方大炭素新材料科技股份有限公司 2025 年半年度报告 公司代码：600516 公司简称：方大炭素 方大炭素新材料科技股份有限公司 方大炭素新材料科技股份有限公司 2025 年半年度报告 重要提示 一、 本公司董事会、监事会及董事、监事、高级管理人员保证半年度报告内容的真实性、准确 性、完整性，不存在虚假记载、误导性陈述或重大遗漏，并承担个别和连带的法律责任。 二、 公司全体董事出席董事会会议。 三、 本半年度报告未经审计。 四、 公司负责人马卓 、主管会计工作负责人赵尔琴及会计机构负责人（会计主管人员）谈虹声 明：保证半年度报告中财务报告的真实、准确、完整。 五、 董事会决议通过的本报告期利润分配预案或公积金转增股本预案 无 六、 前瞻性陈述的风险声明 √适用 □不适用 本报告涉及的经营情况讨论与分析并不构成公司对投资者的实质承诺，敬请投资者注意投资风 险。 七、 是否存在被控股股东及其他关联方非经营性占用资金情况 否 八、 是否存在违反规定决策程序对外提供担保的情况 否 九、 是否存在半数以上董事无法保证公司所披露半年度报告的真实性、准确性和完整性 否 十、 重大风险提示 公司已在本报告中详细描述了围绕公 ...

从业务板块来看，易成新能以高端碳材、新型储能为业务主线，产业布局涵盖新能源、新材料行业多项 业务。公司收购梅山湖公司后，石墨电极全产业链产能突破10万吨，在行业内的市场份额和议价能力得 到提升。公司还积极探索新型储能领域，收购并增资平煤神马储能布局锂离子电池储能，控股孙公司开 封时代致力于全钒液流电池的生产及全钒液流电站的开发、建设和运营，有望在新能源储能市场中占据 一席之地。 对于下半年的发展，易成新能表示将充分发挥公司的核心竞争力和全产业链优势、技术优势和品牌优 势，通过持续增加研发投入，推进技术创新，完善公司产业链条，提升公司盈利能力，增强公司市场竞 争力。 易成新能表示，随着公司完成了对亏损严重的平煤隆基光伏电池片业务的剥离，帮助公司改善了盈利状 况，亏损面大幅收窄。另外，凭借其他主营业务收入的提升，公司整体营业收入仍实现增长。一是随着 南阳天成、青海天蓝二期两个负极材料项目的全面投产，公司负极材料业务收入大幅增长，青海天蓝报 告期内实现扭亏为盈；二是中原金太阳（300606）公司在上市公司增资的大力支持下，业务规模不断增 加，电站施工项目及并网电站逐渐增多，施工及发电收入增长均超100%，净利润由同 ...

Group 1 - At least seven companies have announced plans to invest over 1 billion RMB in securities since 2025, with Liou Co., Fangda Carbon, Qipilang, Tapai Group, Lianfa Co., Xiantan Co., and Zhejiang Yongqiang among them [1] - Fangda Carbon plans to invest up to 2.4 billion RMB of its own funds in securities, with the ability to roll over funds and reinvest returns within this limit [1] - Fangda Carbon has experienced a significant decline in profits, with net profit dropping from 5.526 billion RMB in 2018 to only 46 million RMB in 2024, indicating a severe downturn in financial performance [1][2] Group 2 - In the first half of this year, Fangda Carbon's net profit attributable to shareholders is projected to decrease by 65.13% to 70.93%, with a non-recurring net profit of only around 1 million RMB, indicating a risk of losses [2] - The company attributes its poor performance to macroeconomic conditions, reduced market demand, and intensified competition, raising concerns about the wisdom of investing billions in securities at this time [2] - Fangda Carbon's past stock investments have led to significant non-operating losses, with figures of -197 million RMB, -226 million RMB, and 115 million RMB in 2022, 2023, and 2024 respectively, highlighting the volatility and risks associated with such strategies [2] Group 3 - To mitigate risks associated with stock investments by listed companies, regulatory bodies should establish clear guidelines on investment limits and require full disclosure of investment rationale and risk management [3] - Companies should focus on their core business and treat investments as a supplementary strategy, developing sound decision-making and risk control mechanisms to avoid speculative behavior [3] - Investors are encouraged to assess the competitiveness and sustainability of a company's core business rather than being misled by short-term fluctuations in investment returns [3]

Core Viewpoint - The report highlights the current economic indicators and trends in various sectors, including liquidity, infrastructure, real estate, industrial products, and export chains, providing insights into potential investment opportunities and risks. Liquidity - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference was -3.7 percentage points in June 2025, with a month-on-month increase of 1.9 percentage points [4] - The BCI small and medium enterprise financing environment index was 46.09 in July 2025, down 6.16% from the previous month [4] - The London gold spot price increased by 0.79% compared to the previous week [4] Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - The steel PMI new orders index reached a 9-month high in July [5] - Weekly price changes included rebar down 2.90%, cement price index down 1.37%, rubber down 2.33%, coke up 3.94%, coking coal up 0.98%, and iron ore down 2.55% [5] - National blast furnace capacity utilization rate, cement, asphalt, and all-steel tire operating rates changed by -0.57 percentage points, +0.20 percentage points, +3.0 percentage points, and -3.94 percentage points respectively [5] Real Estate Completion Chain - Titanium dioxide and flat glass prices changed by -0.77% and 0.00% respectively, with flat glass gross profit at -58 CNY/ton and titanium dioxide profit at -1409 CNY/ton [6] - The flat glass operating rate was 75% this week [6] Industrial Products Chain - The PMI new orders index for July was 49.40%, down 0.8 percentage points [7] - Major commodity prices showed cold-rolled down 0.19%, copper down 1.43%, and aluminum down 1.49%, with corresponding gross profit changes of +12.77%, -18.19%, and -10.26% [7] - The national semi-steel tire operating rate was 74.45%, down 1.42 percentage points [7] Subcategories - Tungsten concentrate prices reached a new high since 2011 [8] - Graphite electrode price was 18,000 CNY/ton, unchanged, with a gross profit of 1357.4 CNY/ton, down 10.61% [8] - Electrolytic aluminum price was 20,490 CNY/ton, down 1.49%, with estimated profit at 2926 CNY/ton (excluding tax), down 10.26% [8] Price Comparison Relationships - The price ratio of rebar to iron ore was 4.27 this week [9] - The price difference between hot-rolled and rebar steel was 80 CNY/ton [9] - The price difference between Shanghai cold-rolled and hot-rolled steel reached 390 CNY/ton, up 20 CNY/ton [9] Export Chain - The new export orders PMI for China in July 2025 was 47.10%, down 0.6 percentage points [10] - The China Containerized Freight Index (CCFI) composite index was 1232.29 points this week, down 2.30% [10] - The U.S. crude steel capacity utilization rate was 78.40%, up 0.40 percentage points [10] Valuation Percentiles - The CSI 300 index decreased by 1.75%, with the best-performing cyclical sector being commercial vehicles at -0.51% [11] - The PB ratio of ordinary steel and industrial metals relative to the CSI 300 index was 46.36% and 64.79% respectively [11] - The current PB ratio of the ordinary steel sector relative to the CSI 300 index is 0.57, with the highest value since 2013 being 0.82 [11]

Core Viewpoint - The carbon material manufacturing industry is facing intense competition, particularly in the anode material and graphite electrode sectors, prompting calls for increased R&D innovation among carbon enterprises [1][4]. Industry Status - The current state of China's carbon industry is characterized by an oversupply of low-end capacity and a lack of high-end products, with 90% of graphite used in third-generation semiconductor manufacturing being imported [2]. - The average price of carbon products has decreased from 21,600 yuan per ton in 2023 to 17,500 yuan per ton in 2024, a decline of nearly 20%, with graphite prices hovering around the cost line of 20,000 yuan per ton [6]. Market Opportunities - The market for graphite consumables is expected to reach a scale of 10 billion USD with the widespread adoption of 8-inch silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductor production lines, leading to sustained demand for high-performance graphite materials [3][6]. - The demand for special graphite is critical in the production of SiC semiconductors, with stringent performance requirements in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties [3]. Industry Challenges - The carbon industry is currently experiencing excessive competition in low-end products, necessitating a shift towards stable mass production of high-end special graphite to restore confidence and drive growth [4][6]. - The domestic special graphite sector is facing a supply shortage, particularly for large-sized fine particle products, which are still largely reliant on imports, indicating significant potential for domestic substitution [8]. Technological Advancements - Companies are urged to break free from low-end competition by upgrading technology and innovating new products, focusing on high-end graphite as a key area for development [7][8]. - The special graphite market is driven by technological upgrades in end-use industries and the expansion of emerging application fields, which continuously boost demand [8]. Competitive Landscape - International giants maintain a monopoly in the special graphite sector through patent control, with companies like SGL holding 45% of global isostatic graphite patents, necessitating domestic firms to enhance basic research and develop self-research equipment to overcome bottlenecks [9].

