该计划属于欧盟拟推出的《工业加速法案》(Industrial Accelerator Act,IAA)框架。目前法案尚未获得欧 盟委员会正式通过，但政策信号已较为明确，即通过强化本地产业链来减少对外部供应链的依赖。另据 路透社报道，欧盟委员会原定于2月26日公布相关方案，但因内部对"欧洲制造"地理范围界定存在分 歧，已推迟至3月4日发布。这表明法案内容仍有调整空间，后续还需在欧盟理事会及欧洲议会层面磋 商。同时，欧洲钢铁行业游说组织Eurofer也在推动将钢铁纳入该机制，并主张对"本地"作出更为严格的 界定。该组织负责人表示，并非所有与欧盟签署自由贸易协定的国家都应自动被纳入"本地"范围。 分析认为，若"欧洲制造"标准进一步收紧，并与补贴资格或市场准入挂钩，促使欧洲车企将供应链环节 更多回流欧盟内部，以确保政策合规性和成本优势，摩洛哥将面临订单外移与新增投资放缓的双重风 险。由此带来的连锁反应，可能影响当地就业稳定、产业配套体系发展以及外资流入节奏，对经济增长 形成一定压力。 当前，欧洲公共补贴政策不断强化本土附加值要求，环保法规持续趋严，整车企业投资重心明显向电动 平台、电池系统和智能化领域倾斜，产业升级步 ...

欧盟执行机构计划于下周三提出其"工业化加速法案"(Industrial Accelerator Act)，其中将要求在使用公共 资金时优先采购欧盟的本地制造产品。 欧洲钢铁行业周四表示，欧盟将于下周正式出台优先使用欧洲本地制造材料的相关规定，必须将钢铁纳 入其中，并且"本地"应仅被理解为英国和挪威等近欧盟系统，即在欧盟"Made in Europe/Industrial Accelerator Act"框架下，可被视为应优先采购的欧洲本土或高度一体化的欧盟近邻来源。欧洲钢铁业主 张把"本地"解释得更窄：核心是欧盟内部，外加少数与欧盟制度、市场规则和脱碳约束高度接近的近邻 国家。 汽车制造商及其他行业呼吁将这些条款扩大适用于其供应链所在的全球其他国家，例如英国和土耳其。 Eggert表示，最新草案似乎已删除针对钢铁专项的"欧洲制造"要求。 他表示，许多其他贸易伙伴都在购买本地制造的产品，"印度大规模如此，中国、美国也都是'购买本国 产品'，但它们是对所有生产都这么做，而我们现在这里只是在讨论低碳钢。所以，如果你想触发脱碳 投资，那么你也必须把钢铁纳入这里"，他强调，并表示所指的是该法案。 挪威(以及冰岛、列支敦 ...

Core Viewpoint - French President Macron calls for significant adjustments within the EU, warning that the continent is facing a "Greenland moment," signaling the need for countries to prepare for a challenging global environment and potential hostility from the U.S. [1] Group 1: Strategic Initiatives - Macron advocates for a "European manufacturing" strategy aimed at strengthening key areas such as defense, technology, and energy [1] - He urges EU member states to increase domestic investments to reduce reliance on external partners [1] Group 2: Economic and Financial Strength - Macron supports the idea of increased joint borrowing and collective investment to enhance Europe's economic and financial power [1]

【环球时报驻德国特约记者 青木】接连不断的危机令德国经济付出沉重代价，敦促这一欧洲最大经济 体尽快找到破局之法。德新社8日援引德国经济研究所（IW）的估算数据报道称，自2020年以来，疫 情、俄乌冲突、关税争端等危机给德国造成的经济损失已累计近1万亿欧元。虽然德国经济在2025年微 弱增长约0.2%，结束了此前连续两年的衰退，但出口前景不明、劳动力市场停滞以及投资环境未改善 等问题为经济复苏蒙上阴影。在国际经贸格局愈发复杂的背景下，德国经济和能源部长赖歇上周六对欧 盟引导公共采购偏向欧洲企业的计划提出反对，警告竞争力无法通过孤立手段建立。 1/4 由关税政策导致 IW的估算数据显示，自2020年以来的6年间，德国经价格调整后的国内生产总值（GDP）因为各种危机 损失高达9400亿欧元。仅在新冠疫情暴发的第一年，即2020年，德国的产值损失就达约1850亿欧元。 从2022年开始，俄乌冲突带来的能源价格冲击和持续高企的地缘政治不确定性严重拖累德国经济增长， 2022年经济损失约为850亿欧元。随后两年间，德国经济产值分别减少约1400亿欧元和2000亿欧元。 值得注意的是，近万亿损失的1/4归因于过去一年。在德 ...

