◎记者 张琼斯 李苑 "建立支持民营企业债券风险分担机制主要是为了解决民营企业发债难、债券融资成本高等问题。"东方 金诚首席宏观分析师王青对上海证券报记者表示，预计将通过信用风险缓释工具、民企债券风险补偿基 金等，与市场投资者共同承担民企债券信用风险，从而降低民企发债成本、提升市场认购意愿。 此前推出的系列贴息政策有望得到优化。董希淼表示，优化实施服务业经营主体贷款、个人消费贷款贴 息政策和设备更新贷款财政贴息政策，具有较强的针对性。可以从提高政策设计的精准性、执行流程的 高效率和相关政策的协同性等方面入手进行优化。 董希淼说，比如对于个人消费贷款贴息政策，可以进一步打通政府部门与银行间的数据壁垒，实现个人 消费贷款自动核验，支持银行简化审核程序，降低合规与操作成本，缩短贴息资金到账时间。 1月9日召开的国务院常务会议部署实施财政金融协同促内需一揽子政策。 围绕促进居民消费，会议指出，优化实施服务业经营主体贷款、个人消费贷款贴息政策，推动增加优质 服务供给，增强居民消费能力。 围绕支持民间投资，会议明确，实施中小微企业贷款贴息政策，设立民间投资专项担保计划，建立支持 民营企业债券风险分担机制，优化实施设备更新 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the effectiveness of proactive fiscal policies in 2025, which have supported major national strategies, expanded domestic demand, stabilized growth, and improved people's livelihoods. It anticipates continued expansionary fiscal policies in 2026, focusing on both material and human investments [1][2]. Group 1: Fiscal Policy Effectiveness - In 2025, proactive fiscal policies significantly supported major national strategies, with 800 billion yuan allocated for "two重" construction and 1,880 billion yuan for equipment upgrades, leading to a 10.7% year-on-year increase in machinery and equipment purchases from January to November [1]. - Increased spending in the livelihood sector was noted, with sales in supported retail sectors growing by 26.5% and 20.3% year-on-year, respectively, from January to November [1]. - Over 70% of national fiscal spending since the start of the "14th Five-Year Plan" has been directed towards improving people's livelihoods, according to the Minister of Finance [1]. Group 2: Investment in People and Material - Fiscal policies in 2025 met expectations in material investments, while policies aimed at human investments, such as childcare subsidies and free preschool education, contributed to high-quality population development [2]. - The combination of material and human investments is seen as essential for high-quality development and improving residents' living standards, creating a virtuous cycle of new demand and supply [2]. Group 3: Future Policy Directions - The Ministry of Finance plans to optimize spending structures and enhance financial support for major national strategies, focusing on increasing funding for human investments and expanding domestic demand [3][4]. - Policies supporting "two重" and "two新" will continue, with an emphasis on utilizing government bond funds and increasing central budget investments to stabilize and boost investment [5]. - Experts suggest that optimizing project reserves and expanding the fiscal "toolbox" will enhance the effectiveness of material investment policies [5][6].

Core Viewpoint - The Guangdong Province has issued a plan to support enterprises in integrating and merging their industrial chains, encouraging banks to provide favorable loan terms for eligible projects [1] Group 1: Financial Support for Enterprises - Commercial banks are encouraged to determine loan interest rates based on market principles, customer credit ratings, and loan amounts for eligible industrial chain integration and merger projects [1] - The plan emphasizes support for enterprises undergoing digital transformation and extending their industrial chains, particularly in strategic industries such as electronic information manufacturing, new energy vehicles, biomedicine and medical devices, artificial intelligence and robotics, and new materials [1] Group 2: Loan Incentives and Cost Reduction - Financial institutions are urged to offer credit support for industrial chain integration and merger projects in strategic sectors, with potential benefits in interest rates and loan terms within policy limits [1] - The initiative aims to reduce financing costs for enterprises, providing fiscal subsidies for loans that meet the criteria for advanced manufacturing and technology-driven companies [1]

