Core Viewpoint - Despite significant investments from venture capital firms and large tech companies, humanoid robots still struggle to achieve dexterity, which is essential for performing tasks in human environments [2][3][4]. Group 1: Historical Context of Humanoid Robots - The concept of humanoid robots has been explored for over 65 years, with early developments including a computer-controlled robotic arm capable of stacking blocks in 1961 [3]. - The evolution of humanoid robots has seen contributions from various institutions, including WABOT-1 from Waseda University in the 1970s and Honda's ASIMO in 2000 [11][12]. Group 2: Current State and Future Predictions - Humanoid robots are currently in the early stages of development, with Gartner indicating they have not yet reached their peak hype [4]. - Companies like Tesla and Figure are optimistic about the economic potential of humanoid robots, with predictions of creating trillions in revenue [9][10]. Group 3: Challenges in Dexterity - Achieving human-level dexterity in humanoid robots remains a significant challenge, as current robotic hands lack the necessary finesse and adaptability for a wide range of tasks [23][24]. - Existing methods for training robots often rely on visual demonstrations, which do not adequately capture the tactile feedback necessary for dexterous manipulation [27][28]. Group 4: Learning Approaches - The industry has seen a shift towards end-to-end learning methods, where robots learn from observing human actions, but this approach has limitations due to the lack of tactile feedback and precision [30][31]. - Successful applications of end-to-end learning in other fields, such as speech recognition and image labeling, highlight the importance of pre-processing and human-like structures in achieving effective learning outcomes [49][50]. Group 5: Importance of Tactile Feedback - Human dexterity is heavily reliant on rich tactile feedback, which current humanoid robots do not possess, leading to challenges in replicating human-like manipulation [51][52]. - The complexity of human touch perception and the integration of multiple body parts in dexterous tasks further complicate the development of humanoid robots capable of similar actions [52].

Core Viewpoint - Elon Musk emphasized that Tesla is fully committed to scaling the Optimus project, defining it as the most important product in the company's history, with expectations that it will account for 80% of the company's future value [2][6]. Group 1: Production Timeline and Goals - Tesla aims for internal limited production and testing of thousands of Optimus units by 2025, ramping up to 50,000-100,000 units for external sales in 2026, and targeting an annual production of 1 million units within five years [2]. - The current supply chain for Optimus is based on the design of Optimus V2, with actuators and sensors each accounting for approximately 30% of material costs [4]. Group 2: Supply Chain and Component Suppliers - The supply chain for Optimus includes Tier 1 suppliers such as Sanhua Intelligent Controls and Top Group for actuators, and Mingzhi Electric and Zhaowei Electromechanical for dexterous hands [7]. - Key component suppliers include Shuanghuan Transmission and Lide Harmony for reducers, Best for lead screws, and Rongtai Health for insulation parts [7]. - International Tier 1 suppliers include Amphenol for cables, TE Connectivity for six-dimensional torque sensors, and THK for lead screws [8]. Group 3: Challenges and Development Needs - Current challenges for Optimus include hardware issues such as overload and overheating of joint motors, insufficient dexterity and load capacity of dexterous hands, and the lifespan of transmission components [10]. - There is a need for improved compatibility between hardware and software, particularly in complex dynamic environments and multi-task coordination [10]. Group 4: Thermal Management Solutions - The thermal management system for Optimus V3 is similar to that of electric vehicles, focusing on the management of key components like batteries and motors [11]. - Sanhua Intelligent Controls is developing liquid cooling modules for Optimus, leveraging its experience in electric vehicle thermal management to address overheating issues in robotic joints [13]. - Sanhua plans to deliver approximately 2,000 actuators to Tesla by Q3 2025, with an annual order forecast of 5,000-10,000 units [13]. Group 5: Industry Trends and Future Outlook - Domestic suppliers are increasing investments to meet the demand for high-performance, miniaturized thermal management components for robots [14]. - The year 2025 is anticipated to be a pivotal year for humanoid robot mass production, with 2026 expected to be a critical turning point for the industry landscape [14]. - The upcoming iTherM 2025 conference will address advanced thermal management technologies and materials relevant to humanoid robots [15].

编辑丨 量子位 点击下方 卡片 ，关注" 具身智能之心 "公众号 >> 点击进入→ 具身 智能之心 技术交流群 更多干货，欢迎加入国内首个具身智能全栈学习社区 ： 具身智能之心知识星球 (戳我) ， 这里包含所有你想要的。 马斯克在忙着裁人，小扎这边继续忙着挖人。 这不？ Optimus AI团队负责人Ashish Kumar 决定离开特斯拉，加入Meta担任研究科学家。 至于离职感言，他表示： 带领Optimus AI团队的经历非常精彩和难忘。 我们全力推进可扩展方法——用强化学习取代传统技术栈，并通过视频学习来提升机器人的灵巧度。 他还进一步强调， 人工智能才是解锁人形机器人的最关键因素 。 与此同时，小扎砸钱挖人的形象已经深入人心，使得网友不禁锐评，有10亿美元吗？ Optimus团队负责人接连出走 那这位Optimus AI团队负责人到底是何大神？ Ashish Kumar ，UC伯克利博士，导师是被李飞飞尊称为"学术祖父"的Jitendra Malik教授，因在CV领域的研究而出名。 2015年，Ashish本科毕业于印度理工学院焦特布尔分校，之后到微软位于印度的实验室做了两年研究员，研究方向是资源 ...

