中国青年报客户端讯（中青报·中青网记者袁野）据美国《纽约时报》《华盛顿邮报》等媒体报道，美 国五角大楼发布的2026年《国家防务战略》对中国和俄罗斯采取了相对缓和的措辞，称"特朗普总统寻 求与中国建立稳定和平、公平贸易和相互尊重的关系"，对中国台湾地区只字未提。 此外，新版《国家防务战略》强调，美国传统盟友——欧洲在华盛顿支持减少的情况下，应承担更多防 务责任。 这份战略文件表示，美国战争部将"优先处理对美国人的安全、自由和繁荣最重要的任务"。而在欧洲和 其他战区，盟国将对"对我们威胁较小，但对他们更大的威胁"承担领导责任，美国提供"关键但更有 限"的支持。 根据最新估计，目前驻扎在欧洲的美军人数超过8万人。 这份长达34页的新防务战略强调，美国的盟友必须落实北约关于大幅提高国防开支的协议。在特朗普的 推动下，北约于去年6月达成一致，成员国今后至少应将本国国内生产总值的3.5%用于国防。此外，还 应额外投入1.5%用于与防务相关的支出，例如基础设施建设。 《纽约时报》称，美国上一份《国家防务战略》是在拜登执政时期发布的，其中将中国描述为华盛顿面 临的"最具决定性的挑战"。 尤其令人关注的是，这份文件对中国台湾 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the resurgence of the Monroe Doctrine in U.S. foreign policy, particularly under the Trump administration, which has been termed "New Monroeism." This approach emphasizes U.S. dominance in the Western Hemisphere and has led to military interventions, notably in Venezuela, raising concerns about violations of international law and the implications for Latin America and global order [1][5][11]. Historical Context - The Monroe Doctrine, articulated by President James Monroe in 1823, established a framework for U.S. foreign policy, asserting that the Americas should be free from European colonialism and interference [3][4]. - The doctrine has evolved through two significant iterations: the Roosevelt Corollary in 1904, which justified U.S. intervention in Latin America, and the recent "Trump Doctrine," which reasserts U.S. interests in the region [4][5]. New Monroeism Characteristics - The "New Monroeism" is characterized by a more aggressive and interventionist stance, focusing on military deployment, economic pressure, and direct intervention in Latin American affairs [6][7]. - The Trump administration's national security strategy identifies the Western Hemisphere as a core interest area, with explicit goals to reclaim U.S. dominance and prevent foreign influence [5][9]. Military and Economic Strategies - The U.S. has employed military force and economic sanctions as primary tools in its "New Monroeism," contrasting with the more diplomatic approaches of the past [8][12]. - Recent actions include military deployments near Venezuela and sanctions against countries like Colombia and Cuba, aimed at controlling resources and curbing perceived threats to U.S. security [9][10]. Implications for Latin America - The focus on Venezuela is particularly notable due to its vast oil reserves and alliances with countries like China and Russia, which the U.S. views as challenges to its influence [9][12]. - The article suggests that the "New Monroeism" could lead to increased instability in Latin America, as the U.S. prioritizes its interests over regional autonomy and development [1][11].

