温馨提示 ： 点击下方图片，查看6月原创报告，11月最新研报已上传星球内（共260页） 说明： 欢迎约稿、刊例合作、行业交流 ， 行业交流记得先加入 "机器人头条"知识星球 ，后添加（ 微信号：lietou100w ）微 信； 若有侵权、改稿请联系编辑运营（微信：li_sir_2020）； 正文： π0到π0.5再到π*0.6，机器人学会自我进化，最强 VLA模型，来了！ 公司创始人Sergey Levine表示，通过对 π*0.6 模型进行微调，可以使其在多种任务上表现出色，除了处理衣物 之外的任务都可以 达到90%成功率 ，而且任务处理的效率也大大提升了。 —— π*0.6 模型的核心亮点： 注：π*0.6 的机制与性能解读 2025年11月18日，估值超390亿、 拥有全球具身智能领域"最强创始 团队的具身智能大模型初创公司 [Physical Intelligence] （ 简称 PI或 π ） 在其上一代大模型 π0.5基础上， 发布公司最新 视觉-语言-动作（ VLA）大模型 π*0.6，凭借创新的RECAP训练方法，首次实现了机器人在真实复杂环境中"从错误中学习、从实践中进化"的核 心能力，将长 ...

引言： 2025年11月13日，一则消息在中国具身智能行业引发高度关注：星动纪元宣布完成新一轮融资，领投方是来自全球顶级的汽车制造巨头吉利汽车的吉利资 本。据接近交易的人士透露，这笔投资是吉利资本在中国具身智能领域继宇树后的再次出手，更是其在全球范围内对该赛道的最大单笔投资。 对于熟悉具身智能赛道的资深观察者而言，这一事件的信号意义远超资金本身。当最严苛、最追求规模化与稳定性的产业力量 —— 汽车工业，开始用真金 白银为具身智能的终极路径投票时，它们到底在选择什么？ 01 产业资本的 " 选择 " ：为何 " 软硬一体 " 的权重正在增加？ 在产业资本大举入局之前，具身智能的早期投资版图主要由 科技风投和平台巨头 主导，并一度在两条看似并行的路线间摇摆： 然而，这两条路径对于真正的工业生产而言，都只是 " 解决方案 " 的一部分。科技风投赌的是一个不确定的平台未来，而早期应用方则急于解决某个单一 环节的效率问题。 当真正的产业主力 —— 追求极致规模、成本与稳定性的汽车、高端制造等产业资本开始亲自下场时，游戏规则改变了。 从 从Figure在2025年9月获得宝马 等产业方加持，以390亿美元估值完成超10亿 ...

Core Insights - The report discusses the key to the realization of embodied intelligence in humanoid robots, emphasizing the importance of the robot's "brain" in driving the industry's development speed [1][7]. Group 1: Definition and Capabilities of Humanoid Robot Brain - Humanoid robots consist of a brain, cerebellum, and limbs, where the brain, based on AI large models, autonomously makes optimal decisions for navigation, task execution, and human interaction [14][15]. - The humanoid robot's brain technology provides capabilities for task-level interaction, environmental perception, task planning, and decision control [15][19]. Group 2: Technical Pathways for Humanoid Robot Brain Development - Three main technical pathways are being explored: 1. End-to-end VLA technology, which connects perception to action but is limited to short tasks [3][20]. 2. A layered approach with a brain and cerebellum, where the brain handles high-level decision-making and the cerebellum focuses on motion control [2][20]. 3. World model technology, aiming to create a cognitive map of the physical world for better action optimization [3][20]. Group 3: Industry Participants in Humanoid Robot Brain Development - The industry comprises three types of participants: 1. Companies focused solely on robot brains, such as Beijing General Artificial Intelligence Research Institute and Physical Intelligence [4][25]. 2. General large model companies like Google and OpenAI, which are extending their capabilities to robotics [4][25]. 3. Robotics companies developing their own solutions, with Tesla as a notable example [5][25]. Group 4: Challenges in Developing Embodied Intelligence - The primary challenge in scaling humanoid robots is the model itself rather than data, with a critical breakthrough expected in 1-5 years [5][27]. - Data acquisition for training is difficult, as it requires interaction data from robots with the physical world, which is costly and complex to standardize [6][28]. Group 5: Progress and Future Outlook - Despite challenges, advancements are being made, such as Tesla's Optimus demonstrating autonomous martial arts movements and Figure AI's robots completing complex tasks [7][31][36]. - As technology matures, humanoid robots with advanced "brains" are expected to enter various sectors, including homes and factories, enhancing productivity and collaboration [7][39].