Group 1 - Liu Qiangdong emphasized that private enterprises should not turn into enemies and that normal business competition should not become personal grudges [1][2] - Liu expressed respect for competitors and highlighted the importance of competition based on strategy, business models, and value creation [2] - JD.com is set to announce a new model for the hotel industry by the end of the year, aiming to optimize supply chain costs and avoid price wars [8] Group 2 - ByteDance announced it will proceed with TikTok-related work in accordance with Chinese laws, ensuring continued service for American users [2][3] - The Chinese government supports businesses in achieving solutions that comply with market rules and hopes for a fair operating environment for Chinese companies in the U.S. [3] Group 3 - The iPhone 17 series launched on September 19, with reports of scalpers marking up prices significantly, indicating strong demand [4] - The first-day sales performance of the iPhone 17 series suggests potential for better sales compared to the previous generation [4] Group 4 - Figure completed a Series C funding round, raising over $1 billion with a post-money valuation of $39 billion, aimed at expanding its AI platform and humanoid robots [5] - The participation of major industry players like NVIDIA and Intel highlights the importance of training power and data resources in future competition [5] Group 5 - Meta launched its first AI glasses with display capabilities, which can translate in real-time and support 3K video recording, marking a significant advancement in consumer wearable technology [11] - The global market for AI smart glasses is expected to grow significantly, with Meta projected to capture over 65% market share following the product launch [11] Group 6 - Seven Bulls Cloud and Wuxiang Cloud Valley formed a strategic partnership to scale AI inference computing power, targeting the burgeoning AI inference market [10] - The demand for AI computing power is expected to surge, with a shift towards rental models due to high costs and technical barriers [10]

据悉，在特斯拉任职期间，Ashish Kumar主导了Optimus AI团队的核心技术研发工作，其团队专注于通 过人工智能技术突破人形机器人的实用化瓶颈。他在社交平台发文中特别提到，团队"全力推进可扩展 方法——用强化学习取代传统技术栈，并通过视频学习来提升机器人的灵巧度"。 来源：环球网 强化学习作为人工智能领域的前沿技术，允许机器人通过试错自主优化行为策略，而非依赖预设程序。 Ashish Kumar团队此前展示的Optimus原型机已具备分拣电池、搬运物品等基础任务能力，其流畅的动 作控制被业界视为强化学习技术落地的标杆案例。此外，该团队通过视频学习技术，使机器人能够从人 类操作视频中提取动作模式，显著缩短了技能训练周期。 【环球网科技综合报道】9月20日消息，据多家外媒报道，特斯拉Optimus（擎天柱）人形机器人项目AI 团队负责人阿希什·库马尔（Ashish Kumar）已正式辞去在特斯拉的职务，并将于近期加入Meta（原 Facebook）公司担任研究科学家一职。当地时间9月19日，Ashish Kumar在个人社交平台发布长文，回 顾其在特斯拉的职业生涯，并透露了关于人形机器人技术发展的关键 ...

时令 发自 凹非寺 量子位 | 公众号 QbitAI 马斯克在忙着裁人，小扎这边继续忙着挖人。 这不？ Optimus AI团队负责人Ashish Kumar 决定离开特斯拉，加入Meta担任研究科学家。 至于离职感言，他表示： 带领Optimus AI团队的经历非常精彩和难忘。 我们全力推进可扩展方法——用强化学习取代传统技术栈，并通过视频学习来提升机器人的灵巧度。 他还进一步强调， 人工智能才是解锁人形机器人的最关键因素 。 与此同时，小扎砸钱挖人的形象已经深入人心，使得网友不禁锐评，有10亿美元吗？ Optimus团队负责人接连出走 那这位Optimus AI团队负责人到底是何大神？ Ashish Kumar ，UC伯克利博士，导师是被李飞飞尊称为"学术祖父"的Jitendra Malik教授，因在CV领域的研究而出名。 2015年，Ashish本科毕业于印度理工学院焦特布尔分校，之后到微软位于印度的实验室做了两年研究员，研究方向是资源高效的机器学习算 法。 2017年，Ashish从职场重返校园，开始到UC伯克利攻读博士，2023年7月他以ML科学家的身份加入特斯拉，一年多之后便成为擎天柱的AI 负责 ...

