同时，《方案》明确，实施急需学科专业超常布局行动，瞄准战略性新兴产业和未来产业等，快速布局一批学科专业点；实施基础学科跃升行动，在一流学 科培优行动中加大对基础学科支持力度；实施新兴学科和交叉学科孵化行动，布局建设一批示范性学科交叉中心；实施存量学科专业优化行动，对社会需求 明显不足、培养质量下滑、办学条件不足的学科专业点进行预警并提出整改要求。 据统计，两年来，教育部共引导高校新增本科专业点3715个，撤销和停招专业点6638个，高职新增专业点1.2万个，撤销专业点8200余个，已超常布局低空 经济、增设智能视听工程等一批战略急需学科专业，鼓励学科专业设置调整优化机制改革试点"揭榜挂帅"，十八省份近百所高校积极探索学科专业建设和人 才培养新模式，学科专业调整力度不断加大。 央视网消息（新闻联播）：近日，中央教育工作领导小组印发《高等教育学科专业设置调整优化行动方案（2025—2027年）》（以下简称《方案》），要求 建立健全科技发展、国家战略需求牵引的学科专业设置调整机制和人才培养模式。 《方案》提出，建设国家人才供需对接大数据平台；缩短调整周期，加强研究生、本科、高职三类学科专业目录协同联动；差异化推进基 ...

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a modern industrial system in China relies heavily on the integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, emphasizing that these two aspects should not be treated separately [1][3]. Group 1: New Quality Productivity - The development of new quality productivity should be a key focus in the "14th Five-Year Plan," particularly in strategic emerging industries and future industries [3]. - The main challenges facing industrial development include uncertainties in economic operations, such as technological shocks from big data and artificial intelligence, as well as geopolitical factors [3]. Group 2: Industrial Concepts - New concepts introduced include industrial scope, industrial boundaries, and industrial depth, which emphasize the importance of not only the scale of industry development but also the composition and connections between industries [3]. - The balance between technological and economic factors, as well as domestic and international dynamics, is crucial for the growth of any industry [3]. Group 3: Financial Support for Innovation - Financial policies must innovate to provide precise support for technological innovation and green transformation while balancing financial openness and risk prevention [4][5]. - Key elements of financing for technological innovation and green transformation include quantity, price, and duration, with a focus on mobilizing commercial financial institutions through lower interest rates and longer terms [5]. Group 4: Financial Openness and Risk Management - Financial openness is essential, requiring the effective utilization of both domestic and international financial resources, while continuously improving compliance and risk management systems [5]. - Future risk prevention will focus on cross-border capital flows and cross-market risk transmission, necessitating international regulatory cooperation and the use of modern technologies like big data and AI [5].