转自：中国科学报 9月10日，教师节午后，阳光洒进中国科学院上海应用物理研究所（以下简称上海应物所）原所长徐洪 杰的办公室。70岁的徐洪杰正和学生们合影。他执意让两位"得意门生"邹杨、杨群夫妇一左一右坐在自 己身边。快门按下的那一刻，老人笑得像个慈祥的父亲。 杨群告诉《中国科学报》，那天，"徐老师特别高兴"。 4天后，这位将毕生心血倾注于两大国家重器——"上海光源"和钍基熔盐堆的战略科学家，在家中溘然 长逝。 "我做到80岁，就不管你们了。再过10年，'80后''90后'成长起来，完全可以挑大梁了。"徐洪杰虽未等 到80岁亲自交棒的那一天，但由他培养的新一代青年科学家已如春苗拔节，在重大科技攻关任务的土壤 中扎根、生长。 后接回忆，徐洪杰还常派研究生对接外国专家，并让年轻人旁听重大项目评审会，目睹"高手过招"，哪 怕不能完全听懂，也能直观感受专家"大拿"们怎么思考问题、怎么作报告。 培养：敢给年轻人"压担子" "敢给年轻人'压担子'。打了胜仗，自然就成长。"上海应物所研究员、钍基核能物理中心主任邹杨回 忆，徐洪杰培养人才的核心"心法"，就是放手将年轻人推向重大攻关的最前线，在攻克看似"不可能"的 任务中成长。 ...

人民财讯12月29日电，中共甘肃省委关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议发布。其中 提到，加快培育未来产业。实施未来产业创新发展行动，绘制未来产业发展图谱，建立未来产业投入增 长和风险分担机制，探索多元技术路线、典型应用场景、可行商业模式，培育未来制造、未来信息、未 来能源、未来材料、未来空间、未来健康等产业。继续推进钍基熔盐堆项目建设，强化关键装备、关键 材料配套，加快核技术应用等关联产业发展。发展量子测量、量子通信、量子计算等业态，培育孵化量 子科技产业和初创企业。面向智能制造、智慧物流、安全应急等领域，加强特种机器人研发制造，推动 制造业、服务业多场景示范应用。瞄准医疗、康复等应用方向，推动脑机接口技术研发和产业化。聚焦 生物农业、生物材料等领域，推动生物制造产业向中端壮大、向高端突破。 ...

Core Insights - In 2025, China is making significant strides in technological innovation, showcasing various groundbreaking projects that highlight national intelligence and pave the way for future advancements [2][3][4] Group 1: Major Technological Achievements - The "China Sky Eye" FAST has discovered over 1,170 pulsars, maintaining its global leadership in pulsar detection [2] - The Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment Facility, operational in 2025, will enhance the measurement precision of solar neutrino oscillation parameters by 1.5 to 1.8 times, allowing for a reevaluation of cosmic laws [2] - The "Fighter" manned submersible has successfully completed 43 dives in the Arctic, discovering the deepest known chemosynthetic life community, making China the only country to conduct continuous manned deep dives in the Arctic sea ice region [2] Group 2: Advancements in Energy and Research Facilities - The fully superconducting Tokamak EAST is set to achieve a world record of 100 million degrees Celsius and 1,066 seconds of steady-state operation in 2025, marking a significant leap in controlled nuclear fusion from basic science to key engineering practice [2] - The thorium-based molten salt reactor has been completed and has successfully achieved thorium-uranium conversion, opening a new chapter in nuclear energy utilization [3] - A series of large scientific facilities are under construction, including advanced attosecond laser facilities, the world's first 2,000-meter deep manned laboratory, and human cell lineage research facilities capable of drug testing [3]

Core Insights - The report indicates that China's energy and electricity sector is experiencing significant breakthroughs in technological innovation, deep integration, and leading development trends [1] Investment and R&D - China's major power companies are increasing their R&D investment, with an average intensity of 2.82% in 2024, surpassing the national average of 2.68% [1] - Total investment in technological innovation reached 198.32 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.16%, with grid companies investing 51.28 billion yuan, generation companies 104.23 billion yuan, and construction companies 42.81 billion yuan [1] - The total number of research personnel in major power companies reached 237,073 in 2024, indicating an improvement in the quality of the technology talent pool [1] Achievements and Innovations - The power sector achieved notable results, winning 4 gold and 6 silver awards at the 25th Patent Awards in 2024, and accumulating 91 national science and technology awards from 2017 to 2024 [2] - The number of invention patent authorizations in major power companies reached 35,413 in 2024, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 13.5% [2] - The quality of scientific papers in the power sector is improving, with a strengthening of basic research capabilities [2] Technological Advancements - Thermal power generation is rapidly transitioning to high-efficiency, flexible, and low-carbon technologies, with breakthroughs in key technologies such as ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boilers and large-scale carbon capture [2] - Hydropower and pumped storage technologies remain leading, with successful development of high-end equipment like 500 MW impact units and 700-meter high stability pumped storage units [2] - Wind power generation is trending towards larger and smarter units, with a 26 MW offshore wind turbine leading globally [2] - Photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency has repeatedly set world records, and advanced nuclear technologies like "Hualong One" and "Guohe One" are making steady progress [2] Grid and Storage Innovations - The grid sector has achieved significant results in ultra-high voltage and artificial intelligence technologies, establishing a foundation for new power systems [3] - New energy storage technologies are rapidly evolving, with developments in grid-type storage, long-duration storage, and solid-state batteries moving towards large-scale applications [3] - The deployment of energy sector "super brains" like the Dawa and Guangming power models has been initiated [3]