Core Viewpoint - Singapore's Prime Minister expressed strong dissatisfaction with the U.S. decision to impose a 10% reciprocal tariff, which undermines the free trade agreement signed 20 years ago, leading to a significant trade deficit of $30 billion with the U.S. [1][3] Group 1: Trade Relations - Singapore is the only ASEAN country with a long-term trade deficit with the U.S., importing significantly more than it exports, with a trade surplus of $2.8 billion for the U.S. in 2024, an increase of nearly 85% from 2023 [3][5] - The U.S. announced a reciprocal tariff policy on April 2, 2025, which was a shock to Singapore, despite the tariff being lower than those imposed on Cambodia and Vietnam [3][5] - Singapore's trade dependency is extremely high, with a trade dependency ratio of 327%, indicating that its total trade volume is more than three times its GDP [5][6] Group 2: Economic Impact - Following the tariff announcement, Singapore's stock market experienced a significant drop, with the Straits Times Index falling 7.5%, marking the largest single-day decline since the 2008 financial crisis [8] - Economic forecasts for Singapore's GDP in Q2 2025 predict a contraction of 2.4%, with a potential risk of technical recession, leading to a downward revision of GDP growth expectations from 1%-3% to 0%-2% [8][10] Group 3: Geopolitical Context - The U.S. tariff policy is seen as a departure from the global trade rules established by the WTO, with implications for Singapore's economic and security balance, which relies on both the U.S. for security and China for economic ties [10][11] - Singapore's former Prime Minister noted that while Singapore is a key security partner of the U.S., it does not consider itself an ally, highlighting the complexities of its geopolitical stance [13] Group 4: ASEAN Response - Malaysia's Prime Minister is seeking a unified response among ASEAN countries to the U.S. tariffs, but significant differences in positions exist, indicating a divided response to U.S. pressure [15][17] - The U.S. has implemented varying tariff rates for different ASEAN countries, with Singapore facing a 10% tariff, while other countries like Thailand and Malaysia face higher rates [17] Group 5: Global Trade Dynamics - The U.S. tariff policy is part of a broader strategy to regain control over supply chains, while China is establishing a free trade zone in Hainan, indicating a shift in global trade dynamics [19][21] - Experts suggest that the disruption caused by U.S. tariffs is prompting countries to seek alternatives to reduce dependence on the U.S., with ASEAN countries exploring regional cooperation and new trade routes [23]

Group 1 - The United Nations Security Council held an emergency meeting regarding the situation in Venezuela, with representatives from Russia and China criticizing the actions of the United States and emphasizing the need to resolve disputes peacefully in accordance with the UN Charter [1] - The U.S. has deployed multiple warships in the Caribbean Sea near Venezuela under the pretext of "anti-drug" operations, sinking over 30 vessels since early September, resulting in over a hundred deaths [2] - The U.S. has labeled the Venezuelan government as a "foreign terrorist organization" and ordered a comprehensive blockade on sanctioned oil tankers entering or leaving Venezuela [2] Group 2 - The Venezuelan government has accused the U.S. of attempting to instigate regime change and military expansion in Latin America, condemning U.S. actions as acts of piracy [3] - The U.S. military's actions have raised concerns among regional countries and the international community, with experts from the UN Human Rights Council stating that the U.S. has no right to enforce unilateral sanctions through armed blockades [3] - The Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America condemned the U.S. actions as unacceptable aggression against legitimate trade and national sovereignty, labeling it a form of neo-colonialism [4] Group 3 - Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov expressed serious concerns over the escalating U.S. actions in the Caribbean, indicating that these actions threaten international shipping and reaffirming support for the Venezuelan government [5] - China's representative at the UN called for an immediate cessation of U.S. actions against Venezuela, stating that such actions violate international law and threaten peace and security in the region [5] - Venezuela's UN representative claimed that U.S. ambitions extend beyond Venezuela, aiming to dominate the entire South American continent [6] Group 4 - The latest U.S. National Security Strategy report prioritizes the Western Hemisphere, viewing it as a frontline for U.S. border security and geopolitical competition, with a focus on preventing foreign intervention and using lethal force against drug trafficking groups [7] - The report has faced opposition from Latin American and Caribbean nations, with leaders expressing concerns that it exacerbates challenges and promotes a view of the hemisphere as a U.S. sphere of influence [7] - Nicaragua's UN representative criticized U.S. actions as "modern piracy" that undermines regional stability and peace [8]

Group 1 - The U.S. government is intensifying its military actions against suspected drug traffickers in Venezuela, with President Trump hinting at possible expansions into Mexico and Colombia [1] - A secret briefing was held for Congress members by key national security officials, including Secretary of State Rubio and Defense Secretary Hegseth, to discuss the strategy against drug trafficking [1] - Democratic leaders expressed dissatisfaction with the lack of a clear strategy presented during the briefing, while most Republicans remained non-committal [1] Group 2 - U.S. military aircraft, including F-18 fighter jets, entered Venezuelan airspace, flying close to the city of Maracaibo and remaining for at least 40 minutes [2] - The flight path of the U.S. fighter jets indicated they flew over critical energy regions in Venezuela, specifically between La Guajira and Falcon state [3] - An MQ-4C Triton drone was also reported in the vicinity, conducting surveillance along the Venezuelan coastline without entering its sovereign airspace [5] Group 3 - The U.S. National Security Strategy report released on December 4 introduced the "Trump Doctrine" as a new version of the Monroe Doctrine, aiming to assert U.S. dominance in the Western Hemisphere and strengthen military presence in Latin America [7] - The U.S. has previously deployed multiple naval vessels in the Caribbean near Venezuela under the pretext of anti-drug operations, which Venezuela claims is a military threat aimed at regime change [7]