Group 1 - The core idea of the article emphasizes the importance of understanding capital cycles when investing in commodities and cyclical stocks, suggesting that high returns attract capital while low returns repel it, leading to predictable fluctuations in shareholder returns [4][5][6] - The article discusses the significance of identifying industries undergoing large down cycles that require funding, followed by a detailed analysis of individual companies' fundamentals to find stocks trading below their intrinsic value [4][5] - It highlights the necessity of conducting stress tests on selected companies to ensure their debt levels are manageable and their survival during economic downturns [5] Group 2 - The author shares personal experiences in commodity investing, particularly in the sugar industry, illustrating the challenges faced when initial investments did not yield expected results, which ultimately led to a deeper understanding of the sector [12][13] - The article mentions the importance of continuous learning and adapting investment strategies based on market conditions, as demonstrated by the author's shift in focus to graphite electrode companies in India [16][21] - It emphasizes that successful commodity investments often require a contrarian approach, buying during periods of pessimism and selling when the market is overly optimistic [5][32] Group 3 - The article outlines key indicators of capital cycle risks, such as monitoring capital expenditures, asset growth, and the frequency of investment banking activities in specific industries [14][8] - It discusses the significance of understanding supply dynamics in commodity markets, noting that many investors focus primarily on demand while neglecting supply factors that can significantly impact returns [9][29] - The author stresses the need for investors to remain vigilant and manage risks effectively, particularly in volatile commodity markets where prices can fluctuate dramatically [32][35]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current state of various industries, focusing on liquidity, construction, real estate, industrial products, pricing relationships, export chains, and valuation metrics, highlighting both opportunities and challenges in the market. Liquidity - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference was -3.7 percentage points in June 2025, with a month-on-month increase of 1.9 percentage points [3] Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - Rebar prices reached a new high for the year, with weekly price changes showing rebar up by 5.50%, cement price index down by 2.05%, rubber up by 3.09%, coke up by 8.55%, coking coal up by 6.60%, and iron ore up by 0.64% [4] - National capacity utilization rates for blast furnaces, cement, asphalt, and all-steel tires decreased by 0.08 percentage points, 6.80 percentage points, 1.8 percentage points, and 0.08 percentage points respectively [4] Real Estate Completion Chain - Prices for titanium dioxide and flat glass changed by -0.38% and 0.00% respectively, with flat glass profit at -58 yuan/ton and titanium dioxide profit at -1350 yuan/ton; flat glass operating rate was 75% [5] Industrial Products Chain - Major commodity prices showed cold-rolled steel, copper, and aluminum increasing by 6.42%, 1.05%, and 0.19% respectively, with corresponding profit changes of +107.38%, -18.19%, and -1.86% [6] - The national operating rate for semi-steel tires was 75.87%, down by 0.12 percentage points [6] - The PMI new orders index for June was 50.20% [6] Subcategory Products - Prices for graphite electrodes were 18,000 yuan/ton, unchanged, with a comprehensive profit of 1357.4 yuan/ton, down by 15.09% [7] - Electrolytic aluminum price was 20,800 yuan/ton, up by 0.19%, with estimated profit at 3260 yuan/ton (excluding tax), down by 1.86% [7] - Electrolytic copper price was 79,580 yuan/ton, up by 1.05% [7] Pricing Relationships - The price