中国人形机器人概念股近期掀起了一轮猛烈涨势。17日周三，A股市场全天震荡走强，机器人板块延续强势，再度掀起涨停潮，芯片产业链全天 持续走高。自9月5日以来，相关产业链股票平均上涨13.5%，远超同期市场表现。 据追风交易台消息，据摩根士丹利最新研报，这一波行情的核心驱动力，正是特斯拉Optimus的密集动态与全球科技厂商的最新推进。 大摩表示，9月5日特斯拉公布新激励方案及人形机器人量产路线图，随后一系列关于Optimus Gen3与新生产计划的表态持续发酵，带动价值链企 业逆势跑赢大盘。与此同时，FigureAI等头部玩家同步放出重磅消息预告，引发投资者对行业商业化突破的高度关注。 在中国本土，订单释放已进入密集窗口，数家集成商合计签约近十亿元人民币大单。按摩根士丹利分析，当前行业正沿技术突破-订单确认-资本 催化的正向循环演绎，市场期待未来2-3个月特斯拉、FigureAI与本土独角兽的关键进展，为板块行情提供延续动力。 | El. 目标之外 小不 小 | | | --- | --- | | 日期 关键事件 | | | 七月 | 特斯拉2025年第二季度财报电话会议(7月 | | 23日）世界人工智能大会 ...

马斯克终于回归正常工作状态，据特斯拉官网的"FORM 4 "文件显示，马斯克于上周五(9 月 12 日)一天 内共计买入 257 万股特斯拉股票，买入价格在每股 371.9 美元至 396.359 美 元之间。股价近期涨势凶 猛。特斯拉为马斯克制定了分阶段目标，其中一项要求在 10 年内 累计交付 100 万台人形机器人。马斯 克本人在今年就曾表示，希望在五年内将人形机器人 Optimus 的年产量提升至 100 万台。 马斯克称，计划周六对AI5 芯片设计进行技术评估，下 周将召开关于人工智能/自动驾驶系统、擎天柱 (Optimus)机器人、车辆产量的会议。从近期 产业链多家公司的调研判断，产量指引大概率会超预期。 陆续有Tier1表示已收到26Q1批 量生产通知，减速机、丝杠厂商的产能准备也至少是 10 万台以上的级 别。 【解剖大盘】 本周两件大事还没有落定，市场自然会偏谨慎，港股今天高开回补缺口震荡，收盘跌0.03%。 先来看中美会谈情况，双方已就短视频应用TikTok 转为由美国控制所有权达成一项框架协议，美国财 政部长贝森特表示，原定于9月17日的最后期限可能会延长90天，以便完成交易，但拒绝透露 ...

Group 1 - Elon Musk increased his stake in Tesla by purchasing 2.569 million shares at an average price of $389.3 per share, totaling approximately $1 billion, indicating confidence in the company's long-term development [1][2][3] - Tesla is finalizing the design of Optimus V3, a humanoid robot that Musk claims will be "the greatest product in human history" and is set for mass production [1][2] - The supply chain for Tesla's robots is heating up, with a focus on the T-chain robotics sector, as noted by Fengzheng Securities [1][2] Group 2 - Sanhua Intelligent Controls is deeply integrated with Tesla, serving as the main supplier for the humanoid robot actuator assembly [1][2] - JPMorgan initiated coverage on Sanhua Intelligent Controls with an "Overweight" rating and a 12-month target price of HKD 41, suggesting a potential upside of about 30% from current levels [1][2] - The core assumption is that Sanhua will expand its humanoid robot business while maintaining leadership in refrigeration and electric vehicle thermal management, driving a compound annual growth rate of 15% in earnings per share from fiscal years 2026 to 2027 [1][2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the significant stock price increase of Sanhua Intelligent Control, which rose over 10% in the afternoon trading session, with a current price of 35.92 HKD and a trading volume of 8.05 billion HKD [1] - Tesla's recent activities, including Elon Musk's purchase of 2.569 million shares at an average price of 389.3 USD per share, valued at approximately 1 billion USD, indicate strong confidence in the company's long-term development [1] - Sanhua Intelligent Control is deeply integrated with Tesla, serving as the main supplier for Tesla's humanoid robot actuator assembly, which positions the company favorably within the growing robotics sector [1] Group 2 - According to Morgan Stanley's research report, Sanhua Intelligent Control has been given an "overweight" rating with a 12-month target price of 41 HKD, suggesting a potential upside of about 30% from the current level [1] - The core assumption of the report is that Sanhua Intelligent Control will expand its humanoid robot business while maintaining its leadership in refrigeration and electric vehicle thermal management, which is expected to drive a compound annual growth rate of 15% in earnings per share from fiscal years 2026 to 2027 [1]