Core Insights - The report indicates that China's energy and electricity sector is experiencing significant breakthroughs in technological innovation, deep integration, and leading development trends [1] Investment and R&D - In 2024, major power companies in China are expected to have an average R&D expenditure intensity of 2.82%, surpassing the national average of 2.68% [1] - Total investment in technological innovation reached 198.32 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.16%, with grid companies investing 51.28 billion yuan, generation companies 104.23 billion yuan, and construction companies 42.81 billion yuan [1] - The total number of research personnel in major power companies is projected to reach 237,073, indicating an improvement in the quality of the technology talent pool [1] Achievements in Innovation - The power sector received four gold and six silver awards at the 25th National Patent Awards in 2024, and from 2017 to 2024, it accumulated 91 National Science and Technology Awards [2] - The number of invention patents authorized in 2024 reached 35,413, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 13.5% [2] - The quality of scientific papers in the power sector has improved, and foundational research capabilities are strengthening [2] Technological Advancements - The transition of thermal power generation towards high efficiency, flexibility, and low carbon has accelerated, with significant breakthroughs in key technologies such as ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boilers and large-scale carbon capture [2] - Hydropower and pumped storage technologies continue to lead, with successful development of high-end equipment like 500 MW impulse units and 700-meter high stability pumped storage units [2] - Wind power generation is trending towards larger and smarter units, with a 26 MW offshore wind turbine leading globally [2] - Photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency has repeatedly set world records, and advanced nuclear technologies like "Hualong One" and "Guohe One" are making steady progress [2] Grid and Storage Innovations - In the grid sector, significant achievements have been made in ultra-high voltage and artificial intelligence technologies, establishing a foundation for new power systems [3] - New energy storage technologies are rapidly evolving, with grid-type storage, long-duration storage, and solid-state batteries moving towards large-scale applications [3] - The deployment of energy sector "super brains" like the Watt and Bright Power models has been initiated [3]

Core Viewpoint - The company is currently not involved in thorium molten salt reactor-related business and is advancing a significant asset restructuring to divest existing financial operations and acquire high-quality nuclear power assets [1] Group 1: Company Strategy - The company is progressing with a major asset restructuring plan, which includes divesting its current financial business and integrating quality nuclear power assets [1] - The State Power Investment Corporation has committed to making the listed company the sole platform for the group's nuclear power generation business [1] Group 2: Future Plans - Other subsidiaries under the State Power Investment Corporation that are currently engaged in nuclear power generation will gradually inject qualifying nuclear power assets into the listed company within three years after the relevant nuclear projects commence commercial operations, following necessary decision-making and approval processes [1]

在荒漠深处，中国科学家悄然运行全球唯一稳定的钍基熔盐实验堆。表面看不出动静，但背后却可能改写国家能源安全。钍资源曾被当作废 料，科研道路几经停滞，中国却坚持几十年攻关，将别人卡住30年的难题解决。这种稳扎稳打与外界炫耀式能源战略形成鲜明对比。"别人眼 里的废料，我们炼成了战略底气。" 国际上，美国在2023年宣布重启熔盐堆计划，但实验堆至少要到2030年才能运行，而中国已在武威实现稳定运行。对比这种稳扎稳打与某些国 家依赖外部能源或短期技术炒作，显得底气十足。 武威实验堆运行稳定，每一度电、每一克氢、每一吨淡水都在改变普通人的生活。能源密集型产业得以零碳供电，民众享受稳定用电和水资源 保障，同时推动氢能产业发展。中国能源战略体现长期规划和安全意识，而非短期利益和口号宣传。 钍曾是稀土开采的副产品，提炼困难、应用不明。美国半个世纪前就尝试熔盐技术却搁浅，中国科研团队十余年攻关，终于让钍成为可持续能 源核心。今天的实验堆不仅能发电，还能产水、制氢、支撑偏远地区能源供应，真正体现战略自主。 钍基熔盐技术早在1965年美国就有尝试，但因材料腐蚀和无法制造核武器而被放弃。中国起步于1971年的上海"728工程"，面对封 ...