Core Viewpoint - The latest National Security Strategy (NSS) from the U.S. marks a significant shift in American foreign policy, moving away from traditional ideologies and emphasizing a pragmatic approach focused on U.S. interests, encapsulated in the phrase "America First" [1][4]. Summary by Sections U.S. Foreign Policy Principles - The NSS outlines that U.S. foreign, defense, and intelligence policies must adhere to several core principles, with a focus on core national security interests rather than generalized "national interests" [4]. - Five core national interests are identified: ensuring stability and dominance in the Western Hemisphere; maintaining economic security and a free and open Indo-Pacific; safeguarding European security and cultural health; preventing hostile forces from dominating the Middle East; and establishing technological superiority and controlling global standards [4]. Shift from Previous Strategies - Compared to the 2017 NSS, which emphasized "great power competition," the new NSS does not highlight great power confrontation but instead states that the economy is the "greatest stake" [4][5]. - The new NSS significantly downplays the Biden administration's stance on maintaining a rules-based international order, which was frequently mentioned in the 2022 NSS but appears only once in the latest version, used to criticize the Biden administration's failures [5]. Critique of European Allies - The NSS sharply criticizes European allies, suggesting they should engage in an ideological struggle against "woke" trends and highlighting deeper issues such as political freedom erosion and demographic changes due to immigration [2][6]. - It warns of the potential for "civilization erasure" in Europe and calls for the U.S. to assist in correcting Europe's current trajectory [6]. Economic Security Emphasis - The NSS emphasizes that economic security is foundational to national security, advocating for a "rebalancing" of global trade relations and expanding U.S. access to critical minerals and materials [10]. - It also calls for monitoring global supply chains and technological advancements, promoting U.S. re-industrialization through "strategic tariffs" and new technologies [10][11]. - The document acknowledges challenges in achieving economic goals, noting a loss of 58,000 manufacturing jobs since April and a contraction in manufacturing employment for nine consecutive months [10]. Energy and Financial Dominance - The NSS aims to restore U.S. energy dominance across various sectors, including oil, natural gas, coal, and nuclear energy, while rejecting climate change and net-zero concepts [11]. - It recognizes the financial markets as a pillar of U.S. influence, providing leverage for advancing national security priorities [11].

Core Viewpoint - The latest National Security Strategy (NSS) from the U.S. marks a significant shift in American foreign policy, moving away from traditional ideologies and emphasizing a pragmatic approach focused on national interests and economic security [3][8]. Summary by Sections U.S. Foreign Policy Principles - The NSS outlines that U.S. foreign, defense, and intelligence policies must adhere to several core principles, with a focus on core national security interests rather than generalized ones. The five core interests include: ensuring stability and dominance in the Western Hemisphere, maintaining economic security and a free and open Indo-Pacific, safeguarding European security and cultural health, preventing Middle Eastern dominance by hostile forces, and establishing technological superiority [8][9]. Critique of European Allies - The NSS sharply criticizes European allies, suggesting they engage in an ideological struggle against "woke" trends and highlighting deeper issues such as political freedom erosion and demographic changes due to immigration. It warns of a potential loss of civilization in Europe and calls for U.S. action to help correct its current trajectory [5][11][12]. Economic Security Emphasis - The document emphasizes that economic security is foundational to national security, advocating for a "rebalancing" of global trade relations, increased access to critical minerals, and monitoring of global supply chains. It also promotes the idea of strategic tariffs and new technologies to drive U.S. reindustrialization [17][18]. Focus on the Western Hemisphere - The NSS indicates a renewed focus on Latin America, suggesting the re-establishment of Monroe Doctrine principles to restore U.S. influence in the region. It emphasizes the importance of securing exclusive contracts for U.S. companies in countries heavily reliant on American support [14][15]. Shift from Interventionism - The NSS reflects a clear non-interventionist stance, setting high standards for foreign intervention and advocating for flexible realism in international relations. It suggests that the U.S. should not impose democratic changes on other nations but rather seek peaceful commercial relationships [9][10].