2025年11月12日，中信银行（601998）发布公告称，为贯彻落实党中央、国务院关于大力提振消费、全 方位扩大国内需求的决策部署，降低服务业经营主体融资成本，助力激发消费市场活力，促进经济加快 向好发展，根据《服务业经营主体贷款贴息政策实施方案》（财金〔2025〕81号）工作部署，中信银行 积极有序推动相关实施工作，现就客户关注问题解答如下： （1）客户申请贷款的经营主体为餐饮住宿、健康、养老、托育、家政、文化娱乐、旅游、体育8类消费 领域。 （2）2025年3月16日至2025年12月31日期间，客户与中信银行完成个人经营贷款的贷款合同签订且相关 贷款资金发放至经营主体。 （3）贷款资金合规用于改善消费基础设施和提升社会服务能力。 （4）客户完成《中信银行服务业经营主体个人贷款财政贴息补充协议》签署。如客户未签署补充协 议，视为放弃本笔贷款财政贴息，不影响贷款的申请、办理及使用。 （5）借款合同按约定足额偿还本金及利息。 （6）贴息申请经省级财政、民政、人力资源社会保障、商务、文化和旅游、卫生健康、体育等相关管 理部门审核通过。 1.问：中信银行财政贴息的服务业经营主体个人经营贷款产品范围有哪些？ 答： ...

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Finance emphasizes the need for a more proactive fiscal policy to enhance the effectiveness of fund utilization and ensure fund security, aiming for rapid implementation of financial measures [1] Group 1: Fiscal Policy Implementation - The report highlights the importance of tightening the budget execution responsibility chain to improve fund usage efficiency and security [1] - It advocates for the continuation of special actions to boost consumption, particularly through fiscal subsidies for personal consumption loans and loans to key industry operators [1] - The report aims to stimulate service consumption potential in areas such as elderly care and childcare [1] Group 2: Financial Coordination and Investment - The Ministry plans to leverage local government special bonds and ultra-long-term special treasury bonds to enhance fiscal and financial coordination [1] - There is a focus on including more public services within the investment support scope to encourage private investment development [1]

Core Insights - The Ministry of Finance released a report on the execution of China's fiscal policy for the first half of 2025, indicating a commitment to a more proactive fiscal policy [1] Fiscal Policy Execution - The Ministry plans to strengthen the budget execution responsibility chain to enhance the efficiency of fund usage while ensuring fund security [1] - There will be continued implementation of special actions to boost consumption, including fiscal subsidies for personal consumption loans in key sectors [1] Investment and Financing - The Ministry aims to leverage local government special bonds and ultra-long-term special treasury bonds to enhance coordination between fiscal and financial policies [1] - More public services will be included in the investment support scope, and there will be encouragement for private investment development [1]

Group 1: Macroeconomic Outlook - The report highlights that both the US and China are entering critical years, with global investment driven by three and a half engines: AI investment, defense spending, and industrial restructuring [1][14] - The nominal GDP growth rate is expected to recover, with a focus on domestic demand and technology as key policy areas [1][2] - The transition from old to new economic drivers in China is anticipated to gain momentum, leading to a rebalancing of supply and demand [2][11] Group 2: Policy Environment - The "15th Five-Year Plan" sets a supportive policy tone, with monetary policy expected to remain accommodative, albeit with less room than in the current year [3][15] - Fiscal policy is projected to maintain a certain level of expansion, with total tools estimated at 15.7 trillion yuan, an increase of approximately 1.2 trillion yuan from this year [3][15] - The report emphasizes the importance of structural tools and the coordination between monetary and fiscal policies to support various sectors [3][15] Group 3: Supply and Demand Dynamics - The narrative of "asset scarcity" in the bond market is expected to weaken, with a focus on the verification of corporate profits and capacity utilization [4][18] - The report notes that government bond supply is likely to increase, but market pressure will be manageable due to central bank support [4][18] - Institutional behavior is identified as a major source of market volatility, with a reduction in stable funding leading to increased market fluctuations [4][18] Group 4: Bond Market Strategy - The bond market is expected to maintain a "low interest rate + high volatility" characteristic, with the central rate likely remaining stable or slightly increasing [5][18] - The report suggests a strategy of segment trading, coupon strategies, and equity exposure as priorities over duration adjustment and credit downgrading [5][18] - The ten-year government bond yield is projected to fluctuate between 1.6% and 2.1%, with a widening of term spreads anticipated [5][18]

