Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of price mechanism in market economy and its role in resource allocation, highlighting the need for deepening price marketization reform to support high-quality development in China [1][2]. Importance of Price Marketization - Since the reform and opening up, China's price reform has made significant progress, with 97.5% of goods and services prices determined by the market, enhancing economic vitality [2]. - High marketization of prices leads to better resource allocation efficiency and stronger development vitality [2]. - Price signals guide resources to more efficient areas, promote innovation in enterprises, and provide momentum for economic transformation through improved ecological pricing mechanisms [2]. Key Reform Paths - Focus on deepening reforms in key areas such as energy resources, with a need for comprehensive competition in electricity pricing and improved market mechanisms [3]. - Enhance the legal framework for pricing, including updates to the Price Law to accommodate digital economy and green development [3]. - Innovate the price hearing system by introducing third-party evaluation and utilizing big data for better quality [3]. Government Regulation Optimization - The government should transition from "price control" to "order management," utilizing new technologies for smart regulation and enhancing market supervision [4]. - Strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition enforcement, particularly in natural monopoly pricing [4]. - Establish automatic adjustment mechanisms for public utility prices linked to CPI and PPI to prevent price distortions [4]. Promotion Strategies - Systematic planning for price marketization reform through a "pilot-evaluation-promotion" approach, focusing on marketizing factor prices, energy prices, and ecological pricing systems [5]. - Prioritize comprehensive reform pilots in regions like the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Yangtze River Delta [5]. Policy Coordination - Price reform should align with fiscal, financial, and industrial policies to create a cohesive reform effort [6]. - Establish a mechanism linking social assistance and price increases to ensure basic livelihood support [6].

Core Viewpoint - The recent issuance of the "Opinions on Improving the Price Governance Mechanism" by the Central Committee and the State Council aims to deepen price reform and enhance the price governance mechanism, which is essential for improving resource allocation efficiency and macroeconomic governance during the high-quality development phase [1]. Group 1: Price Governance Mechanism - The price governance mechanism is crucial for resource allocation efficiency, impacting every transaction in daily life and ensuring a well-functioning market [1]. - Currently, 97.5% of commodity and service prices in China are determined by the market, with an average annual CPI increase of approximately 1.6%, indicating a well-structured government pricing mechanism that supports steady economic development [1]. Group 2: Key Tasks and Mechanisms - The "Opinions" outline key tasks including the establishment of four mechanisms: a market price formation mechanism, a price guidance mechanism for key sectors, a price regulation mechanism to maintain reasonable price levels, and a transparent market price supervision mechanism, along with strengthening the foundational capabilities of price governance [2]. - The emphasis is on allowing the market to determine prices wherever possible, which is expected to guide enterprises towards innovation and transformation [2]. Group 3: Regulation and Supervision - Price regulation is necessary, especially in public utilities and services, to ensure that prices remain within a reasonable range, addressing the direct impact on consumers and businesses [3]. - A transparent and predictable price supervision system is essential for maintaining market order and enhancing confidence among business entities, necessitating a comprehensive regulatory framework to prevent violations and promote fair competition [3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the deepening of price reforms and the improvement of governance mechanisms will lead to more market-oriented pricing in public utilities such as electricity, water, and gas [1][2] - The recent guidance from the Central Committee and the State Council emphasizes the need to enhance market price formation mechanisms and improve price regulation, which will support high-quality economic development [2] - The electricity market reform aims to establish a multi-level market system and improve pricing mechanisms for various power sources, which is expected to benefit large hydropower projects as prices become more market-oriented [3] Group 2 - Water pricing mechanisms need optimization to address the slow adjustment frequency and rising losses in the water supply industry, with the new guidelines expected to accelerate price reforms [4] - The sewage treatment fee structure is under pressure due to low government payments and user charges, and the new policies aim to alleviate the increasing accounts receivable issues in the sewage industry [4] - The gas price adjustment mechanism is being deepened, with several regions already increasing residential gas prices, which is expected to enhance the profitability of urban gas companies [5] Group 3 - The investment strategy suggests that the market-oriented pricing mechanisms will benefit large hydropower projects, improve water utility operations, and enhance the profitability of leading urban gas companies [7][8]

