Core Viewpoint - The Central Education Work Leading Group has issued the "Action Plan for the Adjustment and Optimization of Higher Education Disciplines and Majors (2025-2027)", aiming to establish a mechanism for adjusting disciplines and majors based on technological development and national strategic needs [1] Group 1 - The plan proposes the construction of a national talent supply and demand data platform [3] - It emphasizes shortening adjustment cycles and enhancing coordination among graduate, undergraduate, and vocational disciplines [3] - The plan advocates for differentiated advancement in the layout of foundational, applied, and strategic disciplines [3] Group 2 - The plan outlines actions for urgent discipline and major layout, targeting strategic emerging industries and future industries for rapid establishment of several discipline points [5] - It includes actions to elevate foundational disciplines, increasing support for foundational disciplines in the cultivation of first-class disciplines [5] - The plan also promotes the incubation of emerging and interdisciplinary fields, establishing a number of exemplary interdisciplinary centers [5] Group 3 - Over the past two years, the Ministry of Education has guided universities to add 3,715 undergraduate majors and has canceled or suspended 6,638 majors [7] - Additionally, 12,000 new vocational majors have been added, with over 8,200 majors canceled [7] - The plan encourages the reform pilot of the adjustment and optimization mechanism for disciplines and majors, with nearly 100 universities in 18 provinces actively exploring new models for discipline construction and talent cultivation [7]

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a modern industrial system in China relies heavily on the integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, emphasizing that these two aspects should not be treated separately [1][3]. Group 1: New Quality Productivity - The development of new quality productivity should be a key focus in the "14th Five-Year Plan," particularly in strategic emerging industries and future industries [3]. - The main challenges facing industrial development include uncertainties in economic operations, such as technological shocks from big data and artificial intelligence, as well as geopolitical factors [3]. Group 2: Industrial Concepts - New concepts introduced include industrial scope, industrial boundaries, and industrial depth, which emphasize the importance of not only the scale of industry development but also the composition and connections between industries [3]. - The balance between technological and economic factors, as well as domestic and international dynamics, is crucial for the growth of any industry [3]. Group 3: Financial Support for Innovation - Financial policies must innovate to provide precise support for technological innovation and green transformation while balancing financial openness and risk prevention [4][5]. - Key elements of financing for technological innovation and green transformation include quantity, price, and duration, with a focus on mobilizing commercial financial institutions through lower interest rates and longer terms [5]. Group 4: Financial Openness and Risk Management - Financial openness is essential, requiring the effective utilization of both domestic and international financial resources, while continuously improving compliance and risk management systems [5]. - Future risk prevention will focus on cross-border capital flows and cross-market risk transmission, necessitating international regulatory cooperation and the use of modern technologies like big data and AI [5].