这项900亿欧元的贷款是在布鲁塞尔举行的峰会上通过政治途径达成的，其资金将通过发行共同债券来 筹集，欧盟预算将作为投资者的担保。 作为协议的一部分，匈牙利、斯洛伐克和捷克共和国将完全免除所有财务义务，包括年度利息支付。这 三个国家此前曾坚决反对向乌克兰提供任何额外援助。欧盟委员会估计，其余24个成员国每年将不得不 支付20亿至30亿欧元，以支付相关费用。 900亿欧元的金额将分为两个主要支柱：300亿欧元的预算援助和600亿欧元的军事援助。如果战争结 束，这一比例可能会发生变化。 欧盟成员国已经达成一项协议，将向乌克兰提供 900 亿欧元的贷款，以满足其 2026 年和 2027 年的财政 和军事需求。布鲁塞尔方面计划在 4 月初支付首笔款项，以避免乌克兰突然遭遇外国援助的大幅减少。 周三下午，各国外交官在经过磋商后达成了有关法律文本的协议。当时，担任欧盟理事会轮值主席国的 塞浦路斯提交了新的版本。塞浦路斯财政部长马基斯·凯拉夫诺斯表示："今天的协议表明，欧盟继续坚 定地支持乌克兰及其人民，新的资金援助将有助于确保该国在面对俄罗斯时具备强大的抵御能力。与此 同时，我们正在发出一个强烈的信号，即根据国际法，各国 ...

【环球时报驻德国特约记者 青木】"如果没有雄心勃勃、行之有效且务实的产业政策，欧洲经济注定沦 为竞争对手的游戏场。" 欧盟委员会负责工业战略的执行副主席斯特凡纳·塞茹尔内2日在多家欧洲媒体 上发表文章称，欧洲需要用"欧洲制造"战略来保护其自身产业。据路透社报道，这篇文章得到超过1100 名企业首席执行官（CEO）和商界领袖的联合署名。 塞茹尔内在文章里写道："我们必须一劳永逸地在最具战略意义的领域建立真正的欧洲优先权。"这篇文 章发表于欧盟"工业加速器法案"提出之前，该法案预计将在本月提出，其可能制定优先考虑本地制造产 品的要求。该计划的目标是推进能源密集型产业的脱碳，并加强欧洲产业。然而，此举已导致欧盟国家 间产生分歧。 塞茹尔内表示，无论是公共采购、直接国家援助还是其他形式的财政支持，受惠企业必须将其生产的实 质性部分放在欧洲本土。他将此称作"一项经济独立之举，是对德拉吉报告的直接落实"。瑞士《新苏黎 世报》在其分析文章中提到，欧盟法律框架下公共采购市场规模达5500亿瑞士法郎（约合4.9万亿元人 民币）。 这篇文章得到1100余名欧洲行业领袖联合署名，其中包括钢铁制造商安赛乐米塔尔和塔塔钢铁，制药公 司 ...