文 ｜ 李想 荣浩翔 朱翀佚 随着价格改革进一步深化以及治理机制逐步完善，电力、水务、燃气等公用事业价格有望更加市场 化；当前市场化程度低且价格显著低于行业平均、低成本优势突出的大水电有望受益，伴随价格更 加市场化预计将实现电价及收入提升；价格传导滞后问题较为严重的水务、燃气行业有望随着价格 调整机制的改善，带动行业整体回报偏低、上游价格波动影响业绩稳定性等问题的缓解。 ▍ 完善价格治理机制，深化价格市场化改革。 近日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于完善价格治理机制的意见》，就健全市场价格 形成机制、创新价格引导机制、完善价格调控机制、优化市场价格监管机制等内容作出指导。 《意见》涵盖能源、公用事业、农业、公共服务、公共数据等领域的价格机制，明确要进一步深 化价格改革，完善价格治理机制，夯实价格稳定基础，进而保持物价水平，同时提高资源配置效 率与提升宏观经济治理水平，助力高质量发展。 ▍ 电价：推进市场建设助力电力系统转型升级，大水电有望受益价格市场化。 ▍ 水价：优化各类水价&处理费机制，有望改善行业回报率&应收账款问题。 自来水费方面，根据我们历史跟踪情况，各地水价调价频率极为缓慢，成本无法及时有 ...

Group 1: Core Views - The release of the "Opinions on Improving Price Governance Mechanism" aims to enhance market price formation, innovation in price guidance, and optimization of price regulation mechanisms to establish a high-level price governance system [1] - The goal is to improve resource allocation efficiency and enhance macroeconomic governance by refining the price governance mechanism [1][2] Group 2: Price Stability and Macro Control - Maintaining reasonable price levels is a key objective of macroeconomic regulation, with a target inflation rate of around 2% set for 2025 [2] - The "Opinions" emphasize the need for coordinated efforts between price policies and other macroeconomic policies such as fiscal, monetary, and employment policies to enhance price control effectiveness [2][3] Group 3: Market-oriented Price Reform - The "Opinions" call for deepening market-oriented price reforms in various sectors, including electricity and natural gas, and establishing a market-based pricing mechanism for essential goods and services [4][5] - The current marketization level of commodity and service prices in China has reached 97.5% [5] Group 4: Agricultural Price Policies - The "Opinions" propose to improve agricultural price policies to ensure stable and safe supply of essential agricultural products, including the establishment of a coordinated mechanism for prices, subsidies, and insurance [7][8] - The focus is on ensuring that farmers' incomes are protected while allowing market mechanisms to play a larger role in price formation [8] Group 5: Public Utility Pricing Mechanism - The "Opinions" outline the need to clarify the boundaries between government investment and user payment in public utilities, ensuring fair pricing and cost recovery [9][10] - The aim is to optimize pricing structures for public services, including water, electricity, and gas, while considering the affordability for the public [10][11]

文 | 新华社 近日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅发布《关于完善价格治理机制的意见》。 其中提到，深化价格市场化改革。 分品种、有节奏推进各类电源上网电价市场化改革，稳妥有序推动电能量价格、容量价格和辅助服务价格由 市场形成，探索建立促进改革平稳推进的配套制度。健全跨省跨区送电市场化价格形成机制。加快完善电网代理购电制度，推动更多工商业用户 直接参与市场交易。 进一步完善成品油定价机制，深化天然气价格市场化改革。加快完善煤炭市场价格形成机制。鼓励供需双方按照市场化原 则协商确定水利工程供水价格，积极推进新建水利工程提前明确量价条件。放开具备竞争条件的民航国内航线旅客运输价格。 加快重点领域市场建设。推进重要商品现货、期货市场建设，优化期货品种上市、交易、监管等规则，夯实市场形成价格的基础。有序发展油 气、煤炭等交易市场。完善多层次电力市场体系，健全交易规则和技术标准，推进电力中长期、现货、辅助服务市场建设，培育多元化竞争主 体。完善售电市场管理制度。 健全促进绿色低碳转型的能源价格政策。 建立健全天然气发电、储能等调节性资源价格机制，更好发挥对构建新型电力系统的支撑作用。 完善 新能源就近交易价格政策，优化增 ...