Core Viewpoint - The new National Security Strategy (NSS) emphasizes that the economy is the "greatest interest" and marks a significant shift in U.S. foreign policy, moving away from the previous focus on great power competition [1][4]. Group 1: U.S. Foreign Policy Principles - The NSS outlines that U.S. foreign, defense, and intelligence policies must adhere to several core principles, with a focus on core national security interests rather than generalized "national interests" [4]. - Five core national interests are identified: ensuring stability and dominance in the Western Hemisphere, maintaining economic security and a free and open Indo-Pacific, safeguarding European security and cultural health, preventing hostile forces from dominating the Middle East, and establishing technological superiority [4]. Group 2: Economic Security Emphasis - The document stresses that economic security is foundational to national security, advocating for a "rebalancing" of global trade relations and expanding U.S. access to critical minerals and materials [10]. - It calls for monitoring global supply chains and technological advancements, promoting U.S. re-industrialization through "strategic tariffs" and new technology applications [10][11]. - The NSS aims to restore U.S. energy dominance and financial leadership, rejecting climate change and net-zero concepts [11]. Group 3: Critique of European Allies - The NSS sharply criticizes European allies for insufficient military spending and economic stagnation, highlighting deeper issues such as the erosion of political freedom and national sovereignty in Europe [6]. - It warns of the potential for European civilization to be erased and calls for the U.S. to assist Europe in correcting its current trajectory [6]. Group 4: Focus on the Western Hemisphere - The NSS emphasizes the need to re-establish and execute Monroe Doctrine principles, restoring U.S. dominance in the Western Hemisphere as a fundamental prerequisite for U.S. security and prosperity [9]. - It suggests that U.S. diplomats should seek major business opportunities in countries heavily reliant on the U.S., ensuring that contracts are exclusively awarded to American companies [9].

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the need for a coherent and focused global engagement strategy for the United States to maintain its status as the world's strongest and most influential nation [3][4][5] - It critiques past U.S. strategies post-Cold War for failing to align with core national interests and for misjudging the American public's willingness to bear global burdens [4][5] - The article highlights the importance of prioritizing core national interests in U.S. foreign policy, focusing on security, economic stability, and the protection of American values [7][10] Group 2 - The article outlines the core objectives of U.S. strategy, including the protection of national sovereignty, economic interests, and the well-being of its citizens [7][8] - It stresses the need for a resilient national infrastructure capable of withstanding various threats, including military attacks and foreign influence [8] - The article advocates for a strong military presence and advanced defense systems to safeguard U.S. interests and deter potential adversaries [8][9] Group 3 - The article discusses the importance of maintaining a robust economy as the foundation of U.S. power, emphasizing the need for a strong industrial base and innovative energy sector [8][9] - It highlights the necessity of protecting intellectual property and fostering technological advancements to sustain economic leadership [9] - The article calls for a focus on re-industrialization and energy independence to bolster economic resilience and reduce reliance on foreign sources [12][18] Group 4 - The article outlines the U.S. approach to foreign relations, advocating for a pragmatic and principle-driven diplomacy that prioritizes American interests [11][13] - It emphasizes the need for burden-sharing among allies and partners, particularly in defense spending and regional security responsibilities [14][15] - The article critiques the past U.S. approach to China, calling for a rebalancing of economic relations to ensure fairness and protect American economic independence [25][26] Group 5 - The article identifies the strategic importance of the Western Hemisphere, advocating for a return to Monroe Doctrine principles to safeguard U.S. interests in the region [16][18] - It discusses the need for a proactive stance against foreign adversaries in the Western Hemisphere, emphasizing cooperation with regional allies to combat illegal immigration and drug trafficking [19][20] - The article highlights the importance of economic partnerships and investment opportunities in the region to strengthen U.S. influence and counter external threats [22][23]