of DHgate lies in its ability to offer luxury-like products at a fraction of the price, even after accounting for tariffs [24][49]