9月16日，美国人形机器人新锐企业Figure宣布完成超10亿美元的C轮融资，投后估值达到390亿美元， 比B轮融资后的26亿美元估值大幅攀升。 由于Figure几乎没有在公开展会上展示过人形机器人的实操能力，外界无从判断上述技能演示的真实效 果。 Figure在一则公告中表示，这笔融资将用于推动人形机器人在家庭和商业场景的规模化部署，建设下一 代GPU基础设施，以加速具身智能模型的训练与仿真。公司还将启动真实世界数据集的采集工作，其中 包括人类视频和多模态感官输入数据，以提升机器人在复杂、动态环境中的理解与操作能力。 在工业应用上，宝马是Figure的重要合作对象。公开信息显示，位于南卡罗来纳州的宝马斯帕坦堡工 厂，引进了Figure的人形机器人在汽车产线测试。但今年4月，该项合作被《财富》杂志质疑为营销噱 头而非现实成果，因为Figure的机器人仅在非生产时段运行，训练拾取和放置零部件等任务。Figure创 始人布雷特·阿德考克（Brett Adcock）随后回应称，《财富》杂志报道不实。 成立于 2022 年的 Figure，于2024年2月筹集到一笔高达6.75亿美元的B轮融资，吸引了包括英伟达、微 ...

Core Viewpoint - Tesla's humanoid robot, Optimus, is being positioned as a revolutionary physical intelligence agent, with a high price range of $200,000 to $500,000, as highlighted by Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff [1][10]. Group 1 - The interaction between Benioff and Optimus showcased the robot's capabilities, although it was noted that Optimus walked somewhat slowly but steadily [8]. - There is a significant public reaction to the high price of Optimus, with expectations that mass production could lower the price to around $20,000 to $30,000 [10]. - Optimus has evolved since its debut in December 2023, demonstrating advanced flexibility, intelligence, and human-robot interaction capabilities, including various actions like dancing and object recognition [15]. Group 2 - The design of Optimus's hands has drawn attention, appearing very human-like but seemingly more ornamental than functional [12]. - There are mixed reviews regarding Optimus's performance, with some users finding it noisy and cumbersome, while others criticized the voice integration as overly artificial and delayed [16][18]. - A comparison was made between Tesla's Optimus and Figure's robot, with Figure showcasing a more polished demonstration, while Optimus's performance seemed less refined and more spontaneous [22][26].

Investment Rating - The report assigns an "Accumulate" rating for the humanoid robot industry, indicating a positive outlook for investment opportunities [5]. Core Insights - The humanoid robot industry is driven by "technological deepening" and "scene implementation," with Figure 02's technological breakthrough reflecting the industry's direction. The application scenarios are expanding from industrial to smart home environments [5]. - The report highlights the continuous technological transformation and exploration of application scenarios by domestic and international humanoid robot companies, indicating ongoing industrialization in the humanoid robot sector [5]. Summary by Sections Industry Overview - The report discusses the recent demonstration of Figure 02, which successfully completed the complex task of folding clothes autonomously, showcasing advancements in humanoid robotics [2][5]. Technological Advancements - Figure 02 utilizes the Helix architecture and a new dataset to master the skill of folding clothes, demonstrating significant improvements in its technical capabilities. The robot's ability to handle various fabric types and dynamic variables highlights its advanced environmental perception and motion planning [5]. - The report emphasizes the importance of algorithm optimization and data accumulation in expanding robotic skills, particularly in complex daily tasks [5]. Key Companies and Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on key players in the humanoid robot industry, including: - Joint module manufacturers: Zhongchen Technology, Shuanghuan Transmission, and Landai Technology - Linear actuator manufacturers: Hengli Hydraulic - Motor manufacturers: Mingzhi Electric - Encoder manufacturers: Yap Technology and Fengcai Technology - Dexterous hand and sensor manufacturers: Hanwei Technology and Zhaowei Electromechanical - Structural component manufacturers: Changying Precision [5][6]. Financial Projections - The report includes earnings forecasts for key companies, indicating expected growth in earnings per share (EPS) and price-to-earnings (PE) ratios for the years 2025 to 2027, with recommendations to "Accumulate" for several companies based on their projected performance [6].

Core Viewpoint - The humanoid robot industry is driven by "technological deepening" and "scene implementation," with a focus on the transition from industrial applications to smart home environments [1][3]. Group 1: Technological Advancements - Figure 02 has achieved a breakthrough in autonomous clothing folding through its Helix architecture and new datasets, showcasing significant technical capabilities in complex tasks [1]. - The ability to fold clothes requires high environmental perception, precision in force control, and motion planning, which Figure 02 has successfully demonstrated using neural network algorithms [1]. - The innovative design of the dexterous hand utilizes underactuated modular finger components, integrating all necessary components within the fingers, which enhances movement stability and adaptability for grasping [2]. Group 2: Market Trends and Applications - The breakthrough in clothing folding signifies a shift from industrial applications to household scenarios, indicating potential for expanding capabilities in daily service needs such as cleaning and caregiving [3]. - The collaborative upgrade path of "algorithm - data - components" is essential for the ongoing development of humanoid robots, emphasizing the importance of algorithm optimization and data accumulation [3].