更重要的是，它的安全性极高。不同于大多需在高压下工作的核反应堆，钍基熔盐堆是常压运行， 熔盐在温度升高时会自动膨胀抑制反应，从根本上避免了高压爆炸的可能性。即使发生意外，熔盐也会 遇冷凝固，不会出现堆芯熔毁导致大量放射性物质释放的情况。 不仅如此，除了发电，高温运行的钍基熔盐堆还能"一堆多用"。"目前，这座钍基熔盐堆的运行温 度是700摄氏度，这个运行温度正好可以实现高温制氢、制甲醇。"上海应物所副所长蔡翔舟说，钍基熔 盐堆是清洁高效能源系统，有助于构建多能互补低碳复合能源系统，为我国能源安全提供全新解决方 案。 "这意味着核能发电不仅可以烧铀，烧钍也是可行的。"上海应物所所长、钍基熔盐堆核能系统战略 性先导科技专项负责人戴志敏表示，我国钍资源极其丰富，研发钍基熔盐堆、实现钍资源的工业应用， 可以在战略上实现能源独立。 "与传统核电站相比，钍基熔盐实验堆具有固有安全、无水冷却、常压工作和高温输出等优点。"戴 志敏举例，比如，很多核电站建在海边，一个重要原因是其运行过程中会产生巨大热量，需要大量的水 进行冷却，以保证运行安全。但钍基熔盐堆采用高温液态熔盐作为冷却剂，无需外部水源补给，建在内 陆干旱地区也可以。 ...

Core Insights - The development of the new energy industry is undergoing a cyclical change, transitioning from explosive growth to high-quality development, with "involution" being a necessary phase in this maturation process [1][2] - The current internal adjustments in the new energy sector are driven by deep market factors rather than just supply-side structural reforms, necessitating improved cost control and technological innovation among companies [1] - The global trade environment for new energy has significantly changed, requiring companies to rethink their international strategies and ensure compliance with market-specific environmental standards while maintaining technological leadership [1][2] Industry Analysis - The new energy industry is experiencing a shift from quantity to quality, indicating a maturation phase characterized by overcapacity and price competition [1] - Continuous technological innovation, such as advancements in lithium batteries, solid-state batteries, and thorium molten salt reactors, is essential for the vitality of the new energy sector [1][2] - Companies are advised to focus on their strengths, avoid overcrowded markets, and integrate digital and AI elements into their new energy products before pursuing international expansion [2] Future Outlook - The core driving force for the new energy industry will remain technology, with emerging growth points in thorium molten salt reactors, solid-state battery technology, and decreasing hydrogen energy costs [2] - The future competitiveness of new energy companies will depend on breakthroughs in technology, the expansion of downstream application scenarios, and the formulation of development plans tailored to their unique characteristics [2] - There is a need for more scientific planning in the new energy sector to avoid redundant construction and resource waste, particularly in regions lacking a solid foundation for new energy development [2]

Core Insights - Thorium ore is emerging as a strategic energy resource due to its high energy density, safety, low waste, and cost-effective extraction when associated with rare earth elements [1][4][6] - China leads in both resources and technology, with proven industrial reserves of 287,000 tons, ranking second globally, and significant breakthroughs in thorium fuel technology [1][4][6] - The thorium mining industry in China is characterized by a "net import" trade pattern, with Nigeria being a key source of imports, and prices for thorium ore have shown a significant upward trend [1][6][8] Thorium Mining Industry Overview - Thorium ore consists of minerals containing thorium, which has significant economic value due to its properties and association with rare earth elements [2][3] - The core advantages of thorium include extremely high energy density, superior safety performance, and low extraction costs [3][4] Current Development Status of China's Thorium Mining Industry - China's thorium mining industry is transitioning from a niche resource to a strategic energy core, supported by abundant resources and technological advancements [4][6] - The Baiyun Obo mining area holds over 75% of China's thorium reserves, with significant potential for further exploration [4][6] Thorium Resource Distribution in China - China's thorium resources are managed under strict regulations, leading to a notable "net import" pattern despite domestic abundance [6][8] - The import volume of thorium ore has been increasing, with a notable 24.67% year-on-year growth in the first nine months of 2025 [6][8] Thorium Mining Industry Supply Chain - The thorium mining industry has established a complete supply chain from geological exploration to nuclear fuel manufacturing, with applications expanding beyond nuclear power [9][11] - The industry is characterized by collaboration across the supply chain, with upstream resources being integrated with rare earth mining processes [9][11] Competitive Landscape of China's Thorium Mining Industry - The industry exhibits a competitive structure with monopolies in resource extraction, concentrated technology, and collaborative applications [14][15] - Key players include Baogang Group, which controls over 75% of thorium resources, and leading companies in materials and equipment manufacturing [14][15] Future Development Trends of China's Thorium Mining Industry - The future of the thorium mining industry will focus on the continuous breakthrough and commercialization of thorium-based molten salt reactor technology [16][17] - There will be an emphasis on deep collaboration across the supply chain, driving technological upgrades and expanding applications in clean energy and industrial processes [16][17] - The diversification of applications will enhance the strategic value of thorium, contributing to energy security and reducing reliance on imported uranium [17]