ratio of rebar to iron ore was 4.37 this week; the price difference between hot-rolled and rebar was 100 yuan/ton [8] - The price difference between Shanghai cold-rolled and hot-rolled steel reached 370 yuan/ton, up by 10 yuan/ton [8] - The price difference between small rebar (mainly used in real estate) and large rebar (mainly used in infrastructure) was 150 yuan/ton, down by 6.25% from last week [8] Export Chain - The new export orders PMI for China in June 2025 was 47.70%, up by 0.2 percentage points [9] - The CCFI comprehensive index for container shipping rates was 1261.35 points, down by 3.24% [9] - The U.S. crude steel capacity utilization rate was 78.00%, down by 0.70 percentage points [9] Valuation Metrics - The CSI 300 index increased by 1.69%, with the best-performing cyclical sector being cement manufacturing, which rose by 13.13% [10] - The PB ratio of the ordinary steel sector relative to the CSI 300 is currently at 0.57, with a historical high of 0.82 reached in August 2017 [11]

Core Viewpoint - The interview with the Secretary of the Board of Directors of Fangda Carbon emphasizes the company's commitment to technological innovation, green low-carbon practices, and intelligent transformation to drive the carbon industry towards high efficiency, high added value, and sustainability [4][8]. Company Overview - Fangda Carbon has been a leader in the carbon industry for 60 years, with an annual production capacity of 260,000 tons of carbon products and 354,000 tons of raw materials, positioning itself as a top-quality carbon product production and supply base globally [6]. - The company produces a variety of products including graphite electrodes, carbon bricks, isostatic graphite, nuclear graphite materials, graphene materials, and various raw materials [6]. Financial Performance - In the first half of 2025, the company experienced a decline in revenue and net profit due to macroeconomic conditions, reduced downstream market demand, and intensified market competition [6]. - Despite the challenges, the company maintains a competitive advantage through a well-structured industrial layout, resource sharing, centralized R&D, and a complete product system [6]. Strategic Initiatives - The company focuses on "stabilizing traditional business, expanding emerging business, and strengthening collaboration" to ensure a balanced and synergistic development between traditional and new businesses [10]. - Fangda Carbon aims to leverage cash flow from traditional businesses to support the incubation of new businesses while using technological innovation to upgrade traditional industries [10]. Innovation and R&D - Fangda Carbon invests significantly in R&D, with ongoing projects including three national-level major science and technology projects and six provincial-level projects, holding 77 patents [12]. - The company has achieved 40 technological achievements and new products, including advanced graphite electrodes and graphene products, which are being promoted in various markets [13][14]. Environmental Commitment - The company has invested over 200 million yuan in environmental upgrades, earning recognition as a "green factory" and a "waste-free enterprise" [14]. - Fangda Carbon is advancing its digital transformation with a nearly 100 million yuan investment to establish the industry's first "5G + Carbon Intelligent Manufacturing Fully Connected Factory" [14].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current economic indicators and trends in various sectors, highlighting the performance of key commodities, financing conditions for small and medium enterprises, and the state of the real estate market in China. Group 1: Liquidity and Financing Environment - The BCI small and medium enterprise financing environment index for June 2025 is 49.12, with a month-on-month increase of 0.07% [3] - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference in June 2025 is -3.7 percentage points, showing a month-on-month increase of 1.9 percentage points [3] Group 2: Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - Rebar prices have reached a new high since