Industry Overview - The humanoid robot industry is at a "dawn moment" with mass production beginning, driven by investments from tech giants like Tesla, Huawei, and Figure AI, indicating a significant acceleration in industry iteration and breakthroughs [1][7] - The demand for humanoid robots is increasing due to aging populations and rising labor costs, suggesting a transition from B2B to B2C markets with vast future market potential [1][6] Investment Highlights - From January 2024 to June 26, 2025, the humanoid robot index has outperformed the Wind All A index multiple times, driven by technological breakthroughs and policy catalysts, creating a positive cycle of "policy-financing-orders" [2][12] - The supply side of the humanoid robot industry is rapidly flourishing, with leading companies like Tesla and Figure AI pushing for product iterations and commercial applications, particularly in industrial settings [2][21] Production Plans - The second half of 2025 is a critical window for mass production validation, with a goal to achieve "batch production" and cultivate globally influential companies [3][47] - Tesla plans to produce 10,000 Optimus robots in 2025, with monthly production capacity expanding to 1,000 units, while Figure AI aims for 12,000 units annually from its automated production line [3][47] Software and Hardware Development - AI large models are crucial for humanoid robots, but currently represent the weakest link in the development chain, necessitating breakthroughs in software to match hardware advancements [3][19] - The precision reducer market is expected to see significant growth due to humanoid robots, potentially bringing hundreds of billions in incremental revenue [3][21] Demand Dynamics - The global labor market is tightening due to aging populations, increasing the demand for robots to replace human labor, particularly in elder care [6][21] - The humanoid robot market is projected to reach $20 billion by 2030, indicating substantial future growth potential [6][22] Investment Recommendations - Focus on companies entering or already part of Tesla's supply chain, as the industrialization process of Tesla's Optimus robot is well-defined [7] - Monitor Huawei's early-stage supply chain developments, which hold significant potential for growth [7] - Pay attention to companies that can produce core components at lower costs, as this will be key to the widespread adoption of humanoid robots [7]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements in robotics powered by Google's Gemini AI technology, highlighting its ability to perform tasks without continuous internet connectivity and its potential impact on the robotics industry [2][6][24]. Group 1: Gemini Robotics On-Device Model - The Gemini Robotics On-Device model was released on June 24, enabling robots to operate offline, which is beneficial for applications sensitive to latency and ensures robustness in intermittent or zero connectivity environments [6][7]. - This model aims to enhance robots' adaptability to new tasks and environments, addressing issues such as dexterous manipulation, fine-tuning for new tasks, and low-latency inference based on local operation [9][20]. - In performance comparisons, Gemini Robotics On-Device showed significant improvements over previous offline models, although slightly lower than the flagship Gemini Robotics model [14][16]. Group 2: Task Performance and Adaptability - The model demonstrated strong visual, semantic, and behavioral generalization capabilities, successfully completing tasks like placing blocks and opening drawers based solely on natural language commands [13][20]. - After being trained with 50 to 100 examples, the model exhibited impressive adaptability, allowing developers to fine-tune it for new tasks quickly [20]. - The model was tested on dual-arm robots, successfully executing complex tasks that require precision and dexterity, such as folding clothes and industrial assembly [20][22]. Group 3: Industry Implications and Comparisons - The introduction of Google's offline AI robots has the potential to change the game in the robotics sector, although there are questions about how it compares to Tesla's robot designs and Meta's work [24]. - The article emphasizes the diversity and richness of technological approaches in the robotics and embodied intelligence field, all aiming to enable AI to establish genuine causal understanding in the physical world [24].

相对沪深300表现 《宇树机器人亮相2025年春晚，特斯拉2024Q4业绩会介绍机器人进展—— 人形机器人行业2025年1月月报（推荐）*汽车*吴铭杰，戴畅》——2025- 02-09 戴畅(证券分析师) 吴铭杰(证券分析师) S0350523120004 S0350524090003 daic@ghzq.com.cn wumj@ghzq.com.cn 《上海、安徽、杭州发布机器人支持政策，特斯拉、宇树科技更新机器人产品 进展视频——人形机器人行业12月月报（推荐）*汽车*戴畅》——2025-01- 04 证券研究报告 2025年03月16日 汽车 最近一年走势 相关报告 《华为具身智能中心正式启动，特斯拉机器人发布灵巧手最新视频——人形机 器人行业11月月报（推荐）*汽车*戴畅》——2024-12-01 宇树科技CEO王兴兴出席民营企业座谈会，Figure AI正式发布Helix模型 ——人形机器人行业2025年2月月报 评级：推荐(维持) -19% -9% 1% 11% 21% 31% 汽车 沪深300 2024/03 2024/05 2024/07 2024/09 2024/11 2025/01 | 表 ...