Core Viewpoint - Jiangsu Province has allocated 50 million yuan in interest subsidy funds to stimulate the development of the productive service industry, aiming to enhance financial support for key projects in this sector [1] Group 1: Financial Support and Policy Implementation - The Jiangsu Provincial Finance Department, in collaboration with the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, has introduced a fiscal interest subsidy policy for the productive service industry, effective from 2025 to 2027 [1] - The allocated 50 million yuan is expected to leverage bank loans amounting to 5 billion yuan and drive annual investments in the productive service industry to 31 billion yuan [1] Group 2: Project Eligibility and Requirements - The subsidy program targets five key areas: information services, technology services, modern logistics, financial services, and business services, focusing on projects related to equipment and software purchases, infrastructure construction, and R&D investments [2] - Eligible enterprises must have independent legal status, operate for over one year, and meet specific investment thresholds, including a total project investment of no less than 100 million yuan and an annual investment of at least 20 million yuan [2] - Additional criteria include a clean safety and environmental record over the past three years and no prior provincial-level interest subsidy support for the project [2] Group 3: Oversight and Compliance - The Provincial Finance Department will enhance fund supervision and ensure compliance in the disbursement of interest subsidies by collaborating with relevant departments [2] - Information technology will be utilized to track and monitor the safe and compliant use of subsidy funds, with plans for post-audit and random checks to verify project authenticity and actual loan disbursement [2]

Group 1 - Postal Savings Bank of China in Heilongjiang Province actively responds to and implements the national personal consumption loan interest subsidy policy, conducting thorough pre-policy coordination and post-implementation efforts [1] - The bank has organized various marketing activities such as "Tuo Hai Action," "Respecting Teachers and Benefiting Teachers," and "Rural Postal Vehicle Purchase Season" to promote the interest subsidy policy and facilitate loan processing [1] - As of September 25, the bank has issued 409 personal consumption loans under the interest subsidy policy, totaling 67.2617 million yuan, including 122 comprehensive loans amounting to 9.287 million yuan and 287 auto loans amounting to 57.9747 million yuan [1] Group 2 - The first personal consumption loan under the interest subsidy policy was successfully issued on September 1, with a notable case being a 220,000 yuan auto loan for a resident in Harbin, who expressed satisfaction with the financial support [1] - The customer manager at the bank provided comprehensive service, including policy explanation, loan processing, and post-loan support, which received high praise from the customer [2]

Core Viewpoint - The new policy financial tool, with an initial scale of 500 billion yuan, aims to support projects across eight key sectors, with a portion of the funds allocated specifically for private enterprises, indicating a strong governmental commitment to bolster the private economy [1][3]. Group 1: Financial Tool Characteristics - The new policy financial tool is characterized by its fiscal support nature, with funding potentially sourced from the central bank's pledged supplementary lending (PSL) at a low interest rate of 2%, and possibly even lower than 1% due to central government subsidies [2][3]. - This tool is designed to address the capital shortage in local projects, which has been a bottleneck for the effective use of special bonds [1][2]. Group 2: Investment Potential - The 500 billion yuan financial tool is expected to leverage investments up to 5 trillion yuan, significantly enhancing the funding available for various projects [2][3]. - The tool's implementation could lead to a broad expansion of credit, potentially increasing infrastructure investment growth by approximately 2 percentage points within the year [7]. Group 3: Focus Areas - The financial tool will prioritize eight sectors, including digital economy, artificial intelligence, low-altitude economy, consumer infrastructure, green and low-carbon transition, agriculture, transportation and logistics, and municipal and industrial parks [3][5]. - A specific allocation of 100 billion yuan is designated to support private enterprises, reflecting the government's commitment to fostering private sector growth [3]. Group 4: Implementation Timeline - The preparation for the new financial tool has progressed significantly, with project applications and local government initiatives underway, indicating a potential rollout in the third quarter [6][8]. - If launched in the third quarter, the tool could play a crucial role in stimulating economic growth amid a challenging economic environment [6][7].