April, with a week-on-week increase of 0.93% [4] - The national average capacity utilization rate for blast furnaces increased by 0.99 percentage points, while the cement and asphalt rates decreased by 3.30 percentage points and 2.6 percentage points, respectively [4] - The cumulative year-on-year completion area of commercial housing from January to June is -14.80% [5] Group 3: Industrial Products Chain - The national half-steel tire operating rate is at a five-year high of 75.99%, with a month-on-month increase of 3.07 percentage points [6] - The June PMI new orders index is at 50.20% [6] Group 4: Price Trends of Specific Commodities - Tungsten concentrate prices have reached the highest level since 2011 [7] - The price of graphite electrodes is 18,000 yuan/ton, with a comprehensive gross profit of 1,357.4 yuan/ton, down 22.59% month-on-month [7] Group 5: Price Relationships - The price ratio of rebar to iron ore is 4.14 this week [8] - The price difference between hot-rolled and rebar steel is 110 yuan/ton [8] Group 6: Export Chain - The new export orders PMI for June 2025 is 47.70%, with a month-on-month increase of 0.2 percentage points [9] - The CCFI comprehensive index for container shipping rates is 1,303.54 points, down 0.77% [9] Group 7: Valuation Metrics - The CSI 300 index increased by 1.09%, with the commercial vehicle sector performing the best at +5.98% [10] - The PB ratio of the general steel sector relative to the CSI 300 is currently at 0.54, with the highest value since 2013 being 0.82 [10]

Core Viewpoint - The article provides insights into various economic indicators and industry performance metrics, highlighting trends in liquidity, construction, real estate, industrial products, and export orders, which may present investment opportunities and risks in the market. Liquidity - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference was -5.6 percentage points in May 2025, with a month-on-month increase of 0.9 percentage points [3] - The BCI small and medium enterprise financing environment index was 49.12 in June 2025, reflecting a month-on-month increase of 0.07% [3] Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - The average daily crude steel output of key enterprises in late June was 2.129 million tons, showing a month-on-month decrease of 0.88% [4] - Price changes included rebar up by 1.89%, cement price index down by 1.57%, and iron ore up by 2.47% [4] Real Estate Completion Chain - The prices of titanium dioxide and flat glass changed by -1.49% and 0.00% respectively, with flat glass gross profit at -58 yuan/ton and titanium dioxide profit at -1268 yuan/ton [5] Industrial Products Chain - The national semi-steel tire operating rate was 72.92%, reflecting a month-on-month increase of 2.51 percentage points [6] - The June PMI new orders index was 50.20%, with a month-on-month increase of 0.4 percentage points [6] Subcategories - The capacity utilization rate of electrolytic aluminum reached a new high since 2012 [7] - The price of electrolytic aluminum was 20,760 yuan/ton, with a calculated profit of 3,331 yuan/ton (excluding tax), reflecting a month-on-month decrease of 2.84% [7] Price Comparison Relationships - The price ratio of rebar to iron ore was 4.24 this week, with the price difference between hot-rolled and rebar steel at 110 yuan/ton [8] - The price difference between small rebar (mainly used in real estate) and large rebar (mainly used in infrastructure) was 140 yuan/ton, unchanged from the previous week [8] Export Chain - The new export orders PMI for China in June 2025 was 47.70%, with a month-on-month increase of 0.2 percentage points [9] - The CCFI comprehensive index for container shipping rates was 1,313.70 points, reflecting a week-on-week decrease of 2.18% [9] Valuation Percentiles - The Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index increased by 0.82%, with the real estate sector showing the best performance at +6.12% [10] - The PB ratio of the general steel sector relative to the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets was 0.54, with the highest value since 2013 being 0.82 [10]