Core Viewpoint - The EU is planning an ambitious industrial policy that sets a local content standard of up to 70% for key products like automobiles, aiming to reduce external dependencies, but this has sparked internal disagreements due to concerns over increased costs and competitiveness [1][2]. Group 1: Local Content Standards - The proposed "Industrial Accelerator Law" is expected to be officially announced on December 10, with incentives such as government subsidies tied to local content standards for products like electric vehicle batteries [2]. - Some EU officials express concerns that high local content requirements could lead to increased costs for manufacturers, potentially exceeding 10 billion euros annually [2][3]. Group 2: Employment and Industry Protection - Measures aimed at promoting "European manufacturing" are intended to prevent significant job losses in the manufacturing sector, particularly in the automotive industry, which is facing challenges due to uneven transitions to electric vehicles [3]. - The French government is advocating for moderate protection of the automotive sector, acknowledging the vulnerability of component suppliers to foreign competition [3]. Group 3: Supply Chain and Recycling Initiatives - The EU is also focusing on securing the supply of critical raw materials by limiting the export of rare earth and recyclable battery waste starting in 2026, as part of the REsourceEU plan [5]. - The EU aims to meet over 65% of its critical raw material needs independently, with projections indicating that recycling efforts could support the production of 200,000 electric vehicle battery packs annually [5]. Group 4: Industry Competitiveness - Factors contributing to the decline in European industrial competitiveness include rising operational costs due to energy supply decoupling from Russia and diminishing advantages in labor costs and technology [4]. - Industry experts suggest that Europe should adopt a more open and collaborative approach to economic issues, avoiding the politicization of trade and security matters [6].

Core Points - The EU is planning an ambitious industrial policy that sets a local content standard of up to 70% for key products like automobiles, aiming to prioritize domestic goods and reduce external dependencies [1][2] - The proposal, known as the "Industrial Acceleration Law," is expected to be announced on December 10 and will be led by EU Commissioner Stéphane Séjourné, reflecting France's long-standing push for domestic production [1][2] - The policy is designed to provide government subsidies and public procurement incentives, with only vehicles meeting the local content benchmark eligible for government support [1][2] Group 1 - The local content threshold may reach 70%, but specific targets will vary based on the industry's criticality and dependency [2] - The automotive sector will be a primary focus, with incentives only for vehicles that meet the local content standards [2] - The policy will also analyze the EU's production capacity for each component, with potential requirements for solar panel inverters to achieve basic European manufacturing [2] Group 2 - There are concerns that the policy could impose significant financial burdens on companies, potentially increasing costs by over €10 billion annually for EU firms [4] - Officials worry that European-made products may be significantly more expensive than Asian imports, which could lead to higher costs for businesses and loss of market competitiveness for certain products [4][5] - The EU's heavy industries, including steel, are struggling to maintain profit margins against cheap Asian imports, exacerbated by high energy prices and tariffs [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the growing frustration among U.S. allies regarding the Trump administration's tariffs and defense spending threats, leading to significant repercussions for U.S. defense contractors, particularly the F-35 fighter jet program [1][5]. Group 1: Impact on Defense Contracts - Spain has abandoned a multi-billion dollar F-35 procurement plan due to disputes over NATO's defense spending targets and U.S. tariffs [1][3]. - Switzerland is facing pressure to cancel its F-35 order, which is valued at approximately $15 billion, due to the impact of U.S. tariffs and rising costs [3][5]. - India is reportedly planning to retaliate against U.S. tariffs by suspending its purchase of American weapons, further threatening U.S. defense sales [1][5]. Group 2: Political and Economic Implications - The actions of Spain and Switzerland reflect a broader reevaluation of defense relationships with the U.S., indicating a significant backlash against U.S. tariff policies [1][3]. - The F-35 program, produced by Lockheed Martin, relies on a global supply chain, and reduced orders could lead to increased costs per aircraft [3][6]. - The article highlights that the Trump administration's tariffs are pushing European nations towards developing their own defense capabilities, potentially undermining U.S. military sales [7]. Group 3: Responses from U.S. Officials - Former Pentagon officials express that U.S. allies feel harmed by the tariffs, which could lead to long-term damage to U.S. defense relationships [1][6]. - Lockheed Martin attempts to downplay the impact of these cancellations, citing ongoing interest from other countries like the UK, Denmark, and Belgium [5][6]. - The White House defends the tariff policy as beneficial for the U.S. military-industrial base, claiming it will generate significant revenue for American companies [5].